Objective To investigate the efficacy of clinical case-based PBL in clinical practice in department of urology.Methods Medical students admitted by our clinical medical school in 2006 and 2007 were involved.Fifty-six students of 2007 grade were chosen as study group while 49students of 2006 grade as control group.Students in study group were taught by clinical case-based PBL method while those in control group by traditional method.All results were analyzed by SPSS 11.0.Results The scores in study group were higher than those in control group with statistical differences (82.84 ± 12.35 vs.72.95 ± 11.13 ; t =4.29,P ＜ 0.01).Students in study group showed more interests in practice lessons.Teachers were more satisfied with the overall performance of students in study group.Conclusions Clinical case-based PBL can increase students' overall performance such as better coordination,better clinical skills and better open-minded clinical case solution.

Elf-1 (E74-like factor 1) is a member of Ets transcription factor family,which participated in physiological and pathological process of cells proliferation,differentiation and tumorigenesis. In this review,we summarize that Elf-1 is related to T cell differentiation and development,tumor and autoimmune disease.

Objective: To study the effect of volatile oils from Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anisaldehyde, anethole and water extracts on the percutaneous penetration of 5 fluorouracil. Methods: With Valia Chien horizontal diffusion cell and HPLC method to observe the effect of volatile oils of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anisaldehyde, anethole on the percutaneous penetration of 5 fluorouracil. Results: The volatile oils of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anethole, anisaldehyde possessed the high promoting action on percutaneous absorption of 5 fluorouracil, and their enhancement ratio are 7.14, 4.17, 9.54, respectively. Conclusion: The volatile oils of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anethole, anisaldehyde enhance the skin permeation of 5 fluorouracil effectively.

BACKGROUND: After trauma, dermal sheath cells can directly participate in the repair of dermal injury or transfer into fibroblasts, which join in skin repair. OBJECTIVE: To establish models of rat hair follicles, to investigate and analyze the histology and ultrastructure of dermal component during wound healing, and to explore the potential of hair follicle tissues for dermal healing. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The control animal experiment was conducted at the Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from September 2007 to April 2008. MATERIALS: Eighteen Sprague Dawley (SD) rats weighing 200-250 g were used to prepare models of hair follicle units and mini-epidermis transplantation on wound. METHODS: Rat hair follicle units were cut from lateral vibrissa pad skin. Incision was sutured. Vibrissa pad hair follicles were cut with a sharp tool to collect hair follicle with papilla, surrounding tissues and partial surface. Hair follicle units were implanted into the wound, 5-7 units in each wound. Epidermis and some dermic skin were obtained from full-thickness skins of rats in the mini-epidermis transplantation group, and then trimmed into 3?3 mm size, 5-7 mini-epidermis in each wound. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The wound specimens were obtained at the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th weeks postoperatively. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, Picric-sirius red stain and AWMSEM (alkaline water maceration scanning electron microscope) were performed, and observed under a polarization microscope and scanning electron microscope. The images were processed and analyzed with computerized image analysis system. RESULTS: No significant difference in type and quantity of collagen matrix was detected in both groups at the early phase after wounding. The type Ⅲ collagens kept reducing as time elapsed, but type Ⅰ increased. At 5 weeks after wounding, the ratios of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen increased in both groups, especially in the control group. Significant differences were detected between both groups (P

Cardiac stroke is a stroke that occurs when a heart mural thrombus falls off and embolizes in the cerebral arterial system caused by various causes of heart disease, accounting for about 30% of all ischemic strokes. At present, in order to find evidence that emboli may originate from the heart, a large number of auxiliary examinations are needed. Good blood biomarkers are essential for the rapid identification of ischemic stroke in the emergency department. However, there is no breakthrough in this area. Brain natriuretic peptide is secreted in ventricular muscle and hypothalamus. It may be an important bridge between brain and heart diseases. However, the application of brain natriuretic peptide in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiogenic stroke is still very limited. This article reviews the current research status of brain natriuretic peptide levels and cardiogenic stroke and proposes further research trends and prospects.

Biomarkers ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans

Objective: Observing the effect of injecting 5- Fu into the mass of breast hyper-plasia. Methods: We randomly divide the 80 mastopathy patients into two groups ,40 patients ac-cepted the 5- Fu local injection (experiment group),and 40 patients taken orally rubixiaopian and ta-moxifen(control group). The clinical effects of the breast pain and breast lump were observed. Re-sults: The total effect of 5- Fu local injection into the lump of the mastopathy patients was 92.5 % , while control group was 75.0% , its difference was significant(P0.05)in the treatment of mastopathy lump. Conclusion: 5- Fu local injection had obvious effects to breast pain and breast lump of mastopathy.

Objective To investigate the the expression of soluble Fas (sFas) in the placenta of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) patients after perinatal. Methods Expression of sFas were detected by Fluorescent MGB Probe Real-Time PCR in 34 severe PIH patients and 30 healthy pregnant women served as normal controls.Results Expression of placenta sFas in 34 patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls.Conclusion PIH patients' placenta had higher expressiom of sFas; Detection of sFas may be helpful to value PIH degrade and sFas would be become a indicative markers of cell proliferation and apoptosis during the perinatal period.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of interferon alpha (IFNα) plus adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) and tebivudine (LdT) monotherapy for patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who have poor response to IFNα treatment.Methods A total of 86 HBeAg positive CHB patients admitted to the Sixth People' s Hospital of Shaoxing during February 2010 and April 2013 were enrolled in the study.All the patients received IFNα monotherapy for 24 weeks and had poor responses.The patients were voluntarily divided into three groups:IFNα monotherapy group (n =21),IFNα plus ADV group (n =30) and LdT monotherapy group (n =35).Chi-square test was used to compare ALT normalization rates,rate of HBV DNA load ＜ 500 copies/mL,HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg seroconversion rates among three groups.Results After 48 weeks of treatment,the ALT normalization rate in IFNα monotherapy group was 52.6％ (10/19),which was lower than those in IFNα plus ADV group (86.7％,26/30) and LdT monotherapy group (84.8％,28/33) (x2 =6.913 and 6.361,P ＜ 0.05).The rate of HBV DNA load ＜500 copies/mL in IFNα monotherapy group was 26.3％ (5/19),which was lower than those in IFNα plus ADV group (60.0％,18/30) and LdT monotherapy group (54.5％,18/33) (x2 =11.33 and 3.895,P ＜0.05).No HBeAg negative conversion or seroconversion was observed in IFNα monotherapy group,but it was observed in 6 (20.0％,6/30) patients in IFNαt plus ADV group and 7 (21.2％,7/33) patients in LdT monotherapy group (x2 =4.330 and 4.657,P ＜ 0.05).No HBsAg seroconversion was observed in three groups.There were no statistical significant differences in ALT normalization rates,rate of HBV DNA load ＜ 500 copies/mL,HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg seroconversion rates between IFNαt plus ADV group and LdT monotherapy (x2 =0.042,0019 and 0.064,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion For patients with HBeAg positive CHB who had poor response to IFNα treatment,IFNα plus ADV therapy and LdT monotherapy have the same efficacy in improvement of both liver function and virological response.