No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors*

We have investigated the genetic variation in the human apo B mRNA editing protein (apobec-1) gene. Exon 3 of the apobec-1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. After detection of an additional band by single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, sequencing of the SSCP shift sample revealed a single-base mutation. The mutation was a CGG transversion at codon 80 resulting in a lleRMet substitution. Thes substitution was confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis since a pvull site is abolished by the substitution. Population and family studies confirmed that the inheritance of the genotypes for apobec-1 gene polyomrphism is comtrolled by two codominant alleles (P1 and P2). A significant difference in plasma triglyceride was detected among the different apobec-1 genotypes in the CAD patients (P<0.05) Our study could provide the basis for elucidating the interaction between gentic variation of the apobec-1 gene and disorders related to lipid metabolism.
Alleles ; Apolipoproteins B* ; Codon ; Exons* ; Genetic Variation* ; Genotype ; Humans* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Plasma ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; RNA, Messenger* ; Triglycerides ; Wills

Leiomyosarcoma of the soft tissue is a well-defined and characteristic entity histologically, but cytomorphological studes are lacking. A correlaive cytological study of 2 cases of leiomyosarcoma is presented. The smears from case 1 were rich in tumor cells and most cells were arranged in large sheets or clusters. The cells showed round to oval nuclei containing fine chromatin and small promiment nucleoli. The smears from case 2 were moderate in cellularity with loose clusters or isolated cells. The characteristic blunt-ended and cigar-shaped nuclei containing coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli were identified in case 2. Nuclear atypia, prominent nucleoli and high cellularity permit diagnosis of malignancy, although the atypia is generally less pronounced than in the histology. The cytological diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma may be auxiliary in the diagnosis of recurrence or metastasis in the patients with alleged leiomyosarcoma.
Child* ; Chromatin ; Diagnosis ; Dialysis* ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Lipoproteins* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

The high level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Apolipoprotein (apo) B is a major protein component of LDL and plays an important role in the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis. In this study, six polymorphic sites of the apoB gene were anlaysed in 235 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 216 normal control subjects. There were no significant differences in the allele frequencies of apoB polymorphisms between the control and patient groups. However, haplotype frequencies were significantly different between the CAD patients and control (p<0.05). In addition, the allelic distributions of both EcoRI and MspI polymorphisms in Koreans were similar to those in Chinese but significantly different from those in Caucasians. ApoB polymorphisms showed no association with plasma lipid levels. In conclusion, haplotype analysis of the apoB gene using multiple diallelic markers might be a useful marker for Korean CAD patients.
Adult ; Apolipoproteins B/*genetics ; Coronary Arteriosclerosis/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Haplotypes ; Human ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Age ; Polymorphism (Genetics) ; Variation (Genetics)

This article introduces some commonly used methods of ozone concentration detection, including chemical method, UV absorption method, and electrochemical method etc., introduces the latest four ozone concentration sensors, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each method. In addition, the article emphatically introduces the ozone's applications and development in the medical aspects. Prospects for the use of ozone concentration detection, ozone treatment and ozone therapy instrument are also demonstrated in it. The literature collected and reviewed on ozone concentration detection and ozone therapy includes 37 papers in English, and 50 papers in Chinese, but only 30 articles among them are included in this review (19 in Chinese and 11 in English), according to the principle of eliminating the old information and repetitive contents. The present paper selects only those on ozone, ozone concentration, ozone therapy and ozone therapy instrument.
Hepatitis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Mouth Diseases ; drug therapy ; Ozone ; analysis ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUND: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is widely used for the monitoring of glycemic control in diabetes mellitus patients. Various methods are applied for the determination of HbA1c levels. Recently, a novel National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP)-certificated reagent (AutoLab HbA1c, IVD-LAB, Korea) was introduced for use in an automated chemistry analyzer. We evaluated the analytical performance of this immunoturbidimetry reagent and compared it with the ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (Variant II Turbo, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., USA) and immunoassay (Cobas Integra 800, Roche Diagnostics, Germany) methods. METHODS: Toshiba 200FR NEO (Toshiba Medical Systems Co., Japan) with the AutoLab reagent was evaluated for precision, linearity, carryover and compared with Cobas Integra and Variant II Turbo. RESULTS: Coefficients of variation (CVs) of within-run imprecision for low and high level were 1.8% and 0.7%, respectively. CVs of within-laboratory imprecision for low and high level were 2.4% and 1.0%, respectively. The linearity was excellent with R2 = 0.99 in the range of 3.05-15.50%. It was well correlated with Variant II Turbo (R=0.9904) and Cobas Integra 800 (R=0.9992). The carryover rate was 0.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The Toshiba 200FR NEO with the AutoLab reagent showed excellent precision and linearity and minimal carryover rate. It was well correlated with the other widely used methodological instruments. It may be used for the diagnosis and the treatment monitoring of diabetes.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Immunoassay

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the performance of multiplex tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in newborn screening for detection of 6 lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), namely, Niemann-Pick A/B, Krabbe, Gaucher, Fabry, and Pompe diseases and Hurler syndrome. METHODS: We revised the conditions and procedures of multiplex enzyme assay for the MS/MS analysis and determined the precision of our enzyme assay and the effects of sample amounts and incubation time on the results. We also measured the degree of correlation between the enzyme activities in the dried blood spots (DBSs) and those in the leukocytes. DBSs of 211 normal newborns and 13 newborns with various LSDs were analyzed using our revised methods. RESULTS: The intra- and inter-assay precisions were 2.9-18.7% and 8.1-18.1%, respectively. The amount of product obtained was proportional to the DBS eluate volume, but a slight flattening was observed in the product vs. sample volume curve at higher sample volumes. For each enzyme assay, the amount of product obtained increased linearly with the incubation period (range, 0-24 hr). Passing and Bablok regression analysis revealed that the enzyme activities in the DBSs and those in the leukocytes were favorably correlated. The enzyme activities measured in the DBSs were consistently lower in patients with LSDs than in normal newborns. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of our revised techniques for MS/MS detection and enzyme assays was of the generally acceptable standard. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of MS/MS for newborn screening of LSDs in an Asian population.
Dried Blood Spot Testing ; Enzyme Assays ; Enzymes/blood ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukocytes/enzymology ; Lysosomal Storage Diseases/*diagnosis ; Republic of Korea ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/*methods ; Time Factors

BACKGROUND: Ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are the main causes of death and platelets are responsible for the formation of arterial thrombi. Platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP) associated with coagulation pathway are GPIb/V/IX, GPIa/IIa, and GPIIb/IIIa. We evaluated genotype and allele frequencies of seven platelet glycoprotein genes associated with arterial thrombosis. METHODS: Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of 300 unrelated Korean and single nucleotide polymorphism of platelet glycoproteins was analyzed. PCR with sequence specific primers was used to investigate GPIa C807T and GPIbalpha VNTR polymorphism. PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) was used to investigate GPIa G1648A and C2531T, GPIbalpha C524T and T-5C, and GPIIIa T1565C polymorphism. RESULTS: The allele frequencies of GPIa C807T were 807C 0.733, 807T 0.267; GPIa 1648G 0.975, 1648A 0.025; GPIa C2531T, 2531C 1.000, 2531T 0.000; GPIbalpha C524T, 524C 0.927, 524T 0.073; GPIbalpha VNTR, A 0.017, B 0.015, C 0.558, D 0.410; GPIbalpha T-5C, -5T 0.726, -5C 0.274; GPIIIa T1565C, 1565T 0.995, 1565C 0.005. CONCLUSION: The genotype and allele frequencies of GPIa G1648A, GPIbalpha C524T, and GPIIIa T1565C were similar to established data. GPIa 807T and -5T allele of Kozak polymorphism showed low frequency compared with other ethnic group. Allele frequencies of GPIbalpha VNTR A and B alleles were very alike (0.017 vs 0.015). In this study, we firstly evaluated the genotype and allele frequencies of GPIa C2531T and GPIbalpha VNTR, T-5C polymorphisms in Korean population. This study will serve as a basic data for the study of platelet glycoproteins associated with arterial thrombosis in Korean.
Alleles* ; Blood Platelets* ; Cause of Death ; DNA ; Ethnic Groups ; Gene Frequency* ; Genotype* ; Glycoproteins* ; Humans ; Integrin alpha2 ; Integrin beta3 ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Thrombosis*

BACKGROUND: Plasma hemoglobin has usually been determined by the spectrophotometric method of Harboe. This method is known to show interference by bilirubin and turbidity, although the method is easy. In order to correct the spurious increase of plasma hemoglobin concentration caused by hyper-bilirubinemia, we compared plasma hemoglobin assays by using various spectrophotometry methods and tried to select the method of minimal interference. METHODS: We performed five plasma hemoglobin assays based on spectrophotometry (Harboe, Noe, Kahn, Fairbanks 1, and Fairbanks 2) and three bilirubin assays (Fairbanks 1, Fairbanks 2, and bilirubin oxidase) on 100 patients without hemolysis and lipemia. RESULTS: The method of Kahn, et al. and the method 2 of Fairbanks, et al. of the plasma hemoglobinassay seemed to minimally interfere with the bilirubin. Only plasma oxyhemoglobin was measured by the method of Kahn, et al .; on the other hand, plasma hemoglobin and bilirubin could be measured one at a time by the method 2 of Fairbanks, et al. Method 1 of Fairbanks, et al. seemed to interfere extremely with bilirubin. CONCLUSIONS: Method 2 of Fairbanks, et al. is the first choice for the plasma hemoglobin assay considering the interference with bilirubin.
Bilirubin ; Hand ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia* ; Hyperlipidemias ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Plasma* ; Spectrophotometry

BACKGROUND: To prevent complications of diabetes mellitus, diabetic patients should test blood glucose level frequently. In these days, glucometers are widely used for self-monitoring and many kinds of products are introduced. We performed the present study to evaluate the performance of glucophone (GlucoPack(TM), Infopia Co. Ltd., Anyang, Korea) as a point-of-care testing glucometer. METHODS: Glucometers including glucophone and Finetest(TM) (Infopia Co. Ltd., Anyang, Korea) were evaluated for precision, linearity, and accuracy. The interpersonal variation by different operators, reagent stability, comparison capillary blood with venous blood, and user acceptability were also evaluated. RESULTS: Glucophone and Finetest glucometer showed excellent precisions wtih less than 5% of CVs of within-run and total precision. Linearity was also satisfactory from 24 to 517 mg/dL for glucophone and Finetest glucometer. Comparison with routine chemistry autoanalyzer, TBA-200FR showed close concordance over the entire range of evaluated concentrations (y = 0.8397x + 3.8351, x = TBA-200FR, y=glucophone, R2=0.9523). There were no significant changes in test results during exposure period at room temperature after opening the reagents. Generally random users expressed high satisfaction to glucophone with the exception of complicated operating method. CONCLUSION: Glucophone showed excellent precision, linearity, and correlation with the reference method. Because POCT glucometers are influenced by operator and multiple external factors, it is important that users recognize interfering factors and preservation conditions of test strips. It is hoped that glucophone is a good POCT glucose meter by establishment continuous quality control system and improvement of operation.
Blood Glucose ; Capillaries ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glucose ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hope ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Quality Control