A new embedded telemetry system for potentiometric sensors was developed. The system consisted of a transmitter unit, a receiver unit and a personal computer ( PC) . The transmitter unit included a current amplifier, a∑-Δanalog-to-digital converter ( ADC) , a microcontroller unit ( MCU) and a radio module. The receiver unit was composed of a radio module, a microcontroller unit and a serial-to-USB converter module. The receiver unit was connected to an upper computer via a universal serial bus ( USB ) . The embedded software written in C language controlled the signal acquisition and transmission. The computer software written in LabVIEW language was used for data storage and display. The range of the acquisition voltages was from-1. 17 V to +1. 17 V. In order to verify the accuracy and reliability of this system, a control experiment had been done with this system and a digital multimeter. Moreover, a response test of acidity changes had been done with the self-made H+ selective electrode. The results showed that the accuracy of this system could be up to 0. 1 mV and it had strong anti-noise ability. The square of the linear correlation coefficient of the response of the changes in pH values was 0 . 998 . The curve of the results measured by this system was consistent with that measured by the commercial electrochemical analyzer. The system was built with standard hardware components and the size of the transmitter unit was only 29 mm×14 mm×11 mm. It can be easily used for remote and real-time detection for the potentiometric sensor.

A new micro embedded telemetry system was developed for the amperometric sensing detection. Its output voltage range was ±0. 5 V and resolution was<1 mV. The current acquisition range was ±1μA and the minimum resolution was 0. 2 nA. This telemetry system was designed based on microprocessor ADuCM360, including a potentiostat, a current detection module and a radio module. And the size was only 24 mm × 13 mm × 11 mm. The computer software written in LabVIEW language was used for data storage and display. In order to verify the accuracy and reliability of this system, an electrical performance test was performed. The current response for ascorbic acid with different concentration was recorded by using the telemetry system. The potential of working electrode was set as 30 mV, and the current response of ascorbic acid electrode had a good linear relationship with its concentration within the concentration range of 50-300 μmol/L. Linear equation was I(nA) = 2. 98CAA(μmol/L)-137. 39, and linear correlation coefficient R2=0. 984. Moreover, the applicability of the instrument in the study for living animals was explored by using the cerebral ischemia as model.

Malignant melanoma( MM) is a very malignant solid tumor that is highly invasive and has a poor prognosis. Al-though the treatment of advanced melanoma has entered the era of targeting and immunotherapy,chemotherapy is still not to be aban-doned. Chemotherapy for malignant melanoma has undergone a development process from single-drug chemotherapy,combination of two or three or even four drugs,and biochemotherapy. This article reviews the progress of chemotherapy for malignant melanoma,com-pares the main chemotherapy regimens,and looks forward into the future direction of chemotherapy.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨恶性黑色素瘤（malignant melanoma，MM）微环境分型对MM患者预后的评估价值。方法：对2010年7月至2017年5月在南京鼓楼医院手术切除的87例原发性MM组织进行二代测序，免疫组化法检测PD-1、PD-L1、CD3+ TIL、MSH2、MSH6、PMS2和MLH1的表达。随访患者的生存时间，分析不同免疫微环境分型对患者预后的影响及其基因表达特征。结果：根据PD-L1和TIL表达水平将87例MM患者的肿瘤微环境分为4个亚型：PD-L1+ TIL+型或双阳型（15/87，17.24%）、PD-L1+ TIL-型（15/87，17.24%）、PD-L1- TIL+型（20/87，22.99%）、PD-L1- TIL-型或双阴型（37/87，42.53%）。双阳型患者的中位无病生存期显著长于双阴型患者（P<0.05），此可能与双阴型患者存在更多CDK4、MCL1、MYC、AKT2、CCND1、FGF19等预后不良基因拷贝数扩增相关；双阳型患者PD-1表达显著高于双阴型患者（P<0.01），可能与PD-L1、TIL分别与PD-1呈共表达和共不表达有关。结论：根据PD-L1及TIL表达将MM 患者微环境分为4种亚型，能够区分MM患者预后，双阴型患者存在更多预后不良基因拷贝数扩增。

[摘 要] 目的：探讨肝转移对晚期胃癌患者免疫治疗效果的影响。方法：收集2019年2月至2022年1月在南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院肿瘤中心接受过免疫治疗的晚期胃癌患者的临床资料，进行回顾性分析，利用卡方检验或Fisher确切概率法进行基线特征比较，利用卡方检验和Kaplan-Meier生存分析方法进行有肝转移与无肝转移胃癌患者的疗效和生存期的比较。结果：共有48例晚期胃癌患者纳入分析，根据有无肝转移将患者分为肝转移队列（n=20）和无肝转移队列（n=28）。有肝转移较无肝转移胃癌患者体力状况更差。肝转移队列与无肝转移队列的ORR分别为15.0%和35.7%（P>0.05），DCR分别为65.0%和82.1%（P>0.05）；中位PFS在两组分别为5.0个月和11.2个月（HR=0.40，P<0.05），中位OS分别为12.0个月和19.0个月（P>0.05）。结论：胃癌肝转移患者免疫治疗的疗效差于无肝转移的患者。