Objective To establish a suitable formulation for the dispersible tablets of breviscapinum. Methods The preparative process was scanned out by single factor test and orthogonal design. A comprehensive scoring analysis was performed with disintegrating time and rigidity as the indexes. Results The demonstration for the dispersible tablets from the optimized formulation,being totally disintegrated within three minutes and sifted through the sieve in size of the 2nd,show better dissolubility in-vitro in comparison with the common tablets and their quality meets with the requirement for the dispersible in Phamarcopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Conclusion The formulation screened out for the dispersible tablets of breviscapinum is suitable for the production on a large scale.

BACKGROUND:It is wel known that long-term aerobic exercise aleviates renal dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of long-term aerobic exercise on endogenous formation of hydrogensulfide in the kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
METHODS:Rat models of long-term aerobic exercise were established and randomly assigned to four groups: Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat static group, WKY rat exercise group, spontaneously hypertensive rat static group and spontaneously hypertensive rat exercise group. Moderate-intensity exercise on treadmil was given for 12 weeks. At 24 hours after model establishment, weight was weighted. Blood pressure was detected in the caudal artery. Blood and urine were colected for measuring biochemical indicators related to kidney functions. The degree of glomerular sclerosis was observed. Hydrogen sulfide production activity was detected in the kidney. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression levels of hydrogen sulfide production-related enzymes. Simultaneously, oxidative stress of the kidney was observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Long-term aerobic exercise obviously reduced body mass, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, increased glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow, decreased serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, urinary albumin levels, significantly reduced glomerular sclerosis score, increased hydrogen sulfide content in plasma and the rate of hydrogen sulfide formation in renal tissue, up-regulated cystathionine γ-lyase expression, obviously diminished malondialdehyde content in serum and kidney, and remarkably increasedthereduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione ratio in spontaneously hypertensive rats. (2) Results indicated that long-term aerobic exercise could increase the generation of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in kidney, lessen oxidative stress in the kidney, and amelioraterenal dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Objective To investigate the clinical and skeletal muscular pathological features of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia(CPEO).Methods The clinical and skeletal muscular pathological data of 6 patients with CPEO were analyzed retrospectively.Results All of the 6 patients onset were 4 to 18 years old.The first symptom was blepharoptosis.The clinical mainly manifestations were limited activity of eyeball,accompanied with limbs muscle fatigue,weakness and level elevatation of serum creatine kinase(CK).5 cases had myogenic changes in electromyography(EMG).The skeletal muscular pathological examination showed that the ragged red fibers(RRF)were scattered among the muscle fibers,and the deficient or absent of COX activity in many fibers.A few degenerating and necrotic fibers were observed in 4 cases.Lipid-drops were increased by oil red "O" stain in 3 cases.Electromicroscope showed that abnormal mitochondria increased in number and aggregated under sarcolemma or in cytoplasm.Crystalloid inclusion body could be observed.Conclusions The clinical mainly features of CPEO are external ophthalmoplegia and accompanied with limbs weakness.RRF and COX activity deficiency or absence according to skeletal muscle pathology can be suggest and support the diagnosis of CPEO.Gene sequencing based on skeletal muscle biopsy is necessary to make the final diagnosis of CPEO.

To analysis the reason of the arguments of “Sexual hallucinations” or “Sexual harassment”between clinicians and patients,and find out how to prevent its happening.Methods:Base on clinical case about patients complaints that clinicians sexually assault,review and analysis the prtinent literatures.Results:Sexual hallucinations is a complication following anesthesia with psychotropic drugs,it 's easy to be misunderstand as Sexual harassment and result in allegations of sexual misconduct between patient and clinician.Conclusion:Clinicians need to be aware that sexual hallucinations to occur during sedation or after anesthesia,to protect themselves against the accusations of sexual harassment,the practitioner should never be unchaperoned with a patient of the opposite sex during sedation or anesthesia.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and effects of thrombolytic and anti coagulation treatment in over 70 year old patients with pulmonary thromb embolism(PTE). Methods The clinical findings, diagnostic techniques, effects of thrombolytic therapy and anti coagulation in 58 over 70 year old patients with PTE were analyzed retrospectively. Results Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in lower limbs (74 1%) was the most common thrombolism prone factors in our study. Limitation of movement and long term stay in bed due to a variety of causes were in the next place. The clinical findings were atypical, associated with a false diagnostic ratio of 46 5% in elderly patients with PTE. Undefined causal and different degree of dyspnea along with sudden and persistent hypoxemia were the main characteristics. Spiral CT and radioactive nuclear ventilation perfusion scan were important methods for diagnosis of PTE with positive finding of 95 7% and 62 5%, respectively. The effective and cure rate of thrombolytic therapy combined with anti coagulation, anti coagulation and anti platelet therapy was 91 3%, 75 8%, 0 and 47 8%, 17 2%, 0, respectively. Conclusions The most common risk factors of PTE in the elderly was DVT and the long term stay in bed or stay without active moving. The clinical symptoms were not only atypical but also variable. Thrombolytic with anti coagulation therapy is safe and effective, but anti platelet coagulation alone is not benefit.

BACKGROUND:The mechanical index is an important method for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency of drug treatment for osteoporosis animal models. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of various drug treatments on osteoporosis through a mechanical performance test about the femoral compression of rats. METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar female rats were randomized into six groups: normal control group, model group, Dan Qiparticles group, alpha-D3 group, premarin group, ipriflavone group, with six rats in each group. Osteoporosis models were made in al groups except for the normal control group, and after modeling, the rats in different groups were treated withDan Qi particles, alpha-D3 group, premarin and ipriflavone, respectively. After 15 weeks, the rats were kiled by abdominal aortic bloodletting to take out the left and right femurs that were placed on a universal testing machine to perform a compressive test at a speed of 5 mm/min. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The maximum load, maximum stress, maximum displacement, maximum strain, and elastic modulus were significantly lower in the model group than the other four groups (P < 0.05). There was no difference in different mechanical parameters between alpha-D3 group and model group as wel as between Dan Qi particles group and normal control group (P> 0.05). These findings indicate that osteoporosis leads to the variation of compression mechanical properties of the femur. There are good compression mechanical properties of the femur after treatment with premarin and ipriflavone, andDan Qi particles has the best effect.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Yiqi Huayu Recipe on neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) in neuromuscular junctions during nerve regeneration in rats with lumbar nerve root compression. METHODS: The rats with lumbar nerve root compression were given Yiqi Huayu Recipe for 10, 20 and 30 days respectively. The distribution of N-CAM in neuromuscular junctions of soleus muscle in rats was examined with immunohistochemical method and confocal laser scanning microscopy technique. The acetylcholine receptor (AChR) was visualized with fluorescein-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BTX). The overlap areas of N-CAM and AChR sites were measured with NIH image technique. RESULTS: The aggregates, sprouts and extensions of N-CAM in the neuromuscular junctions and the overlap areas of N-CAM and AChR sites in the Yiqi Huayu Recipe-treated group were all better improved than those in the untreated group. CONCLUSION: The expression of N-CAM is regulated according to the state of innervation for muscles. Yiqi Huayu Recipe may accelerate this nerve regeneration process.

The main clinical symptoms of the patients are upper gastrointestinal tract haematemesis,hypersplenotrophy and hypersplenia.Most cases can be detected by ultrasonography,digital subtraction angiography(DSA),multislice CT(MSCT) or magnetic resonance angiography(MRA).Rex surgery,Hassab surgery or combination the shunt and disconnection combined operation et al are the preferred operation,therapy for children's cavernous transformation of portal vein will be further developed.The relevant literatures were collected in recent years to review the advancement of surgical therapy for children's cavernous transformation of portal vein.

Objective To evaluate the expression of Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF-8) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in placentas and their relationship with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE).Methods Twenty-two women with PE (mild PE:4 cases; severe PE:18 cases) who received cesarean sections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2011 to March 2012 were recruited as the PE group (n =22).And twenty women who received elective term cesarean section without perinatal complications were chosen as the control group (n =20).Placentas were collected and immunohistochemical SP method were employed to detect the localization of KLF-8 protein.KLF-8 mRNA level was determined by quantitative real-time PCR technique and western blot analysis was used to quantify KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein levels.Results (1) There was no difference of KLF-8 protein distribution in placentas of the PE group and the control group.It was mainly located in the nuclear and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts.KLF-8 immunostaining was apparently decreased in the placentas of preeclamptic women when compared with the control group.(2)The KLF-8 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in placentas of the PE group (0.69 ±0.08) compared to those of the control group (1.14 ±0.09,P ＜0.01).(3) KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein levels significantly decreased in the PE placentas (0.68 ±0.05 and 0.21 ± 0.03) when compared to the control group (0.94 ± 0.06 and 0.34 ± 0.03,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).(4) There was a positive correlation between the expression of KLF-8 and MMP-9 protein in the placentas from PE and normal pregnancies (r =0.64,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions KLF-8 mRNA and protein levels were decreased in placentas of PE patients compared to those of normotensive women.KLF-8 protein was primarily located in the invasion-related trophoblast cells and its expression had a positive correlation with MMP-9 levels.KLF-8 might have an important role in the pathogenesis of PE by regulation of trophoblast invasion.