BACKGROUND

Without adequate preparation and competence, nursing students entering the practice might not respond effectively to the growing health and healthcare disparities among the LGBTQ+ population.

OBJECTIVE

Guided by Pacquiao's Framework for Culturally Competent Healthcare, the study aimed to describe and to compare nursing students' self-rated LGBTQ+ care competence by personal, sociocultural, and educational characteristics, and identify the relationship between LGBTQ+ care competence, level of compassion, and the number of LGBTQ+-related topics offered in nursing curriculum.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was implemented through online survey among fourth-year nursing students (N = 208) from nursing schools in Metro Manila using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender-Nursing Education Assessment instrument, the Revised Short Version of the Compassionate Love for Humanity Scale, and the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

RESULTS

Nursing students' overall LGBTQ+ care competence mean rating score was 5.21 out of 7.0. Attitudinal awareness had the highest mean rating score (mean= 6.34, SD= 0.98), followed by basic knowledge (mean= 4.93, SD= 1.27) and clinical preparedness (mean=4.25, SD=1.23). Significant differences in the overall LGBTQ+ care competence mean rating scores were found based on exposure to LGBTQ+-related media contents (p=.03), personal experience in caring for LGBTQ+ clients (p=.00), ethnicity (p=.020), friends' acceptance of LGBTQ.

CONCLUSION

Findings show that the current generation of nursing students has more positive awareness, acceptance, and attitudes toward the LGBTQ+ population. Embedding LGBTQ+ health in the nursing curriculum must be strategically placed.

Cultural Competency ; Education, Nursing ; Students, Nursing ; Sexual And Gender Minorities

Objective: To analyze the effect of intervention programs and influencing factors regarding the community "5+1" staged diabetes target management on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to provide evidence for improving the quality of life (QOL). Methods: A total of 12 community health service centers from Shanxi province, Jiangsu province, and Ningxia Hui autonomous region were selected as intervention group and control group, by stratified cluster sampling method. "5+1" model was used in intervention groups and basic public health services model was applied in control groups for this two-year follow-up. Data was collected through a questionnaire on demographic and disease-related information, while the QOL was measured with SF-36. Multiple linear regression and conducted by SAS 9.4. Results: A total of 2 467 subjects were included at baseline and 1 924 had completed a two-year-long management service. After intervention programs being implemented, the net effect of PCS score between the intervention and the control groups was 13.6, with the net effect of MCS score as 29.8. Results from the multiple linear regression showed that the main factors affecting PCS scores included age, type of medical insurance, baseline PCS score and regions of residency. Main factors related to MCS score included age, type of medical insurance, baseline MCS score, hypertension, and region of residency. Conclusion: Community "5+1" staged diabetes target management model presented favorable effect of improving the QOL on T2DM patients.
Community Health Services/organization & administration* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Program Evaluation ; Quality of Life ; Self Care ; Self-Management ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To evaluate the serological diagnostic value of Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis four new antigens Rv0432, Rv0674, Rv1566c and Rv1547. Methods:Rv0432, Rv0674, Rv1566c and Rv1547 were amplified from M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv genomic DNA by using PCR, among which Rv1547 was divided into two segments for amplification (Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2). The segments were cloned into expression vector PET-32a while the recombinant proteins were purified by affinity chromatography. Serums were incubated with BL21 (DE3) proteins. Antibodies IgG against M. tuberculosis were tested with 151 serum samples (41 healthy people and 110 TB patients) by using ELISA. The diagnostic efficiency of antigens was analyzed by means of receiver operating characteristic curve. Difference of the objective proteins in TB patients and healthy controls was compared by t-test. Results: Recombinant antigens Rv0432, Rv0674, Rv1566c, Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2 were successfully expressed and purified. Results from ELISA showed that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Youden index and area under the curve of Rv0432, Rv0674, Rv1566c, Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2, as 43.64%-92.73%, 80.49%-92.68%, 0.92-0.94, 0.38-0.80, 0.363-0.732 and 0.649-0.915. All the objective proteins showed significantly higher antibody levels in TB patients, when compared to the healthy controls (P<0.000 1). Conclusion: The newly identified antigens Rv0432, Rv0674, Rv1566c, Rv1547-1 and Rv1547-2 all performed well when being used for TB serological diagnosis, thus were expected to be new candidate antigens used for TB diagnosis.
Antigens, Bacterial/genetics* ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolism* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; ROC Curve ; Recombinant Proteins ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serologic Tests/methods* ; Tuberculosis/genetics*