This review introduces the basal elements and structures of Ussing chamber and it′s applications in the field of intestinal barrier function research.

Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor,it can reduce production and excretion of uric acid and oxygen free radicals generation. Allopurinol has good therapeutic effects on gout and hyperuricemia,and can relief symptoms of prostatitis. In addition, allopurinol has protective effects on ischemical reperfusion injury,inflammation and tumor.

Aim To investigate the effect of Rhizoma Polygonati( RP) on the functional activity and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the subculture of endothelial progenitor cells ( EPCs) in aging rats. Methods EPCs from bone marrow in rats were isolated and cultured in vitro and identified. The 2nd EPCs were divided into fourgroups, which were subcultured to the 4th, 6th and 8th passage with application of drug - serum containing RP or not. The positive rate of cell senescence was detected by beta - galactosidase, the proliferation, migration and tubule formation were assayed by MIT, transwell chamber and in vivo angio- gcnesis kit, respectively, and ROS level was detected by flow cytometry. Results In the process of EPCs subculture, the positive rate of cell senescence gradually increased, accompanied by a significant decrease in proliferation, migration and tubule formation. The level of ROS increased sharply (P<0. 05). RP could reduce the positive rate of cell senescence, enhance the functional activities, and decrease the level of ROS of EPCs significantly (P < 0. 05). Conclusions RP may delay the aging process of EPCs in vitro and protect the function of EPCs by decreasing the level of ROS.

Nowadays, it is necessary to emphasize the three basic inseparable elements in the treatment of severe burn infection, which are systemic care, burn wound care, and rational use of antimicrobials topically or systematically. Systemic care has been shifted from simple nutritional support to maintaining the systemic homeostasis, including balancing immune-inflammatory response, and protecting organs from dysfunction. Some work focused on regulating systemic immune response in the initial phase and the balance of inflammatory response after occurrence of severe burn infection have been reported. These results at least broaden our thinking to recognize that treatment should not only destroy microbes, but also balance the response of the body. Escharectomy in earlier phase has been a consensus. Currently, we turn our vision into how to use "damage control surgery (DCS)" concept in management of severe burn. DCS in burn care includes the evaluation of perioperative situation more accurate to make a more appropriate surgical decision. Meanwhile, an overall strategy should be established to confront the rapidly increasing drug resistance of the pathogens. The release of endotoxin after use of antimicrobials, which has been studied widely, should be explored further.
Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; therapy

Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; physiopathology ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatology

Objective To investigate the association between Human Leukocyte Antigen DR (HLADR) gene polymorphisms and total IgE levels in children with asthma.Methods This study involved 84 unrelated children with asthma and 168 healthy controls without asthma.All participants had their serum total IgE levels measured with UniCAP Pharmacia system,and skin-prick test with ten kinds of inhalant allergens were taken among them.HLA oligonucleotide array was used to determine twenty-one gene frequencies of HLADR.Results ( 1 ) The frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 070X allele and HLA-DRB1 * 11XX allele among the asthmatic were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (HLA-DRB1 * 070X allele:2.98％vs.0.30％,x2 =6.915,P ＜ 0.05 ; HLA-DRB1 * 11XX allele:13.69％ vs.5.95％,x2 =9.478,P ＜ 0.01 ),Odds ratios( OR)for the two groups were 10.57(95％ CI:1.215 -91.986)and 2.79(95％ CI:1.429 -5.449)respectively.HLA-DRB3( 52 ) * 010X allele were significantly decreased in asthmatics compared to healthy controls(13.99％,x2 =5.854,P ＜0.05),OR was 0.429(95％ CI:0.214 -0.862).(2) Significant correlation between HLA-DRB1 * 160XX,HLA-DRB1 * 3 (17)alleles and the level of total IgE were found in asthmatic children(P ＜0.05).OR were 0.145(95％ CI:0.027 -0.781 )for HLA-DRB1 * 160XX allele and 1.667(95％CI:1.367-2.033)for HLA-DRB1 * 3(17)allele.Conclusion HLA-DRB1 *070X allele and HLA-DRB1 * 11XX allele were implicated in susceptibility to asthma,HLA-DRB3 (52) * 010X allele might conferring protection effects against asthma.There were association between HLA-DRB1 * 160XX,HLA-DRB1 * 3 ( 17 ) alleles and the level of total IgE in asthmatic children.Protective effects of HLA-DRB1 * 160XX allele against high level IgE response was noted,while HLA-DRB1 * 3(17)allele might be associated with high level of IgE in patients with asthma.

[Objective]To study the effects of different bionic microstructure of artificial bones on the growth and osteogenesis characteristics of dog bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs).[Method]The artificial bones were divided into 4 groups in the experiments:perpendicular structure(experimental group,A),concentric structure(experimental group,B),CPC/ rhBMP-2(calcimrt phosphate cement composited with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2)(control group,C)and pure CPC(control group,D).Dog bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated from the bone marrow by gradient centrifugation and then cultured in non-induced condition.BMSCs at 3~(rd) passage were harvested and inoculated onto the artificial bones of the 4 groups.The implanted cells and artificial bones were retrieved and observed at different times with fluorescence microscope,scanning electron microscope.The proliferation of BMSCs was evaluated by MTT method,and the osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity.[Result]The cultured BMSCs adhered well to the surface of all artificial bones and it was better to A and B groups than to C and D groups.By MTT method,the A values of group A,B,C were significantly higher compared with group D(all P0.05);The ALP activities of BMSCs in group A,B,C and D all increased significantly from the 4~(th) day to the 7~(th) day(P0.05).[Conclusion]The bionic microstrueture artificial bones are satisfactory carriers of BMP and possess good cellular biocompatibility with dog bone marrow stromal cells and have the ability to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

The aim of our study was to investigate the effectof mannitol on treatment of brain edema.Focal ischemic brain edema model was established by left middle cerebral artery occlusion(LMCAO) .The ratswere divided into 1 1 group.Each ratwasintravenously injected with2 0 % mannitol(0 .5 g/ kg within1 0 minutes) .The dose of mannitol was differ- ent.One dose of mannitol at1 2 h,1 6 h,2 0 h,2 4h after L MCAO,three doses,five doses,seven doses of mannitol at 2 4h after L MCAO.Again respective control animals were 1 2 h,1 6 h, 2 0 h,2 4h after L MCAO.Brain water content(BWC) ,morphological changes and ischemic size were used to evaluate the brain edema.The result showed that the BWC reduced in damaged brain atone dose,three doses,five doses of mannitol,(P

Aim To study the effects of HSP70 on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury after heat preconditioning in rats.Method To establish the models of the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. 42 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, (each group had 7 rats): normal group(N); quercetin injection group(Q); ischemia-reperfusion group(I); heat preconditioning 16 hours before ischemia-reperfusion group(H+I); quercetin injection before heat preconditioning group(Q+H+I); quercetin injection before ischemia-reperfusion group(Q+I).We detected the activity of serum enzyme of ALT,AST and the pathological changes of the liver;The expressions of HSP70 of the rats were observed by Western blotting. Results The expressions of HSP70 from high to low were:group H+I,group I,group Q+H+I,group Q+I,group Q,group N; The serum levels of ALT and AST from high to low were: group Q+I,group I,group Q+H+I,group H+I,group Q,group N;All groups had visibly hepatic histological changes respectively.Conclusion The protection of heat stress pretreatment from ischemia reperfusion injury was possibly performed by inducing the expression of HSP70.

Objective To detect the effect of the antiphospholipid antibodies on the Schwann cells in vitro and to find if the Extract of Ginkgo biloba 761(EGb761)has any protective effects.Methods The immunoglobulins(Ig)were extracted from the serum of the patient with autoimmune polyneuropathies and those with controls.Ig only or Ig plus calf serum(served as complement)were added into the culture solutions of the Schwann cells.The density of the cell in one high power field,the cell perimeter and area were detected and compared to those blank and those controls.Results The shape of the Schwann cells in both the Ig and Ig plus calf serum solution were greatly changed.The densities of the cells in them were both lower than the blank ones,with more severe in the cells with calf serum.There was no significant different between the solutions with or without EGb761.Conclusion Ig from the patients with autoimmune polyneuropathies could attack the Schwann cells in vitro,with the existence of complements,the destruction was even more severe.No protection of EGb761 could be found in these situations.