Objective To discuss the minimally invasive skills in the treatment of choledocholithiasis.Methods A retrospective analysis was made to sum up the minimally invasive methods in the treatment of choledocholithiasis,reinforcing sufficient cognition to the treatment of the disease.Results The minimally invasive methods in the treatment of choledocholithiasis included endoscopic sphincterotomy,endoscopic papillaryballoon dilation,fibercholedochoscopy,laparoscopic common bile dnctexploration and laparoscopy combined with endoscopy in treating choledocholithiasis.Conclusion The conception of the treatment of choledocholithiasis was renewed by djfferent minimally invasive skills.With the development of the medical apparatus and instruments,the minimally invasive skills will play an important role in the treatment of choledocholithiasis.

Objective To investigate the optimum formulation and preparation process of Yuxiawenya dispersible tablets.Methods The formula of Yuxiawenya dispersible tablets were optimized by orthogonal design in terms of dispersible uniformity test.Results The tablets were prepared by moist granulation method with 1% polyvidone k30(PVPK30) ethanol solutionsas as moistening agent,microcrystalling cellulose(MCC) as diluents,and sodium croscarboxymethyl starch(CCMS-Na) as disintegrant.The disintegration time of dispersible formulation was

Objective To analyze retrospectively the result of nonspecific mastitis diagnosed by mammography and color Doppler's ultrasonic, and to improve the diagnosis accuracy of nonspecific mastitis as well as the ability to identify with breast cancer.Methods 31 cases of nonspecific mastitiswere examined by mammography and color Doppler's ultrasonic.All cases were punctured by biopsy or surgery, and confirmed by pathology.Results The coincidence rates between mammography and color Doppler's ultrasonic with pathology were 64.5% and 67.7% respectively.The coincidence rate between the combined mammography and color Doppler's ultrasonic with pathology were 87.1%.There was no statistically significant difference between the two separate inspection methods (P>0.05).Conclusion Mammography and color Doppler's ultrasonic have their own advantages in the diagnosis of nonspecific mastitis, and are easy to be confused with breast cancer.Combining mammography with ultrasonography can improve the accuracy of unspecific mastitis diagnosis and the ability to identify breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of the treatment of secretory otitis media with puncture combined with injection.MethodsThe control group was given tympanic membrane puncture combined with conventional drug treatment, and the experimental group was given combined with tympanic tympanic membrane puncture injection and conventional medicine for treatment.ResultsThe total effective rate of the experimental group (95.2%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (66.7%)(P<0.05);The incidence of complications in the experimental group (6.3%) was significantly lower than that in the control group(22.2%)(P<0.05).ConclusionClinical efficacy and safety of the treatment of secretory otitis media with puncture and injection.

Objective To study the mechanism of haze formation after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods 27 adult New Zealand white rabbits were employed in this study.24 of them received PRK in the right eye and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the left eye at the same time and under the same condition for -10\^00D ablation at once,24hour,1 week,2 week,1month,3 month,6 month and 12 month after surgery,the corneas were examined periodically by slip\|lamp microscopy for haze formation,and the both eyes of 3 rabbits were enucleated,the corneas were studies with light microscopy;transmission electron microscopy;immunohistochemical evaluation for extracellular matrix,including collagen type Ⅰ,type Ⅲ,type Ⅵ,cellular fibronection,tenascin and laminin;RT\|PCR detection for mRAN of collagen type Ⅰ. Results The incidence of haze was 100% after PRK.No haze formation after LASIK.Haze was located at the anterior stroma immediately adjacent to the ablated areas.The change of structure and composition which correlated with haze formation was due to a combination of the following factors:the basement membrane of corneal epithelium was discontinuous;A new layer of subepithelium tissue was synthesized;fibroblast was increased in number and activated;the collagen fibrils were disorganized.The diameter of fibrils and the space between the fibrils were irregular in the anterior stroma;The newly synthesized extracellular matrix inculding collagen type Ⅰ,type Ⅲ,type Ⅵ,cellular fibronection,tenascin and laminin were deposited in the anterior corneal stroma.Conclusion\ The formation and disappearing of haze was the result of interreaction between fibroblast and extracellular matrix.The destruction of basement membrane of corneal epithelium and Bowmen's member after PRK is initializing factor during haze formation.\;[

The effects of high frequency jet ventilation(HFJV) on brain resuscitation had been investigated in 28 cats in which simple brain functional failure was produced by occlusion of both carotid and both vertebral arteries. The results suggested that HFJV could improve endurance of cats when subjected to brain ischemia, raise the survival rate of cats with reversible brain functional failure, and prolong the survival time of cats with permernent brain functional failure. The mechanisms of how HFJ would exert beneficial effect on brain resuscitation was discussed.

The clonal proliferations of multiple myeloma cells consist of several signaling pathways.It has been shown that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway,an important intra-cellular messenger delivery system,is related to abnormal proliferation and apoptosis of malignant lymphoid cells including myeloma cells.Manipulating the cAMP signaling pathway could induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of various malignant lymphoid cells including myeloma cells,which involve mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and cAMP-modulated changes of intra-cellular mediators.In-depth researches and analysis of cAMP-induced apoptosis in myeloma cells would provide potential targets and possible therapeutic means in the treatment of multiple myeloma.

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans

Genome editing is defined as highly-effective and precise modification of cellular genome in a large scale. In recent years, such genome-editing methods have been rapidly developed in the field of industrial strain improvement. The quickly-updating methods thoroughly change the old mode of inefficient genetic modification, which is "one modification, one selection marker, and one target site". Highly-effective modification mode in genome editing have been developed including simultaneous modification of multiplex genes, highly-effective insertion, replacement, and deletion of target genes in the genome scale, cut-paste of a large DNA fragment. These new tools for microbial genome editing will certainly be applied widely, and increase the efficiency of industrial strain improvement, and promote the revolution of traditional fermentation industry and rapid development of novel industrial biotechnology like production of biofuel and biomaterial. The technological principle of these genome-editing methods and their applications were summarized in this review, which can benefit engineering and construction of industrial microorganism.
Biotechnology ; Fermentation ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Genome, Microbial ; Industrial Microbiology

DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; virology ; Vaccination