Objective To explore the risk factors and clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with venous thromboembolic disorders (VTE). Methods Twenty SLE patients with VTE (VTE group) and 40 SLE cases without VTE (control group) were retrospectively analyzed for clinical and laboratory features. T test, Mann-Whitney U rank sum test, χ2 test, Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of VTE in SLE patients was 1.5%(20/1 326). Renal involvement, increased blood pressure, history of lower extremity deep vein catheter, merging with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) could be seen more frequently in VTE group than control group ( χ2=5.508, 7.033, 5.208, 7.882, respectively), and the difference were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Hydroxychloroquine dosage used in the VTE group (133±119) mg/d was lower than that of the control group (211±126) mg/d (t=2.156, P=0.034), antiplatelet drug use rate was lower than the control group too, the difference were statistically significant ( χ2=7.080, P=0.008). Logistic regressions showed that renal involvement [OR=5.5, 95%CI (3.6, 12.7), P=0.003], lower C3 level [OR=2.3, 95%CI (1.8, 5.2), P=0.005], SLEDAI activity score [OR=8.13, 95%CI (5.2, 7.3), P=0.001] were independent risk factors for VTE in SLE. Conclusion SLE patients with renal involvement, increased blood pressure, history of lower extremity deep vein catheterization or complicated with APS were risk factors for VTE, while hydroxylchloroquine, antiplatelet drugs may help prevent VTE.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated with thyroid function abnormalities.Methods Serum thyroid function,anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were detected in 186 RA patients.Clinical data were then analyzed.Comparison of continuous data between groups was made by t test,while comparison of categorical data was made by x2 test.The non-normal distribution of the data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U rank sum test.Results Fifty-six RA cases (30％) had abnormal thyroid function,including 25 low T3 syndrome cases,16 subclinical hypothyroidism cases,10 hypothyroidism cases and 5 Graves' disease cases.Among them 23 cases were diagnosed as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.The positive rate in the hypothyroidism group with chills (45 cases,80.3％,x2=99.94),lazy words (14 cases,25.0％;x2=7.896),lethargy (24 cases,42.9％;x2=7.433) and abdominal distension (21 cases,37.5％;x2=7.15) was higher than that in the group with normal thyroid function (all P＜0.05).Level of serum high density lipoprotein was decreased in hypothyroid group [(1.0±0.5) mmol/L vs (1.4±0.6) mmol/L,t=4.087,P＜0.05].Patients with abnormal thyroid function had higher positive rate of ANA [(10 cases,7.7％) vs (25 cases,44.5％),x2=34.98],anti-SSA [(3 cases,2.3％) vs (23 cases,41.1％),x2=48.91],anti-SSB [(2 cases,1.5％) vs (12 cases,21.4％),x2=22.25],TGAb [(20 cases,15.4％) vs (43 cases,76.7％),x2=65.88] and TPOAb [(13 cases,10.0％) vs (27 cases,48.2％),x2=35.90] than those with normal thyroid function (all P＜O.05).Conclusion Rheumatoid arthritis is often accompanied by thyroid disease.The positive rate of auto-antibodies in RA with abnormal thyroid function is higher than those with normal thyroid function and has no relationship with the disease activity.

Objective To summarize our experience in the modified total cystectomy and neobladder in patients with invasive bladder cancer.Methods Twenty one male patients with invasive bladder cancer were treated with modified total cystectomy and neobladder.Reconstruction of the lower urinary tract using modifiled ileal neobladder(in 17 patients)and sigmoid neobladder(in 4 patients)were performed.The median age of the patients was 62 years.The patients were followed up for 1-4 years.Clinical outcomes of these patients was evaluated,including the function of the neobladder,urinary function,renal function,serum electrolytes and QOL.Results There was no surgical mortality.The operating time was 3.5-6.5 h(mean,4.5 h).Blood transfusion was required in 4 cases.Fifteen patients(97 ％ had voluntary control of urination at daytime and 6 at night.They were functional to control urination 3-6 months after operation.Hydronephrosis to certain extent occurred in 5 patients,but was recovered after 6-8 months.There were one case of intestinal obstruction and one case of metabolic acidosis.Residual urinary volume was 30 ml in 1 cases and 40 ml in another.Conclusions Modified total cystectomy and neobladder is an ideal technique to treat invasive bladder cancer with good clinical outcomes of tumor control,high life quality,few severe complications and good urination control.

With the development of tumor molecular biology and genomics, it has been recognized that there are great heterogeneity in the biological characteristics, molecular typing and reactivity of the same tumor species among different individuals. In order to achieve true tumor individualized and precise therapy, a new concept of human tumor tissue xenograftmodel (patient derived tumor xenograft, PDTX) is proposed. The previous study has revealed that PDTX model can truly reflect the biological characteristics of tumor tissue and drug efficacy. And PDTX model could be used to select individual che-motherapy regime, evaluate drug resistance and explore efficacy and safety of new drug. PDTX model has been used in clinical practice of several type of cancer including lung cancer. In this paper, the current research progress of lung cancer PDTX is reviewed.

Ninety six female patients with chronic renal failure were randomly allocated into combination group (n =48) and control group (n =48).In combination group patients received both kidney transplantation and hematopoietic stem cell infusion,in control group patients underwent kidney transplantation only.The results showed that chronic rejection in the combination group was lower than that in the control group [2％(1/48)vs.17％ (8/48),P＜0.05)].The 1-,3-,5-and 10 y-survival rates of kidney in the combination group were 98％ (47/48),94％ (45/48),83％ (34/41) and 9/17,respectively,those in control group were 98％ (47/48),90％ (43/48),76％ (31/41) and 7/17,respectively.Infusion of donor hematopoietic stem cells can augment chimerism in early postoperative period and significantly reduce the rate of graft rejection,which is beneficial for the quality of life of the recipients.

Objective To evaluate the association between birth weight and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) across two generations in Chinese females.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 10 324 blood-related females in Shanghai from November 2012 to January 2013.A structured questionnaire was used to collect data about demographic information,birth weight,lifestyle factors and diagnosis of T2DM.Path analysis was performed to estimate the matemal effect of birth weight and diabetes status on their offspring,and mediation analysis was conducted to test whether birth weight mediates the association between maternal and daughters' diabetes status.Results A positive association was observed between maternal and daughters' birth weight.One kg increase in maternal birth weight was associated with an average of 0.335 (95％CI:0.307-0.363) kg elevated birth weight in female offspring.Maternal diabetes status was also related with an average of 0.066 (95％ CI:0.025-0.107) kg increase in birth weight and tripled risk of subsequent T2DM (OR=3.173,95％CI:1.946-5.174) in female offspring.In all subjects aged ≥20 years,no significant relationship was observed between birth weight and risk of T2DM subsequently after adjusting for age.Offspring' s birth weight,as a mediator of maternal and daughters' diabetes status,explained 2.8％ of their association.Conclusion Maternal birth weight and diabetes status may influence their female offspring' s birth weight and subsequent risk of T2DM.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of animal model of the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in rats. Methods A total of 15 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery. Before the operation, the collagen scaffolds were treated with g 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride chemistry (EDC), and seeded with human bone marrow stem cells (h-MSCs). Three days after the surgery, 3 rats were randomly sacrificed to evaluate the transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract. One or 3 months later, other 3 rats at each timepoint were sacrificed, stained with Masson’s Trichrome to observe the degradation of scaffold. Furthermore, 4 weeks after the surgery, 4 rats were sacrificed and the hearts were sliced. Anti-human mitochondria staining was used to identify the survival of seeding cells. Results The transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract was feasible in rats at an acceptable mortality (13.3%). After EDC treatment, the degradation rate of collagen scaffold was extended greatly. The seeding cells were detected by anti-mitochandria immunofluorescent staining in all patches 4 weeks after the operation. Conclusion Rat model of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction could be a stable, reliable and economical screening model for engineered heart tissue research.