Objective To provide basis for the formulation of policies and measures that will reduce the work pressure on nurses and to provide them with a better working environment. Methods An investigation was made via questionnaires into 942 nurses working in designated SARS hospitals and a comprehensive analysis was conducted by means of multivariant stepwise regression. Results The major factors affecting the pressure on nurses include: lack of support from and communications with families, arduousness of tasks to an unbearable point, extreme strictness in management, and unsoundness of treatment and living conditions. Conclusion Good communications with families are of great significance to nurses working in isolated areas. It is imperative to rationally allocate the human resources of nurses, show more concern for them, encourage them to participate in management, and strengthen scientific prevention so as to create a better working environment.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the status quo of the application of Chinese traditional medicines andthe problemslie in the development of the application of Chinese traditional medicine.METHODS:The Chinese traditional medicines used in outpatients from Apr.2006to Apr.2007in our patient were analyzed statistically in respect of the consumption sum,con-sumption quantity and drug category.RESULTS:Leading the list in terms of consumption quantity in the outpatient depart-ment were heat-clearing drugs,detoxicating drugs,dampness-drying drugs and haemostatics.The utilization of Chinese traditional medicines in outpatients was standard on the whole,but there were still some irrational phenomena.CONCLU-SION:To enhance the curative efficacy of Chinese traditional medicines and standardize their use,the co-effort of both hospital staff and the society is much needed.

Kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty is an emerging process, and draws more and more attentions from scholars. Knee joint is close to normal joint after TKA through kinematical alighment, which has good clinical results and functional scores, and not increase failure probility. Thus, it may increase joint stress of patella-femur joint, lead to patellar maltracking and increase abrasion. The paper summarized defination and basical principle, operative method, clinical outcomes and deficiency of kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty, in order to choose a better way for kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a kind of stem cell with potential of self-repair and multi-differentiation. It may differentiate into neuron, adipose cell and osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE: To observe the transforming efficacy of human bone marrow mesencymal stem cells (hMSCs) into neurons in vitro in different generations so as to provide reliable experimental data for the clinical application of MSCs.DESIGN: Single sample was designed.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital,Jilin UniversityPARTICIPANTS: Marrow tissue was collected from 9 cases of spinal fusion in Department of Orthopedics of First Hospital affiliated to Jilin University. Of 9 cases, all of them were in known of the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Sino-Japan Hospital affiliated to Jilin University from September 2002 to February 2003. The primary and generative culture of hMSCs was given. Experimental and the control groups were divided.-mercaptoethanol was taken as inducer. hMSCs of the 2rd, 4th, 6th and 8th generations were selected for induction in vitro for 6 h. Cytochemistry staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to assay the expressions of neuronal and astrocytic marked proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth curve analysis on genera tive culture of hMSCs. ② Nissel staining. ③ Immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① Common characters of generative culture: The latent phase of generative culture was 12-24 hours, exponential phase was 7-10 days and 11-13 days later, cell culture entered the platform phase. ② After induction of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generated hMSCs, deep blue granular Nissl body presented in cytoplasm. In 6 hours on the 8th induction, there was no obvious deep blue Nissl structure presented in cytoplasm.③ Except GFAP, NSE and NF-M were expressed in hMSCs of different generations after induction for 6 hours. There was no significant difference in positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations (P ＞ 0.05), but the significant difference presented in comparison between the 8th generation and the 2nd, 4thand 6th generations (P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION:-mercaptoethanol can induce hMSCs differentiating into neuronal cells in vitro. The positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generationsare higher remarkably than the 8th generation.

This was a restrospective clinical study of 32 children with fractured anantierior tooth fragments. The teeth was reattached by dual cured resin composite (Panavia F), 3M Z350 resin and 3M siglebond-2 bonding agent for at least 6-month recall examination. Only 2 of the restorations were lost, resulting in a 93.75% overall retention rate. The retention teeth exhibited good esthetics and normal function. The high retention rate in this study suggests that reattachment of fractured anantierior tooth fragments offers a convenient viable restorative option for the clinician.

Objective To develop a simple new-type photographic device for the field battle and peace time,because of the function of the trivet of X-Ray machine is limited.Methods Circular chrome-plating seamless steel tubes,whose diameter is 4 cm and 5 cm respectively,were connected so as to constitute the arm structure in C shape and foundation in T shape.Results The simple new-type photographic device could project for patients in each kind of body posture and the range of focus adjustment could meet normal requirements.It was operated nimbly and freely.The material was durable and the structure was reasonable and stable.Conclusion The simple new-type photographic device meets the practical requirements in field battle and peace time.

Objective To investigate the role of CRKL activity in leukemia cells with muhidrug resistance and find new factor related to multidrug resistance. Methods By flow cytometry, CRKL activity was compared in K562, HL-60 cells and its resistance cells. The change of CRKL activity was observed in sensitive cells treated with and withdrawal daunorubicin. Results With the comparison of K562, HL-60 sensitive cells, in K562, HL-60 resistant cell lines, the level of CRKL phosphorylation in K562, HL-60 resistance cells treated with daunombicin 72 hours increased markedly. The level of CRKL phosphorylation was time-dependent with chemotherapy drugs, not change of CRKL activity was found in Jurkat ceils.Conclusion The level of CRKL activity is new factor related to muhidrug resistance in leukemia cells.

Objective To study the length changes of the inferior glenohumeral ligament(IGHL) during shoulder abduction with MRI and 3D software.Methods Fourteen right shoulder joints of 14 healthy volunteers were evaluated in 7 isometric abduction positions(0?,30?,60?,90?,120?,150?,and 180?) using MRI scanning.3D shoulder models were reconstructed and the attachment points of the ligaments were located.The shortest ligament lengths were calculated between each origin and insertion in 3D space for each abduction position.Results During shoulder abduction,the 3D distance of AIGHL was found to elongate and attained the maximal length at 120? abduction(54.5 mm?3.0 mm)(P

Objective To assess the accuracy and repeatability of real-time three-dimensional eehoeardiography (RT-3DE) for the measurements of left ventricular (LV) mass in elderly patients compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods A total of 31 patients (26 men) aged ≥60 years (72.1±6.6) years with various cardiovascular diseases were evaluated by MRI and RT- 3DE on the same day.RT-3DE was performed with a Philips iE-33 echocardiographic system, and LV mass was analyzed with the assistance of TomTec software.The results of LV mass obtained by manual tracing were compared with Signa 1.5-T MRI data.The acquisition of RT-3DE datasets was feasible in all 31 patients.Results A good correlation was observed between RT-3DE data with manual border detection and MRI for LV mass (r=0.869, y=0.943 x+11.69, SE= 19.09 g, P< 0.01), with a mean difference of (4.7±37.7)g.The average LV mass was (123.9±35.0)g (74.4-208.1 g) evaluated by MRI, and was (128.6±37.9)g (67.0-222.9 g) evaluated by RT-3DE.There was good inter- or intra-observer correlation between RT-3DE by two sonographers for LV mass.Conclusions The assessment of LV mass from RT-3DE data is feasible in elderly patients.The mass can be determined with high accuracy and low interobserver variability in elderly patients with adequate eehocardiographic image quality.

Objective To evaluate the expression of Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF-8) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in placentas and their relationship with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE).Methods Twenty-two women with PE (mild PE:4 cases; severe PE:18 cases) who received cesarean sections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2011 to March 2012 were recruited as the PE group (n =22).And twenty women who received elective term cesarean section without perinatal complications were chosen as the control group (n =20).Placentas were collected and immunohistochemical SP method were employed to detect the localization of KLF-8 protein.KLF-8 mRNA level was determined by quantitative real-time PCR technique and western blot analysis was used to quantify KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein levels.Results (1) There was no difference of KLF-8 protein distribution in placentas of the PE group and the control group.It was mainly located in the nuclear and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts.KLF-8 immunostaining was apparently decreased in the placentas of preeclamptic women when compared with the control group.(2)The KLF-8 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in placentas of the PE group (0.69 ±0.08) compared to those of the control group (1.14 ±0.09,P ＜0.01).(3) KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein levels significantly decreased in the PE placentas (0.68 ±0.05 and 0.21 ± 0.03) when compared to the control group (0.94 ± 0.06 and 0.34 ± 0.03,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).(4) There was a positive correlation between the expression of KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein in the placentas from PE and normal pregnancies (r =0.64,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions KLF-8 mRNA and protein levels were decreased in placentas of PE patients compared to those of normotensive women.KLF-8 protein was primarily located in the invasion-related trophoblast cells and its expression had a positive correlation with MMP-9 levels.KLF-8 might have an important role in the pathogenesis of PE by regulation of trophoblast invasion.