Mechanical force has essential effects on cellular behaviors such as proliferation, migration and differentiation, and the mechanism of mechanotransduction is still one of the hot spots in mechanobiology study. Traditional methods could not provide accurate evaluation of the protein activation signal upon mechanical stress application. The development of fluorescence protein technology greatly promoted the understanding of mechanotransduction. In particular, genetically-encoded biosensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique has achieved a real-time dynamic observation of living cell signal protein activity, which provides a powerful tool for the in-depth study of biomechanics. In this paper, we provide a summary on recent progress of FRET application in biomechanics. Firstly we introduce the FRET technology, and then we summarize three methods to integrate the mechanical stimulation with the FRET imaging system on cell experiments. After that, the important progress of biomechanical research on signal pathway made by FRET technology, such as cytoskeleton, Rho family, calcium and cellular physical stress visualization, are also discussed. Finally, we point out the bottleneck of the future development in FRET technology, and also make the prospect of the application of FRET in mechanotransduction. In summary, FRET technology provides a powerful tool for the studies of mechanotransduction, which will advance our systematic understanding on the molecular mechanisms about how cells respond to mechanical stimulation.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biosensing Techniques ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; chemistry ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective To evaluate the effect of therapeutic communication on perioperative anxiety of cancer patients by using the Meta-analysis.Methods The randomized controlled studies of therapeutic communication for perioperative anxiety of cancer patients were gathered from Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM),China Scientific Journal Database by VIP (CSJD),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wangfang Data,while other relative researches were also searched by hand.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria articles were evaluated by two reviewers independently.The studies were assessed according to the Juni assessment.RevMan 5.2 was used for statistical analysis.Results Seven studies with 506 patients were included,of which therapeutic intervention group contained 256 patients,the control group included 250 patients.Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group,therapeutic communication system could reduce perioperative anxiety of cancer patients [MD=-8.00,95％CI (-8.91--7.10),P ＜0.01],improve positive perioperative coping of patients [MD=5.50,95％CI(4.05-6.95),P ＜ 0.01],reduce negative perioperative coping of patients [MD=-7.62,95％CI (-9.13--6.11),P ＜ 0.01],increase the satisfaction degree of patients [MD=0.55,95％CI (0.33-0.77),P ＜0.01],the differenccs were statistically significant.Conclusions Therapeutic communication can contribute to relieve perioperative anxiety of cancer patients,optimize their coping styles and improve the satisfaction degree of patients with nursing work.

Objective:To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Jiehuo Dieda ointment. Methods:The anti-inflam-matory activity was observed by rat foot swelling model induced by carrageenan and rat cotton ball granuloma model, and writhing re-sponse in mice induced by acetic acid and hot-plate test were used to explore the analgesic effects. Results:Compared with that of mod-el group, Jiehuo Dieda ointment 28 g·kg-1 ,14 g·kg-1 could significantly decrease rats hind paw swelling rate after 2 hours of ad-ministration. Compared with that of normal control group,Jiehuo Dieda ointment 28 g·kg-1 ,14 g·kg-1 could significantly decrease the weights of rats cotton ball granuloma,could significantly decrease the writhing times ,and increase the pain thresholdr after 60 min of administration(P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Conclusion:Jiehuo Dieda Ointment had obviously anti-inflammatory and analgesia effects.

Objective To analyze the clinical significance of the single detection or the combination detection of 3 kinds of tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),alpha-fetoprotein-L3(AFP-L3)and DKK1 for the diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC). Methods AFP,AFP-L3 and DKK1 in the PHC group,benign hepatic diseases group and control group were detected by adopting the ECLIA,affinity adsorption chromatography and ELISA methods respectively.The ratio of AFP-L3 in AFP was calculated.Re-sults In the single detection,the sensitivity of AFP,AFP-L3 and DKK1 was 60.9%,76.8% and 69.6% respectively and the speci-ficity was 88.7%,91.5% and 95.8% respectively.In the combination detection,the sensitivity and specificity were 91.3% and 87.3% respectively,the differences between the single detection and the combination detection had statistical significance (P <0. 05).Conclusion The combined examination of serum AFP,AFP-L3 and DKK1 can elevate the sensitivity and specificity,which is much better and more accurate for diagnosing PHC than most of traditional combination detection at present.

Objective To study the influence of artifical liver support system (ALSS) on bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) differentiation factors in patients with chronic severe hepatitis B.Methods Fifty patients with chronic severe hepatitis B were divided into ALSS treatment group (n=25) and control group (n=25).The patients in control group received combined medical treatment and those in ALSS treatment group received ALSS treatment within 1 week of admission on the basis of combined medical treatment.The concentrations of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4),epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected before and 2 weeks after therapy.The data were analyzed by t test.Results The serum levels of HGF,FGF-4,EGF and bFGF of patients before ALSS treatment in treatment group were (689.10± 337.68) ng/L,(124.88±87.67) ng/L,(323.85±44.40) ng/L and (9.29± 1.38) ng/L,respectively; while the levels of those cytokines after ALSS treatment were (1081.50±356.66) ng/L,(110.76±79.71) ng/L,(347.80±71.73) ng/L and (9.57±1.15) ng/L,respectively,among which HGF level increased significantly after ALSS treatment (t =10.042,P＜0.01) and was higher than control group(t=6.670,P＜0.01).However,the levels of HGF,FGF-4,EGF and bFGF were not significantly different from those in the control group.And levels of all HGF,FGF-4,EGF and bFGF in control group were not statistically different before and after treatment.ConclusionALSS treatment can increase the serum HGF level but not FGF-4,EGF and bFGF,which may contribute to BMSC transdifferentiation that is involved in the hepatocyte repair and regeneration in chronic severe hepatitis B.

Proanthocyanidins is an effective antioxidants and free radical scavenger derived from kinds of plants in nature. It has some advantages that high absorptivity and bioactivity, low toxicity, which contain broad pharmacological functions such as dropping high blood pressure, reducing blood fat, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti - aging, anti - fatigue and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this paper, we summarized its physicochemical properties, pharmacologic action and the ophthalmological studies which mainly in keratopathy, cataract, glaucoma, uveitis, retinopathy, traumatic optic neuropathy and asthenopia. With the deeper research and more unequivocal in the pharmacological mechanism of proanthocyanidins, it should make the most of its values in medicine. And some more economical and effective drugs are expected to be provided for the clinical ophthalmology in the near future.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of treating traumatic optic neuropathy( TON) with mouse nerve growth factor.
METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Medline, CNKI, Wanfang database and VIP to collect randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) of using mouse nerve growth factor for TON. The quality of the included trials was assessed and poor-qualified trials were eliminated before the meta - analysis was conducted.
RESULTS:Seven RCTs with a total of 399 eyes included were retrieved, and OR=3. 78 with a 95%CI of [ 2. 35, 6.06], the difference was significant (P<0. 01).
CONCLUSION:The existing evidence supports that the prognosis of TON is better when mouse nerve growth factor are adopted in treatment, but there is still a need for well-planned, large-scale and multicenter RCTs to verify it.

PAX6 gene plays an important role in embryological development, and the mutation of this gene may result incongenital aniridia, retinoblastoma, macula hypoplasia, Peters' anomaly and so on. A brief introduction of the background PAX6 gene, and the association between PAX6 and retinal diseases were summarized in this review.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of normative ankle balance training on chronic ankle instability (CAI).Methods Ninety patients were randomized into control group (17 males,28 females;13-26 years,mean 19.6 years) and experiment group (18 males,27 females;14-27 years,mean 20.3 years) according to the random number table.There were 19 left ankles and 26 right ankles injured in control group,and 19 left ankles and 26 right ankles injured in experiment group.Patients in control group only completed routine muscle strength training.Besides the routine muscle strength training,balance training (rubber band,spongy cushion,balance pedal,rubber balance ball and jump ball) were added in experiment group.The two groups were compared with respect to foot and ankle disability index (FADI),anterior,posterior-median and 45° to posterolateral direction reach distance of star excursion balance test (SEBT) and visual analogue score (VAS).Results After training,comparison of experiment and control groups showed significant differences in FADI (35.16 ± 3.23 and 22.33 ± 1.36),SEBT distance in posterior median direction [(78.59 ± 7.22) ％ and (71.89 ±7.11)％],SEBT distance in 45° to posterolateral direction [(75.79 ± 8.27)％ and (68.95 ±8.03) ％] and VAS [(3.01 ± 0.91) scores and (3.42 ± 1.02) scores] (P ＜ 0.05).For intragroup comparison,FADI,SEBT and VAS in experimental group showed significant differences before and after training (P ＜ 0.05),but only FADI in control group differed significantly before and after training (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Normative balance training can improve CAI patients' self-feelings of dynamic balance and instability with satisfactory therapeutic efficacy,and is worthy to be popularized.

Objective To investigate the expression of NAP in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods Expression of NAP of peripheral blood was assessed by flow cytometry. The serum levels of G-CSF, NE and IL-18 in 53 patients with AML and 50 healthy controls were examined by ELISA. Results The expression of NAP in AML patients [1 159(563 ~ 2 033)AB/c] was decreased than that of healthy controls [1 862 (1 345 ~ 2 382)AB/c], (P < 0.05). The serum levels of G-CSF, NE and IL-8 from AML patients [34.36 (25.17 ~ 47.24) ng/L, 397.56 (324.63 ~ 563.84) pg/mL, 585.34 (403.61 ~ 866.54) pg/mL] were significantly lower than those of healthy controls[54.52(46.27 ~ 77.14) ng/L, 689.74(496.78 ~ 899.14) pg/mL, 832.36(625.17 ~ 998.24) pg/mL] (P < 0.05). The expression of NAP in AML patients was positively correlated with the serum level of G-CSF (r = 0.621, P = 0.007). Conclusions The decreased expression of NAP, G-CSF, NE and IL-8 in the peripheral blood with AML could speculated that neutrophils immune function in patients with AML was restrained.