Fracture healing consists of four stages: hematoma and inflammation, granulation tissue formation, membranous and endochondral ossification, and remodeling. During these stages, the pathological changes are continuous and overlapping and numerous inflammatory factors and growth factors play a central role in the tissue regeneration and ossification. The fracture will eventually reach primary bone healing or callus healing depending on the stability of fracture site after treatment. The delayed union and nonunion can be assessed according to the treatment time, clinical examination, radiology and biomechanical testing. It is important to understand the differences between hypertropic and atrophic nonunions and the reasons that lead to nonunion. At last, methods to promote fracture healing are summarized and classified into four groups: biological, systemic, mechanical and biophysical ones.

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is still an emergent situation in traumatic orthopaedics. Its pathophysiologic mechanism and treatment principles have already been recognized and established widely. The main factors which affect the prognosis are early diagnosis and timing of surgical treatment. This review analyzes the methods of clinical and instrumental diagnosis,rectifies some misunderstandings in clinical evaluation and makes suggestions on appropriate monitoring.

Objective To observe the efficacy of treatment of cirrhosis ascites with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. Methods All patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (27 cases) and a control group (25 cases). Patients in the treatment group were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, while patients in the control group were treated with western conventional therapy. Resulta The total effective rate in the treatment group was 96.3%, showing significant difference (P＜0. 05) contrasting 72% in the control group. Conclusion It is effective that treating cirrhosis ascites with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To compare the effect of different treatment methods in the prevention of persistent ectopic pregnancy after laparoscopic tubal pregnancy conservative operation, to provide reference to women's clinical treatment planning needs of choice.Methods 204 patients underwent laparoscopic tubal pregnancy conservative surgery were selected.According to perioperative preventive postoperative persistent ectopic pregnancy in different ways, they were divided into four groups.After the removal of the gestational sac, the methotrexate injected into the fallopian tube was established as A group(48 cases);methotrexate combined with mifepristone on the prevention of persistent ectopic pregnancy after laparoscopic cyst removal was established as B group(56 cases);simultaneous removal of corpus luteum in laparoscopic cyst removal surgery was established as C group(51 cases);after removal of the bursa, methotrexate injected into the fallopian tube in laparoscopic cyst removal surgery was established as D group(48 cases).The operation indicators of four groups (operation time and intraoperative bleeding volume),blood beta-HCG(β-HCG) changes of 1st,3rd,6th and 12th day after surgery, ectopic pregnancy rate continued after surgery, postoperative follow-up of 2 years were compared.Of the four groups, the normal pregnancy again time after operation, the comprehensive evaluation of different treatment methods for the effect of ectopic pregnancy in the prevention of laparoscopic tubal pregnancy conservative surgery were compared.Results Of the four groups, the age, reproductive status, menopause, preoperative 1st day bleeding, tubal rupture cases, tubal mass diameter, gestational sac in the fallopian tube in position, bloodβ-HCG levels, operation methods had no statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Comparison of four groups of operation indicators, the operation time in B group was significantly shorter than that in the other three groups(F=5.305,P=0.037).The amount of bleeding in C group and D group was similar, which was significantly higher than that of A group and C group(F=7.483,P=0.005).The β-HCG levels of D group of 1st,3rd,6th and 12th day were significantly lower than those of the other three groups(all P<0.05), which of B group at different time were significantly higher than those of the other three groups(all P<0.05).The persistent ectopic pregnancy rate of D group was significantly lower than that of the other three groups(2.08% vs 14.58%,14.29%,11.54%,x2=7.406,P=0.040),and the normal pregnancy again rate of D group was significantly higher than that of A,B and C groups(58.33% vs 32.14%,37.50%,38.46%,x2=5.349,P=0.022).Conclusion The laparoscopic removal of tubal pregnancy sac at the same time, to the fallopian tube injection of methotrexate, enucleation of corpus luteum, although increases operation time and bleeding volume, but can significantly reduce the harm to women of childbearing age of persistent ectopic pregnancy, and it has high clinical value.

Objective To investigate the possible biochemical mechanism of cognitive impairment in patients with Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS).Methods Polysomnography was administered to eighteen patients with OSAS and fourteen education and BMI-matched controls.All the cases were measured serum nitric oxide(NO)level by spectrophotometry and underwent neuropsychologicol test.Results The scores of visual recognition and digital symbol in the patients with OSAS were respectively 5.33?1.57;6.89?1.23,significantly lower than that in control group(8.57?1.91;9.07?1.00,P

Objective To investigate heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and nuclear factor-?appa B(NF-?B)expression in the lung after mechanical ventilation with PEEP(positive end expiratory pressure)in a rabbit model of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Methods Thirty healthy adult white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. After anesthesia and tracheostomy were installed, rabbits received ventilation with different tidal volumes for 4 hrs. In PEEP group, rabbits received ventilation withVT=40ml/kg, PEEP=3cmH_2O; group, rabbits received ventilation with VT=40ml/kg, PEEP=0cmH_2O; and NVC group, with normal ventilation with VT=10ml/kg. The different modalities of ventilation were maintained for 4 hours. After 4 hours, rabbits were killed by exsanguination. Lung histopathology was examined and compared among three groups. Expression of HSP70 and NF-?B were determined by using Western-blot technique. Results There were marked pathological changes in the lung tissue in group ZEEP, but pathological changes were relatively milder in group PEEP. After injurious ventilation for 4 hours, there was a significantly higher expression of HSP70 and NF-?B in group ZEEP, while that of NF-?B was negatively correlated with HSP70 levels. There was a significant lower expression of NF-?B in the lung of group PEEP. Conclusion We postulate that HSP70 expression protects the lung against ventilator-induced lung injury by down-regulating expression of NF-?B in the lung. Mechanical ventilation with PEEP can protect the lung against ventilator-induced lung injury through down-regulation of NF-?B in the lung.

Objective To explore the change of plasma orexin-A levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Lung function test and blood gas analysis were performed in 15 obese COPD patients,20 COPD patients without obesity,20 obese controls and 20 normal healthy adults(control group).In both obese COPD group and obese group,the body mass index(BMI)was higher than 25 and there was no significant difference in BMI.The plasma was deproteinized by chromatography,and the plasma orexin-A levels were determined by radioimmunoassay.Results The plasma orexin-A levels in the obese COPD group[(8.82?1.90)ng/L]and the non-obese COPD group[(8.69?1.84)ng/L]were significantly higher than those in the obese group[(7.18?1.45)ng/L(P 0.05).Plasma orexin-A levels in patients with COPD correlated negatively with partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_2)(r = -0.527 ,P

This article presents a new digital haemoglobin meter.This device adopts HICN method recommended by WHO.Its unique designing of automate proofread zero circuit and automatic controlling in determination provids high accuracy and stability,handy and reliable,It can be widely used in the hospital chemical ex- amination laboratory,commue hospital,health station and related laboratory.