Objective: To study the mechanisms and treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Expression of E selectin was measured and the effect on suppression of E selectin by the Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate was investigated. Methods: Endothelial cells were exposed to hypoxia, then returned to reoxygenation condition. ELISA methods were used to detect expression of E selectin. Results: E selectin expression on hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulated endothelial cells increased, PDTC could suppress translation of E selectin effectively. Conclusion: It seems that E selectin may act as a critical factor. PDTC may prove beneficial in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective To explore the isometric attachment site of the posterolateral structure in the femoral lateral condyle and introduce the method of knee posterolateral complex(PLC) reconstruction with the semitendinosus tendon. Methods Isometric reconstruction of the chronic PLC injury of knee joint in 18 cases, were performed with the semitendinosus tendon from February 2001 to February 2005. Of all patients, there were 12 males and 6 females, average age was 39 years old(range, 19-52 years old). All cases were chronic injuries, with duration of 1.5-14 months. 3 cases were simple PLC injury, 10 cases were PLC injury with posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) injury, 2 of which had undergone PCL reconstruction about 6.5 months. 3 cases combined with anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury, 2 cases combined with ACL and PCL injury. To put in the double semitendinosus tendon from the bony tunnel of anatomical insertion of the fibular collateral ligment in caput fibulae and put out from the bony tunnel of anatomical insertion of the popliterofibular ligment in the caput fibulae, then fix them respectively in the isometic bony tunnel of the femoral lateral condyle. The posterolateral stability of the knee was evaluated mainly through examination varus instability of knee and external rotation range of leg. Results It was relatively isometric from the femoral attachment site of the popliteal tendon to the anatomical insertion of the popliterofibular ligment in the caput fibulae. The better isometric attachment site was from the anatomical caput fibulae attachment site to 8-10 mm in front of the anatomical femoral attachment site of the lateral collateral ligament. The average follow-up period was 14 months(12-24 months). There was no varus knee instability in full extension. At 30? flexion, one-grade varus instability was found in 2. At 30? and 90? flexion, external rotation range increased by 6? in 3 cases, remained the same in 14 cases, and decreased in 1 case, all compared with the healthy side. Conclusion The method provided good stability for the knee and acquired satisfactory clinical results.

Objective To observe the application of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (FNB) and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block (LFCNB) for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods 60 patients scheduled for hip fracture surgery undergoing LMA general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups,20 cases in each group.Before transfer patients from bed to operating table,A group received dezocine 5mg iv,B group received fascia iliaca compartment block(FICB),C group received FNB combined with LFCNB.40mL of 0.375％ ropivacaine was injected guiding by ultrasound in B group and C group.The time of sufficient sensory block and awake,the dosage of propofol and remifentanil,MAP and HR at pre-block (T1),20min after block (T2),transfer bed (T3),LMA insert (T4),skin incision(T5),LMA remove(T6) and sober(T7) were recorded.Pain was assessed using visual analogue scale(VAS) pre-and post block.The incidence of using vasoactive drugs,agitation,pain and adverse reaction were also recorded.Results The time of sufficient sensory block and awake,the dosage of propofol and remifentanil in A,B and C groups were as following:A group (not measured),(20.3 ± 1.3) min,(835 ± 6.7) mg,(1 285 ± 18) μg;B group (i2.2 ±2.7)min,(13.3 ± 1.4)min,(610 ±9.9)mg,(835 ± 15) μg;C group (9.7 ± 2.4)min,(12.8 ± 1.5) min,(555 ± 6.5) mg,(785 ± 16) μg.The time of awake,the dosage of propofol and remifentanil in B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group(F =2.62,2.41,2.45,all P ＜ 0.05).The time of sufficient sensory block in C group was lower than that in B group (p ＜ 0.05).The MAP and HR at T2,T3,T5 and T7 in A,B and C groups were:A group (115 ± 4) mmHg,(90 ± 8) beats/min,(135 ± 6) mmHg,(98 ± 8) beats/min,(104 ±6) mmHg,(87 ± 4) beats/min,(120 ± 5) mmHg,(88 ± 8) beats/min;B group (102 ± 3) mmHg,(81 ± 6) beats/min,(112 ± 5)mmHg,(82 ± 8)beats/min,(89 ±6) mmHg,(72 ± 3) beats/min,(100 ±6)mmHg,(76 ± 8) beats/min;Cgroup (100 ± 3) mmHg,(80 x 6) beats/min,(109 ± 6) mmHg,(83 ± 5) beats/min,(86 ± 5) mmHg,(70 ± 3) beats/min,(99 ± 5) mmHg,(75 ± 5) beats/min.The levels of MAP and HR in B group and C group were significantly lower thanthose in A group(F =2.25,2.85,2.87,2.91,all P ＜ 0.05).The VAS scores at T2,T3,and T7in A,B and C groupswere:A group (3.9 ± 0.7) points,(8.2 ± 0.3) points,(6.0 ± 0.8) points;B group (2.3 ± 0.4) points,(4.1 ±0.4) points,(2.2 ± 0.7) points;C group (2.1 ± 0.5) points,(2.4 ± 0.4) points,(1.2 ± 0.4) points.The VAS scoresin B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group (2.36,2.82,2.88,all P ＜ 0.05).The VASscores at transfer bed and sober in C group were significantly lower than those in B group (F =2.32,2.38,all P ＜0.05).The incidence of using ephedrine/atropine,urapidil/esmolol,PONV,agitation,pain and incision pain in A,Band C groups were:A group 30％,30％,25％,25％,40％;B group 10％,10％,0％,0％,10％;C group 10％,5％,0％,0％,0％.The number of patients who required vasoactive drugs and adverse reaction in B group and C group were significantly lower than those in A group(x2 =7.58,8.81,9.11,9.11,8.89,all P ＜0.05).The incidence of incision pain at sober in C group was lower than that in B group(x2 =9.21,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The ultrasound -guided FNB and LFCNB can obviously shorten the onset time,reduce the dosage of general anaesthetic and maintain the stability of henodynamics during the perioperative period.It has effective analgesia during transfer of patients from bed to operating table and sober.

To study the toxicokinetics of bakuchiol, hepatic and renal toxicity in rats after single oral administration of Psoraleae Fructus and combined with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, in order to provide scientific evidences for clinical safe medication use. A total of 35 SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups: vehicle (distilled water) control group, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, positive control (aristolochic acid A) group, Psoraleae Fructus (40 g x kg(-1)) group( both male and female rats), Psoraleae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (40 +20) g x kg(-1) group (both male and female rats). HPLC-UV method was used to determine the concentration of bakuchiol in rat plasma at different time points after single oral administration. Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), plasma creatinine (Cr), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1) were measured after administration for 24 h. The main toxicokinetics parameters of bakuchiol in rats exert significantly gender difference. When Psoraleae Fructus combination with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve( AUC), C(max), and plasma clearance (CL) of bakuchiol were increased, respectively; CL, half-life (t½) were decreased, and T(max) were prolonged. The biochemical indicators (including ALT, AST, BUN, Cr and KIM-1 level) in different dose of Psoraleae Fructus groups, were found no statistically significant difference when compared with vehicle control group. The level of NAG in both Psoraleae Fructus and compatibility with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma groups were significant increased (P < 0.05). There are obvious effects on toxicokinetics of bakuchiol in rats when Psoraleae Fructus combined with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Renal toxicity induced by Psoraleae Fructus at high dose was observed after single oral administration and no liver damage in rats was found.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Female ; Glycyrrhiza ; toxicity ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Phenols ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Psoralea ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; toxicity ; Toxicokinetics

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Elliptocytosis, Hereditary ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective To investigate the CT imaging characteristics of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the liver.Methods The CT, clinical and histopathologic data of 6 patients with MFH were analyzed retrospectively.All the cases were confirmed by surgery and histopathological examinations.Results The tumors were located in the right liver in 4 patients and the left liver in 2 patients.The maximum diameter of the tumors ranged from 5 to 20 cm.All the tumors were unevenly hypodense on plain CT scan.Four tumors had relatively well-defined margins, while 2 tumors had ill-defined margins.After contrast enhancement, the peripheral and internal divisions of the three storiform-pleomorptic MFH showed progressive enhancement.The peripheral and internal divisions of the two inflammatory MFH were obviously enhanced in the arterial phase, and the enhancement decreased in the portal and delayed phases.The hypodense areas of the one myxiod MFH were not enhanced, but the internal floc and divisions were progressive enhanced.On gross pathology, the tumors were round or irregular in shape, most had a complete capsule with multiple surrounding vessels.These findings correlated well with the CT findings.Conclusions CT findings of primary Hepatic MFH have some characteristics.The enhancement pattern is manifested in a fast wash-in and slow wash-out pattern.However, the final diagnosis still relies on histopathological examination.

Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional bowel disorder disease that affects life quality of a large number of people. This study aimed to explore the impact of different intensities of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment for FC patients. Totally, 111 patients with FC meeting the Rome III criteria were randomly assigned to different intensities of EA groups (low and high intensity of EA groups) and medicine-controlled (MC) group. In EA groups, patients were treated with EA at quchi (LI11) and shangjuxu (ST37) bilaterally for 4 weeks, 5 times/week in the first 2 weeks, and 3 times/week in the last 2 weeks. In MC group, 5 mg mosapride citrate was administered orally 3 times/day for 4 weeks. Spontaneous bowel movement frequency each day was recorded using a constipation diary. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the patients' psychological state. Cortisol (CORT), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were evaluated at baseline and at the end of 4 weeks after treatment. As compared with the baseline, there was statistically significant increase in stool frequency every week (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups. As compared with the baseline, after 4 weeks of EA therapy, the scores of SDS and serum levels of CORT were decreased significantly in low intensity of EA group (P<0.01), and the serum levels of SP and VIP were increased significantly (P<0.05); the scores of SAS and SDS and serum levels of CORT were decreased significantly in high intensity of EA group (P<0.05), and the serum levels of SP and VIP were increased significantly (P<0.05); the serum levels of CORT and VIP were increased significantly in MC group (P<0.05). As compared with MC group, after 4 weeks of treatment, the serum levels of SP were signifcicantly increased in low intensity of EA group (P<0.01). Low and high intensities of EA could increase the stool frequency, improve the FC patient's anxiety and depression, reduce the serum levels of CORT, and increase the serum levels of SP and VIP effectively. It is concluded that both low and high intensities of EA are effective for FC patients, but there is no significant difference between the low and high intensities of EA.

BACKGROUND: As a micro-injurying and reduplicative treatment of osteoarthritis,the arthroscopic debridement has got the affirmation of numerous scholars. But as one of the standard procedures in artnroscopic debridement,synovectomy is called in question recently.OBJECTIVE: To explore the applied value of synovectomy in the arthroscopic debridement of osteoarthritis.DESIGN: Retrospective controlled analysis.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Fushun Central Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-five patients received synovectomy in the arthroscopic debridement of knee joint osteoarthritis in the Department of Orthopaedics,Fushun Central Hospital from February 1997 to December 2000.Thirty-two among them,with complete data and over 1 year's followup,were taken for synovectomy group. Forty-eight patients received the arthroscopic debridement of knee joint osteoarthritis without synovectomy in the Department of Orthopaedics,Fushun Central Hospital from January 2001 to November 2003.Thirty among them,with complete data and over 1 year's follow-up,were taken for control group.METHODS: Synovectomy was taken as the factor of intervention in the operation to perform grouping. The analysis of curative effect was performed to control with joint douching,corpus liberum removal,osteophyma cleaning,meniscus fitting,cartilage gouging,synovectomy and without synovectomy or part synovectomy. Lysholm evaluation standard of knee joint osteoarthritis was used to the knee joint functional evaluation beween preoperation and postoperative 1 year in two groups. And operative time,postoperative draining quantity,postoperative 7-day visual analog score,postoperative 1-year Lysholm score of knee joint, were recorded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preoperative and postoperative 1-year Lysholm score of knee joint,operative time,postoperative draining quantity,postoperative 7-day visual analog score.RESULTS: Sixty-two patients were included and all of them entered the result analysis.The preoperative patients in two groups were comparable with each other and the differences of Lysholm score were not significant (t=0.127,P=0.899).The operative time was longer in synovectomy group than in control group,the differences were significant (t=9.547,P ＜ 0.001)and the postoperative draining quantity was more in synovectomy group.The postoperative visual analog score was bigger in synovectomy group than in control group and the differences were significant [the scores of synovectomy and control groups were respectively (4.6±1.1),(2.8±1.4),t=6.206,P ＜ 0.001].The differences of knee joint score in 1-year follow-up were not significant [the scores of synovectomy and control groups were respectively (77.6±11.9),(79.0± 10.3),t=0.562,P=0.576].CONCLUSION: Synovectomy can not increase the curative effect in the near future in the arthroscopic debridement of osteoarthritis. On the contrary,the operative time was longer,the operative wound was larger and postoperative reaction was more serious. It should not be used in the debridement generally.

Objective To explore associations between SG13S114A/T and SG13S32A/C polymorphisms of ALOX5AP gene and the genetic susceptibility of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) in Henan Han population.Methods Two hundred and forty-six ICVD patients and 245 healthy controls were recruited from Han population in Henan province. Polymorphisms of SG13S114A/T and SG13S32A/C in ALOX5AP gene were genotyped in these samples by SnaPshot minisequencing method.Each genotype frequency and allele frequency were statistically analyzed and compared between ICVD group and control group using SPSS16.0 software.Haplotype and linkage disequilibrium were analyzed by SHEsis software.Results The SG13S114 AA genotype frequency ( 18.7％ ) and A allele frequency (41.3％) in ICVD group were significantly higher than those in control group (9.0％ and 32.7％,respectively; P =0.002 and P =0.005 ).It was also found that in male ICVD group and in younger ICVD group ( ＜50 years old),the SG13S114 AA genotype frequencies (22.1％ and 22.0％,respectively) and A allele frequencies (42.1％ and 42.7％,respectively) were significantly higher than those in male control group and younger control group (SG13S114 AA genotype:9.0％ and 8.9％ ; P =0.010 and P =0.006,respectively) ;A allele frequencies,34.0％ and 32.0％ ; P =0.048 and P =0.020,respectively.Finally,the prevalence of A-A haplotype in ICVD group was significantly higher than that in control group(30.4％ vs 23.5％,OR =1.419,95％ CI 1.068-1.885,P =0.015).T-C haplotype frequency of ICVD group was significantly lower than that in control group (22.0％ vs 28.8％,OR =0.698,95％ CI 0.523-0.932,P =0.014 ).Conclusions The A allele in SG13S114 loci of ALOX5AP may be a genetic risk factor for ICVD in Han population in Henan province.The association is predominant in ICVD patients of male and younger than 50 years old.Maybe A-A haplotype increases the risk of ICVD and T-C haplotype and has a protective effect against ICVD in Henan Han population.

Objective To investigate CT appearances of abdominal primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH).Methods The CT characteristics,clinical features and pathological data of 1 7 patients with MFH proved pathologically were analyzed retrospectively. Results The lesions located in retroperitoneum were 6,in liver were 5,in kidney were 2,in superior mesentery was 1,in greater omentum was 1,in stomach was 1,in ileum was 1.The lesions are oval shape,lobulated,nodule shape,and the size of these lesions were large. 2 cases of MFH located in gastrointestinal tract were slightly low density,and the remaining were uneven high density due to necro-sis.In CT contrast enhanced scan,the solid portion and internal divisions showed progressive or continuous enhancement,and the nec-rosis were not enhanced in MFH located in the retroperitoneum,the greater omentum,the superior mesentery and the liver.MFH in kidney was poorly circumscribed and showed mild progressive enhancement lower than normal renal parenchyma.The stomach and ileum lesions showed uniform and continuous enhancement with normal gastrointestinal mucosa in corresponding parts.Conclusion Imaging features of retroperitoneal MFH were the same as those of interstitial tumors,and most tumors showed features of progres-sive and persistent enhancement,but have different imaging appearances with the malignant lesions in corresponding parts.