Purpose CT spectroscopy imaging was used in the preoperative differentiation evaluation of renal clear cell carcinoma, to access its malignant degree preoperatively, and to guide the operation treatment. Materials and Methods The spectral characteristics of 40 patients with renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC) were analyzed retrospectively, all the RCCC patients underwent gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) scans, to obtain spectral serial images for the arterial phase and medulla phase. Spectral characteristic parameters and spectrum curve between different grades of renal cell carcinoma was compared, and the results were compared with pathology. Results Among the 40 cases of patients, carcinoma of grade I, II and III were 13 cases, 15 cases and 12 cases respectively. CT value ratio of renal clear cell carcinoma of grade I, II and III under 70 keV were 1.17±0.25, 0.84±0.85 and 0.64±0.19 (F=23.697, P<0.05) in arterial phase and 0.83±0.12, 0.64±0.07 and 0.54±0.08 (F=30.975, P<0.05) in medulla phase;iodine concentration ratio was 1.19±0.40, 0.60±0.10 and 0.25±0.94 (F=32.932, P<0.05) in arterial phase, and 0.69±0.18, 0.43±0.94 and 0.26±0.51 (F=28.673, P<0.05) in medulla phase. Spectrum curve slope of renal clear cell carcinoma of grade I, II, III in arterial phase was 4.00±1.24, 2.16±0.95 and 0.92±0.64 (F=23.392, P<0.05), and 3.54±1.20, 2.70±0.71 and 1.20±0.44 (F=24.272, P<0.05) in medulla phase. Differences of water concentration in arterial and medulla phase between renal clear cell carcinoma with different grade were not statistically signiifcant (P>0.05). Conclusion The differences of CT value, energy spectrum curve slope, iodine value under CT spectroscopy single energy imaging between renal clear cell carcinoma with different nuclear grade were statistically signiifcant, which can be expected to provide the basis for preoperative therapy selection.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among residents in Shuimogou district of Urumqi city and to compare the differences between the Uygur and Han Populations. Methods Adopting cluster sampling, a survey of diabetes mellitus was conducted in Shuimogou district in June, 2008. Data of total 2420 subjects aged over 18 years with complete data, including background information of each individual, blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose and so on, were analyzed in this study. The criterion of the China Diabetes society (CDS) in 2004 was applied for diagnosis. Results The crude prevalence rates of MS were 12.85% in total, 14.91% in male and 7.39% in female, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence rates of MS were 9.93% in total, 13.58% in male and 6.11% in female. The prevalence rates of MS in male was higher than that in female (P0.05). The prevalence rates of components of MS were 43.31% for obesity, 30.08% for hypertension, 25.79% for hypertriglyceridemia and 16.28 % for hyperglycosemia. Among the four factors above, there were about 65% subjects who had at lest one abnormal factor according to the CDS criterion. Conclusion There were no differences in the prevalence rates of MS between the Uygur and Han populations. However, the prevalence rate of MS in male was higher than that in female. More than half subjects had at least one abnormal metabolic factor.

D-D4FC (?-D-2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine),a new anti-HIV drug,is on its PhaseⅡ clinical trials in America,France and Germany. Our lab has synthesized D-D4FC successfully using N-deoxyribosyltransferase from Lactobacillus helveticto catalyzing the ribose transfer from D4T (?-D-2′,3′-unsaturated thymidine) to 5-FC (5-fluorocytidine).The yield of D-D4FC reached 25%.We discovered the reaction could also be done by using intact cells.The yield could increase to 50% in 12.5 hours and more convenient to industrial continuous process.In this paper,the conditions including pH,buffer,substrates concentration,cells amount,reaction time and a possible catalytic mechanism were studied and discussed.

AlM: To observe the early tear film changes after trabeculectomy using Keratograph 5M.METHODS:Fourty-one patients (46 eyes) of glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy were involved. First tear break up time ( FTBUT ) , average tear break up time (ATBUT), non-invasive tear meniscus height (NlTMH), lipid layer thickness and meibomian gland scores were measured at 1d preoperatively and at 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperatively.RESULTS:At 1d, 1wk and 1mo postoperatively, FTBUT and ATBUT decreased greatly (P<0. 05), as well as lipid layer thickness (P<0. 017). NlTMH at 1d postoperatively increased significantly, but at 1wk and 1mo postoperatively decreased greatly (P<0. 05). There was no significantly difference in meibomian gland scores between preoperation and postoperation (P>0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Keratograph 5M could be used to evaluate tear film function rapidly and accurately. Trabeculectomy significantly alters tear film stability and tear secretion in the short term after operation.

The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis ( MS) involves alterations to multiple pathways and processes, which represent a significant challenge for developing more-effective therapies.In MS, abnormalities have been identified in several cytokine-signaling pathways, as well as those of other immune receptors.Among the downstream molecules implicated are Jak/Stat, NF-κb, ERK1/2, p38 or Jun/Fos, current MS drugs target some of these pathways.This article will with the aid of the latest research results of systems biology approaches that study pathway dysregulation in the process of MS development, targeting these relevant MS-signaling pathways, offers the opportunity to accelerate the development of novel individual or combination therapies for the future of new drug research.

Background Corneal chemical burns,especially hazards of alkali burn become increasingly prominent.Clinically,anti-inflammatory,immuno-suppression,corneal transplantation are the common treating method for corneal alkali burn.But the research of tissue repair under the microenvironment of corneal alkali burn is necessary.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of deproteinised calf serum eye gel on the corneal alkali burn.Methods Alkali burn model of cornea was established on the right eyes by putting the filter paper with 0.5 mol/L NaOH on the center cornea for 1 minute in 24 white rabbits.The model rabbits were divided randomly into 4 groups.Normal saline solution,deproteinised calf serum eye gel,blank matrix gel or recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor(rb-bFGF)eye-gel was topically administered 4 times per day for 14days in the 4 groups,respectively.The inflammatory reaction was examined under the slit lamp and scored based on Ando' s criteria.Corneal fluorescine staining was performed to calculate the corneal ulcer area and scored based on Trousdale' s criteria.Histopathological examination of corneas was performed on the fourtcenth day after experiment.The use of the experiment animals complied with ARVO Statement.Results Corneal edema and opacification were seen in the model eyes with the modeling successful rate 100％.On the seventh day after experiment,the severe ulcer of cornea and hypopyon appeared in the normal saline solution group.Corneal epithelium was intact but the intrarocular structure was invisible in the blank matrix gel group.In th(c) rb-bFCF group,corneal new vessels were seen,however,the corneal ulcer completely regrow in the deproteinised calf serum eye gel group.In 3,5,7,10 and 14days after examination,the corneal inflammatory scores were significantly lower in the deproteinised calf serum eye gel group and rb-bFGF group than those of the normal saline solution(P＜0.01).No significant difference was found in the inflammatory score between the deproteinised calf serum eye gel group and rb-bFGF group (P＞0.05) but was significantly lower than the blank gel matrix group (P ＜ 0.05).With respect to the corneal ulcer,the score was decreased in the deproteinised calf serum eye gel group compared with the normal saline solution group and blank gel matrix group (P ＜ 0.05).Howcver,no significant difference was found in the corneal ulcer score between the deproteinised calf serum eye gel group and rb-bFGF group in various time points (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Deproteinised calf serum eye gel can promote the healing of corneal ulcer and remit the inflammatory response afler corneal alkali burns with a better effectiveness than rb-bFGF.

Objective To probe the effect of transareolar or mastoscopy assisted breast-conserving surgery combined with open axillary lymph node dissection in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods Nineteen patients, with breast cancer of a diameter cm from the nipple, were treated by transareolar or mastoscopy assisted breast-conserving surgery from August 2001 to November 2003.After the lipolysis and suction of axillary fat,open axillary lymph node dissection was performed. Results Intraoperative frozen pathological examination had showed positive margin in 1 case, in which an enlarged excision was required to obtain a negative result. Postoperative subcutaneous edema underlying the operated site occurred in 2 cases and was cured by needle aspiration and pressure dressing. Excellent cosmetic outcomes were obtained with symmetrical breast development and all the patients were satisfied with the treatment. Postoperative follow-up for 2～19 months (mean, 10.6 months) found no recurrence in the breast or the axillary fossa. Conclusions Breast-conserving surgery can be expediently carried out by means of transareolar incision or with the help of mastoscopy. The combination with open axillary lymph node dissection may give favorable effect.

Objective To investigate the clinical and skeletal muscular pathological features of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia(CPEO).Methods The clinical and skeletal muscular pathological data of 6 patients with CPEO were analyzed retrospectively.Results All of the 6 patients onset were 4 to 18 years old.The first symptom was blepharoptosis.The clinical mainly manifestations were limited activity of eyeball,accompanied with limbs muscle fatigue,weakness and level elevatation of serum creatine kinase(CK).5 cases had myogenic changes in electromyography(EMG).The skeletal muscular pathological examination showed that the ragged red fibers(RRF)were scattered among the muscle fibers,and the deficient or absent of COX activity in many fibers.A few degenerating and necrotic fibers were observed in 4 cases.Lipid-drops were increased by oil red "O" stain in 3 cases.Electromicroscope showed that abnormal mitochondria increased in number and aggregated under sarcolemma or in cytoplasm.Crystalloid inclusion body could be observed.Conclusions The clinical mainly features of CPEO are external ophthalmoplegia and accompanied with limbs weakness.RRF and COX activity deficiency or absence according to skeletal muscle pathology can be suggest and support the diagnosis of CPEO.Gene sequencing based on skeletal muscle biopsy is necessary to make the final diagnosis of CPEO.

After the types and characteristics of medical and health information websites in China were described , the problems existed on these websites and the reasons why they occurred were analyzed with some suggestions pro-posed for the development of medical and health information websites in China , such as controlling them by national policies and regulations, working out quality control standards, encouraging and supporting high level websites, es-tablishing needs-based medical and health resources database .

Objective To research the toxicokinetics model of lead acetate in the domestic rabbits.Methods Injecting lead acetate into the vein of the domestic rabbit at the dose of 3 mg/kg,then the blood was collected at the 10th,20th,30th,60th,90th,120th,180th,240th and 360th min.The concentrations of the blood lead were measured by differential potentiometric stripping analysis,the data were analyzed by DAS2.0 software.Results The linear was at the range of 10 to 50 ?g/ml,the major toxicokinetics parameters were:t1/2? = 8.60 min,t1/2? = 67.69 min,t1/2? = 729.84 min,V1= 77 033.08 L/kg,CL = 709.27 L/(min?kg),AUC(0-t) = 3 106.59 ng/(L?min).According to the smallest principle of AIC,the lead concentration in vivo conformed to the three compartmental models in domestic rabbit after injecting lead acetate at 3 mg/kg.Conclusion The lead concentration conforms to the three compartmental models in the domestic rabbit after intravascular injection of lead acetate,and it is eliminated according to the first order processes.