CD40 Ligand ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

In traditional clinical application, Coptidis Rhizome and Evodiae Fructus have been combined to treat various stomach heat and cold syndromes, gastritis, gastric ulcer and the like. With the application of modem instruments and the development of molecular pharmacologic theory, their chemical constituents and pharmacological effects have been sufficiently studied. In this paper, literatures from Pubmed were adopted, with particular emphasis on findings of international counterparts and studies on compatibility of main chemical components in Coptidis Rhizoma and Evodiae Fructus, in order to elaborate on the scientific comparability of Coptidis Rhizoma and Evodiae Fructus through chemical analysis, and pharmacological and biopharmaceutics studies and introduce the future development trend of the studies.
Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Humans ; Ranunculaceae ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Along with the popularity of youth movement, the incidence of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) showed a trend of increase, but its pathogenesis is not yet clear. Previous studies suggested that trauma is the main potential cause, but with the emergence of vast family cases, hereditary factor is also gradually taken seriously. Arthroscopy is the "gold standard" for diagnosing OCD, but for the patient with early incomplete joint surface lesions, the diagnositic value of MRI is better than the arthroscopy. For the patients with stable form OCD, nonoperative management should be used such as adjusting activity, fixator and drugs; for the patient with unstable form OCD or failing after conservative treatment, surgery should be generally used such as joint clearing, drilling, microfracture method, fixation and transplantation. With the progress of research, stem cell technology and platelet-rich plasma gradually applied in cartilage repair, which will improve the curative effect of OCD, but still further clinical and experimental research, and also a long-term effective follow-up are needed.
Humans ; Osteochondritis Dissecans ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

This research is to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprints of Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba and their activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. HPLC fingerprints of each extract of Moutan Cortex,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were established by an optimized HPLC-MS method. The activities of all samples against protein and tumor necrosis a factor were tested by the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. The possible relationship between HPLC-MS fingerprints and the activitieswere deduced by the Partial least squares regression analysis method. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS to identify the major peaks. The results showed that each sample had some effect on acute lung injury. Four components with a lager contribution rate of efficacy were calculated by the research of spectrum-effect relationship. Moutan Cortex exhibited good activity on acute lung injury, and gallic acid, paeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin and paeonol were the main effective components.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gallic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

AIMTo investigate the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced myocardial dysfunction, and explore the related underlying mechanisms.

METHODSExperimental septic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg x kg(-1)). The study was carried out on the isolated rat hearts to determine the roles of ET-1 and NO in the effect of LPS on the cardiac contractility and on the isolated rat ventricular myocytes model to observe the [Ca2+]i homeostasis in cardiac myocytes.

RESULTS(1) The levels of serum NO2-/NO3- and plasma ET-1 were markedly increased by LPS treatment for 4 hours. (2) LPS induced the decrease in rate-pressure product (RPP), and increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in the isolated perfused rat hearts. Pretreatment with either aminoguanidine (AMG) (100 mg x kg(-1), i.p.) or BQ-123 (1 mg x kg(-1), i.p.) partially attenuated LPS-induced myocardial depression. When these two drugs were simultaneously given, myocardial depression elicited by LPS was almost abolished. (3) LPS significantly decreased the amplitude of caffeine induced [Ca2+]i transients compared to the control cells. The activity of SR Ca22+ -ATPase was significantly decreased in the cardiac myocytes from LPS-treated rats. Single pretreatment with either AMG or BQ-123 did not attenuate the impairment of SR Ca2+ -ATPase induced by LPS.

CONCLUSIONET-1 and NO mediate myocardial dysfunction in hearts isolated and decrease [Ca2+]i transients in cardiac myocytes from LPS-treated rats. But neither ET-1 nor NO participates in the impairment of SR Ca2+ -ATPase induced by LPS.

Animals ; Depression, Chemical ; Endothelin-1 ; physiology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction ; drug effects ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Septic ; chemically induced ; physiopathology

Objective To evaluate the technical success rate,effectiveness and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)via the omental branch in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)with blood supply from the omental branch. Methods 45 patients with HCC fed by the omental branch who had undergone TACE were evaluated retrospectively.Results All patients had undergone several therapeutic procedures including TACE before the revelation of the blood supply from the omental branch,8 patients had a history of surgery of hepatic resection for HCC.45 patients had 48 tumors total,52 omental branches were observed angiographically,48 omental branches (9 2%)were successfully embolized.Stenosis or occlusion of the hepatic artery was observed in 37 patients(82%).The alpha fetoprotein (AFP)levels were reduced from 5.05－4 246.89 ng/mL(mean,1 748.52 ng/mL)before treatment to 3.78－1 048.32 ng/mL(mean,287.46 ng/mL)after TACE 4－6 weeks later.The tumors diminished in size in 32 patients,stabilized in 13 patients(29%),however,recurred 2－6 months (mean,3 months)after TACE.28 patients died after 6－18 months (mean,10 months),17 patients were alive for 3－32 months (mean,14 months),but tumor recurred in 8 patients.Severe complications were not observed in any patient.Conclusion TACE via the omental branch is safe,effective and had high technical success rate,it is important to embolize all the feeding arteries at the same time for reducing the recurrence rate.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive therapy on treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 40 cases hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into two groups, 20 cases were received the minimally invasive drainage therapy and 20 cases medicine therapy.Results Effective rate was high(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of exteral use of papaverine cream on enhancement of skin graft.

METHODSFive mini-pigs were used for the study. 20 full-thickness wounds were created on the back of each animal. Along the midline of the abdomen, a 40 cm x 2 cm full-thickness skin graft was harvested and the wound sutured.The full-thickness graft was prepared and trimmed to 2 cm x 2 cm of 0.6 mm thickness split-skin grafts, which were transplanted to each wound with tie-over bolsters. The sutures were removed 2 weeks after the operation. Twelve pairs of 100%-survived skin grafts were selected and divided into group A (the left side) and group B (the right side), with each pair locating on the same and opposite position. From the day of suture removal, 2% papaverine cream was used to group A while plain cream was used to group B. The grafts were measured and observed for healing condition at the time of suture removal and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth month. The surface area of the graft was measured and the shrinking ratio was calculated. After the animals were killed at the sixth month, samples of the skin grafts were taken and processed with 10% formalin, routine paraffin wax and Hematoxylin-eosin staining. The tissue structure was observed and the results were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSThe grafts in two groups did not have significant differences at the time of suture removal. Observations from the first to the sixth month showed that the two groups had significant differences in skin graft contracture and histological changes. HE stains demonstrated that the skin grafts in group A had less fibroblasts, more microvessels and orderly-arranged collagenous fibers.

CONCLUSIONSExternal use of papaverine cream can inhabit the contraction of skin grafts. It is a safe, effective, simple, and reliable method,which has the advantages of easy delivery,cheapness, less injury and infection,and no side effects.

Animals ; Contracture ; prevention & control ; Male ; Papaverine ; pharmacology ; Skin Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

The aim of this study is to investigate absorption-promoting mechanism of enhancers and the transport pathway of large hydrophilous molecular across rat nasal epithelium by electron spin resonance (ESR) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) technologies. In the experiment, recombinant hirudin-2 (rHV2) was chosen as a large hydrophilic molecular model drug. After nasal administration in rats the bioavailability of rHV2 with or without various enhancers was compared. The effects of enhancers on membrane lipid fluidity and protein conformation were measured with 5-deoxyl-stearic acid (5-DSA), 16-deoxyl-stearic acid (16-DSA) and 3-maleidoproxyl (MSL) labeling ESR. The effects of enhancers on cytoskeletal F-actin of rat nasal epithelium and FITC-rHV2 transport pathway across rat nasal epithelium were performed by CLSM combined with fluorescence labeling. 0.5% Chitosan (CS), 5% hydroxyl-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin ( HP-beta-CD) and 1% ammonium glycyrrhizinate (AMGZ) were all able to significantly increase the nasal absorption of rHV2. CS could result in the paracellular pathway transport of FITC-rHV2 which seemed related to a transient effect on tight junctions. HP-beta-CD could cause paracellular and transcellular route transport of FITC-rHV2 by influencing upon membrane protein as well as lipid fluidity. AMGZ seemed to enhance the transcellular route transport of FITC-rHV2, and could exert some influence on membrane protein but not on lipid fluidity. So how it brought out this result needs further research. Present experiment may become a useful reference for promoting mechanism of enhancers and the transport pathway of large hydrophilic molecular across nasal epithelium research.
2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin ; Absorption ; Administration, Intranasal ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Biological Transport ; drug effects ; Chitosan ; pharmacology ; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; pharmacology ; Hirudins ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Proteins ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVESTo study the effects of trichostatin A (TSA) on protein-protein interaction between HBx and histone deacetylase protein 1 (HDAC1).

METHODSBoth HBx and HDAC1 expressing vectors were constructed by the method of routine molecular cloning. The expression of HBx and HDAC1 were observed by Western blot assay. The protein-protein interaction was tested between HBx and HDAC1 by GST pull-down in vitro as well as co-immunoprecipitation in vivo.

RESULTSBoth HBx and HDAC1 expressing vectors were successfully constructed. Protein-protein interaction between HBx and HDAC1 existed both in vitro and in vivo. TSA, an inhibitor of HDAC1, had no effect on the interaction between HBx and HDAC1.

CONCLUSIONSHBx interacts with HDAC1 in vivo and in vitro in a non- TSA dependent way.

Histone Deacetylase 1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; metabolism ; Immunoprecipitation ; Plasmids ; Protein Interaction Mapping ; Trans-Activators ; metabolism