Objective The insulin pathways within ovary are in close relationship with female reproductive ability .The arti-cle was to observe the effects of ovarian insulin resistance on ovarian function and the effects of cryptotanshinone (CRY) on ovarian in-sulin resistance. Methods All mice were randomly divided into saline group (isotonic saline), DEX a group (isotonic saline plus DEX), CRY a group(isotonic saline plus DEX plus cryptotanshinone ), 10 in each group.The degree of insulin resistance was tested on each rat, along with the measurement of disintergrations per minute (DPM), ovulation rate and serum hormone level .After 20 fe-male mice were put to death , their ovaries were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank control group ( blank culture solution ) , DEX b group (DEX), CRY b group(DEX plus cryptotanshinone ), and WT group (DEX plus cryptotanshinone plus wortmannin ), 8 in each group. Murine ovaries in each group were cultured in vitro to test the number of ovarian glucose and the serum hormone level . Results After in-
sulin resistance took place in murine ovaries , significant statistical difference was found between DEX a group and saline group as to 2-deoxy-D-[1,2-3H]-glucose, liver, adipose and ovarian tissues (P<0.05).Ovaries in CRY a group increased significantly compared with DEX a group([2805.2 ±921.5]DMP/mg vs [1183.2 ±382.2]DMP/mg, P<0.01 ).Compared with DEX a group(37.5 ± 7.0, 5.0 ±1.8), the ovulation rate and the average corpus luteum in saline group (26.3 ±5.9, 3.5 ±1.6) and CRY group (27.2 ± 6.3,3.8 ±0.9) decreased (P<0.05).In comparison to DEX a group, the estrogen and progestogen levels in saline group and CRY a group decreased significantly(P<0.05).The expression level of AKT2 protein in DEX a group was much lower than that in saline group([0.39 ±0.01] vs [0.77 ±0.03], P<0.05).The glucose uptake in ovarian tissues cultured in vitro in blank control group , DEX b group, CRY b group and WT group was respectively (3447.2 ±1245.2)DMP/mg, (1183.2 ±382.2) DMP/mg, (2805.2 ± 921.5) DMP/mg, and (1364.2 ±292.3) DMP/mg.DEX b group decreased significantly compared with blank control group , DEX b group and WT group decreased significantly in comparison to CRY b group (P<0.05).In comparison to blank control group, the me-dium testosterone level increased and the protesteron level decreased significantly in DEX b group (P<0.05). Conclusion Tradi-tional Chinese medicine cryptotanshinone can relieve ovarian insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo , and it may exert insulin sensitivza-tion through PI3K pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of carboxyl methyl chitosan on hypertrophic scars by establishing a hypertrophic scar model on the ventral side of rabbit ears.Methods Full-thick-ness excisional wounds,1 cm in diameter,were made in the ears of 12 adult New Zealand white rabbits,and 123 hypertrophic sears were made in all.Then the rabbits were divided into 3 groups:group A was an experimental group (carboxyl methyl chitosan,500μg/ml),group B was a control group 1 (triamcinolone),and group C was control group 2 (physiological saline).All the scars were injected with drugs on the 30th and 40th days after operation,and then the samples were collected on the 35th and 45th day and analyzed.Results Compared with group C,group A appeared to be flatter,softer,and lighter in color;the area density of fibroblast decreased using HE stain and masson stain (P<0.05),and hydroxyproline content and hypertrophic index were also lower than group C (P<0.05).There were no significant differences of those criteria between group A and group B (P>0.05).Conclusion Injection of carboxyl methyl chitosan into Iocal hypertrophic scars On rabbit ears has similar effects to triamcinolone,and both of them can prevent and cure hypertrophic scars in proliferative stage.

AIM: To examine the relationship between corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis after keratoplasty.METHODS: Nineteen human corneas were obtained from 19 patients undergoing a second corneal transplantation in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center in 2005. Blood and lymphatic vessels in human transplanted corneas were identified by lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor(LYVE-1) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion modecule-1(PECAM-1) immunohistochemistry, and double enzyme-histochemistry; then the association of corneal blood vessel counting (BVC) with lymphatic vessel counting (LVC) was examined.RESULTS: Corneal hemangiogenesis was present in 12 cases (63%), and lymphangiogenesis occurred in 5 cases (26%) of human transplanted corneas. In addition, corneal lymphangiogenesis was only present in vascularized corneas. LVC was strongly and positively correlated with BVC(r=0.725;P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Corneal lymphangiogenesis develops after keratoplasty, and strongly associates with hemangiogenesis.

BACKGROUND:Vertebroplasty with bone cement injection can achieve a correction of kyphosis, enhancement of vertebral strength, and elimination of vertebral lesions during reduction of the fracture. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of vertebroplasty with bone cement injection on osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. METHODS:Totaly 84 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (T6-L4), 37 males and 47 females, aged 58-80 years, were randomized into two groups: study group undergoing vertebroplasty with bone cement injection and control group subject to bed rest and conservative treatment (functional exercise of the back muscle). Visual analog scale score, Oswestry disability index and vertebral height were detected and compared between the two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no difference in vertebral height, visual analog scale score and Oswestry disability index between the two groups before treatment. At 3 months after treatment, the vertebral height was (1.653±0.168) cm in the study group and (1.521±0.200) cm in the control group, with a significant difference (P< 0.05). The visual analog scale scores and Oswestry disability index scores in the study group were both lower than those in the control group at 3 months after treatment and at the last folow-up (P < 0.05). After treatment, there were two cases of pressure sores, three cases of deep venous thrombosis, one case of pneumonia and two cases of urinary tract infections in the control group; while only 4 cases developed bone cement leakage in the study group, but with no obvious clinical symptoms. No difference in re-fracture rate occurred between the control group (n=3) and study group (n=4;P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the bone cement injection as vertebral augmentation therapy can rapidly relieve pain, improve patients' quality of life within a short term and restore the vertebral height in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

Comprehensiveness of care is one of the core attributes of primary health care, and it has a great impact on the first diagnosis,accessibility,coordination and continuity to form the primary health care high perform-ance mechanism. Comprehensiveness of care has been playing an increasingly significant role in case when faced with the challenges of the aging of Chinese population,the high prevalence of chronic diseases,and the rapidly rising cost of health care. It is a fundamental problem for researchers,policy makers,and practitioners to clarify the definition of comprehensiveness of primary health care,which is the basis for managing comprehensive services. This article has systematically reviewed the current researches on definitions of comprehensiveness of basic health care, ascertained the key elements of comprehensiveness,and pinpointed the relationship between the dominant and recessive elements. Then,it defined the conception and the boundary of comprehensiveness of care in the context of primary health care,ac-cording to three principles-controllability, exhaustion, and exclusiveness, and finally conceptualized the primary health care comprehensiveness for further study on the operational definition of primary health care attributes.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effects of Yupei Qisun Sequential Method (YQSM, by Shen supplementing and Pi invigorating) of Chinese medicine on correlated indices of repeated implantation failure patients in the fresh cycle.

METHODSSixty patients with more than three failure cycles of in virto fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were recruited. They were assigned to the treatment group (treated by IVF/ICSI and Chinese medicine) and the control group (treated by IVF/ICSI alone), 30 in each group. The total dose of gonadotropin (Gn), the days of controlled ovary hyperstimulation (COH), the thickness of endometrium on the day of embryo transplantation, the number of retrieved oocytes, the fertilization number, the embryo number, the high quality embryo number, the pregnancy rate, and the implantation rate were compared.

RESULTSIn the treatment group the numbers of embryo and high quality embryo were 7.5 +/- 4.9 and 5.1 +/- 3.2 respectively, which were both higher than those of the control group with significant difference (5.1 +/- 3.2, 3.2 +/- 1.8; P < 0.05). No significant difference existed in aspects of the total numbers of Gn, the days of COH, the thickness of endometrium on the day of embryo transplantation, the numbers of retrieved oocytes, the fertilization number, the pregnancy rate, and the implantation rate between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONYQSM combined with COH could improve the quantity and the quality of embryos, which was promising to increase the accumulative pregnancy rate of RIF patients.

Adult ; Embryo Transfer ; Endometrium ; physiology ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropins ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Treatment Failure

Objective To analyze the molecular mechanism of Yupingfeng granules(YPFG)in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRTI),and provide a pharmacological basis for the diagnosis and treatment of RRTI in traditional Chinese medicine.Methods The TCMSP database and SwissTargetPredication database were used to screen the active ingredients and active ingredient targets of YPFG.All pathogenic targets of RRTI were obtained using the DisGeNET dataBase,DrugBank database,GeneCards database,and OMIM database.Drug-disease target-compound networks and protein-protein interaction networks were established to explore the main drugs,compounds,and target proteins.GO enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were used to explore the main molecular mechanisms of YPFG in the treatment of RRTI.Results The main active ingredients of YPFG screened include three main active ingredients,including daylily lignans A,peucedanum praeruptorum B,and wogonin,which mainly target SRC and COX-2.Enrichment analysis showed that phosphorylation(biological process),cytoplasm perinuclear region(cellular component),and phosphotransferase activity(molecular function)were the main GO enrichment items.The signaling pathways mainly involve tumor signaling pathways,relaxin signaling pathways,Th17 signaling pathways,and so on.Conclusion YPFG mainly treats RRTI by participating in the signal transduction of certain key nodes in tumor signaling pathways,relaxin signaling pathways,Th17 signaling pathways,etc.It has a direct or indirect impact on multiple signaling pathways and has the characteristics of multi-component,multi-target,and multi-channel effects.

PURPOSE: To determine whether renal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) could be further improved by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modified with survivin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lentiviral vectors were used to introduce the survivin gene into MSCs and the MSCs modified with survivin were transplanted into established mice models of renal I/R injury. Seven days later, serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured and the survival of MSCs was determined. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess renal pathological change. The expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in kidney tissue were detected by western blot. RESULTS: Mice transplanted with survivin-modified MSCs demonstrated good renal function recovery with Scr and BUN decline close to normal levels and improvement of renal I/R injury repair. Additionally, the survival of transplanted MSCs modified with survivin was enhanced and the expression of HGF and bFGF in kidney tissue was increased. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that MSCs engineered to over-express survivin could enhance their therapeutic effect on renal I/R injury in mice, probably via the improved survival ability of MSCs and increased production of protective cytokines in ischemic tissue.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy/*therapy ; Repressor Proteins/*therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the reliability of establishing a neonatal piglet model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

METHODSFourteen neonatal piglets were randomly assigned into Experiment group (n=9) and Control group (n=5). MODS model was established in the piglets from the Experiment group by CLP. The Control group underwent a sham-operation. Serum biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, ALB, BUN, Cr, CK-MB and lactic acid), blood platelet counting and blood gas analysis(PaO2 and PaCO2) were tested at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hrs after operation. The histomorphological changes of important vital organs were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining under a light microscope.

RESULTSThe levels of serum ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, CK-MB and lactic acid in the Experiment group began to increase 24 hrs after operation. Significant differences were observed between the Experiment and the Control group at 48 hrs in ALT (83.0 +/- 9.3 U/L vs 57.8 +/- 15.8 U/L), AST (348.8 +/- 132.9 U/L vs 106.4 +/- 12.5 U/L), BUN (10.5 +/- 2.5 micromol/L vs 4.3 +/- 1.0 micromol/L), Cr (79.2 +/- 9.0 micromol/L vs 53.6 +/- 6.8 micromol/L), CK-MB (5152.0 +/- 1 857.8 U/L vs 1243.0 +/- 354.5 U/L), and lactic acid (12.3 +/- 4.0 mmol/L vs 4.6 +/- 1.5 mmol/L) (P < 0.01). The high levels of the above parameters persisted until 96 hrs after operation in the Experiment group and then decreased but were still higher than those at 0 h after operation. After operation, the blood platelet counting decreased significantly at 96 hrs, and PaO2 decrease and PaCO2 increase were observed at 48 hrs in the Experiment group compared with the Control group. All animals, except one, in the Experiment group died within 120 hrs after operation (with the MODS incidence of 56%), while none died in the Control group. The tissue injuries with different degrees were observed in the lungs, liver, heart, kidneys and gastrointestinal tracts of the Experiment group.

CONCLUSIONSNeonatal piglet MODS model can be established successfully by CLP.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Male ; Multiple Organ Failure ; blood ; etiology ; pathology ; Swine

This study preliminarily discussed the TCM syndrome types of myasthenia gravis (or flaccidity) and its treatments and prescriptions through consensus method,providing evidence and level revision of the recommended expert consensus of myasthenia gravis in TCM clinical practice guideline.Literatures over TCM syndrome types,symptoms,therapeutic regime,medication and acupuncture were involved in the syndrome analysis of myasthenia gravis through literature retrieval.The common clinical syndromes were outputted by mentioned rate.Ten first-rate hospitals were finally included,such as The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Twelve experts in aggregate were confirmed to participate in the discussion for the identification of the TCM syndrome types,treatments and prescriptions of myasthenia gravis.As a result,five TCM syndrome types,such as syndrome of spleen and stomach qi deficiency,syndrome of spleen-kidney deficiency,deficiency syndrome of both qi and yin,syndrome of deficiency and sinking of qi,were confirmed;while five therapeutic regimes were approved,including reinforcement of qi,tonification of spleen and stomach,tonification of spleen and kidney qi,tonification of qi and yin,the supplement of qi and restoration of yang for ascending qi collapse.In addition,five prescriptions were supported by the experts,such as Bu Zhong Yi Qi (BZYQ) decoction,BZYQ decoction combined with You Gui pills,BZYQ decoction combined with Sheng Mai powders and Sheng Xian decoction.In conclusion,the expert consensus method for the screen of TCM syndrome types of myasthenia gravis embodied the conception of literature research based on the clinical practice combined with the scientific methods in conformity with the current research approaches to TCM syndrome types.