No abstract available.
Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers* ; Vaccination*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a well-documented rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia characterized by hypoplastic/aplastic clavicles, brachycephalic skull, patent sutures and fontanelles, midface hypoplasia, and abnormalities of dentition. Patients with cleidocranial dysplasia often complain about undesirable esthetic appearance of their forehead and skull. Notwithstanding many studies of molecular, genetics and skeletal abnormalities of this congenial disorder, there have been very few written reports of cranioplasty involving cleidocranial dysplasia. Thus, we report a rare case of successful cranioplasty using a modified split calvarial graft technique in patient with cleidocranial dysplasia.
Clavicle ; Cleidocranial Dysplasia* ; Dentition ; Forehead ; Genetics ; Humans ; Skull ; Sutures ; Transplants*

OBJECTIVE: The risk of complications is high for patients with a large cranial defect and hydrocephalus, undergoing cranioplasty and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt operation. The purpose of this study is to examine retrospectively such cases with complications and contrive an operative technique to reduce complications. METHODS: Nineteen patients underwent cranioplasty and VP shunt operation due to large cranial defects and hydrocephalus. These patients were divided into two groups: Group A with 10 patients who underwent staged-operations, and Group B with 9 patients who underwent one-stage operation. Their complications in each group were retrospectively reviewed. Another five patients underwent a one-stage operation with temporary occlusion of the distal shunt catheter to improve on the technique and were categorized as Group C. Complications in these groups were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The results of the data analysis revealed that complications related to anesthesia (40%) and those related to antibiotic prophylaxis (30%) were high in Group A, while non-infectious delayed complications (45%) and perioperative complications such as intracranial hematoma (33%) were high in Group B. However, for patients in Group C, it showed less complication with the operative technique devised by these authors, as opposed to two previous procedures. CONCLUSION: In patients with hydrocephalus and a large cranial defect, complications arising from existing one-stage operation or staged-operations can be reduced by implementing the technique of "one-stage operation with temporary occlusion of the distal shunt catheter."
Anesthesia ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Catheters ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistics as Topic ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt*

We performed a retrospective study on evisceration and enucleation operated at Chosun University hospital and Chonnam University hospital during the period of 10 years from January 1982 to December 1991. The total number of cases was 550. The incidence was mow common in male. The male and female ratio was 1.85: 1(Male 64.9%, Female 35.1%). The frequency of enucleation and evisceration was as follows trauma; 281 cases(51.1%), glaucoma; 76 cases(13.8%), corneal ulcer; 69 cases(12.6%), panophthalmitis; 43 cases(7.8%), tumor; 33 cases(6.0%), phthisis bulbi, 26 cases(4.7%), others; 22 cases(4.0%). The most frequent cause of the trauma whitch had been eviscerated or enucleated was traffic accident; 129 cases(45.9%), followed by violence; 73 cases(25.9%), industrial accident, 37 cases(13.2%), toy and pencil; 19 cases(6.8%), sports; 12 cases(4.3%), unknown; 11 cases(3.9%). The age-related incidence was peak in the third decades 86 cases(15.6%), followed by fifth decades 85 cases(15.5%) and fourth and sixth decades 82 cases(14.9%), respectively. The mean annual incidince rate was significantly greater among males than females: 2.33 per 100,000 population and 1.93 per 100,000 population, respectively. The overall mean annual rate was 2.13.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Corneal Ulcer ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Gwangju* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do* ; Male ; Panophthalmitis ; Play and Playthings ; Retrospective Studies ; Sports ; Violence

We performed a retrospective study on evisceration and enucleation operated at Chosun University hospital and Chonnam University hospital during the period of 10 years from January 1982 to December 1991. The total number of cases was 550. The incidence was mow common in male. The male and female ratio was 1.85: 1(Male 64.9%, Female 35.1%). The frequency of enucleation and evisceration was as follows trauma; 281 cases(51.1%), glaucoma; 76 cases(13.8%), corneal ulcer; 69 cases(12.6%), panophthalmitis; 43 cases(7.8%), tumor; 33 cases(6.0%), phthisis bulbi, 26 cases(4.7%), others; 22 cases(4.0%). The most frequent cause of the trauma whitch had been eviscerated or enucleated was traffic accident; 129 cases(45.9%), followed by violence; 73 cases(25.9%), industrial accident, 37 cases(13.2%), toy and pencil; 19 cases(6.8%), sports; 12 cases(4.3%), unknown; 11 cases(3.9%). The age-related incidence was peak in the third decades 86 cases(15.6%), followed by fifth decades 85 cases(15.5%) and fourth and sixth decades 82 cases(14.9%), respectively. The mean annual incidince rate was significantly greater among males than females: 2.33 per 100,000 population and 1.93 per 100,000 population, respectively. The overall mean annual rate was 2.13.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Corneal Ulcer ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Gwangju* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do* ; Male ; Panophthalmitis ; Play and Playthings ; Retrospective Studies ; Sports ; Violence

No abstract available.
Aminophylline* ; Humans* ; Ritodrine* ; Uterus*

Background: Thioacetamide is a classic hepatotoxic reagent which leads to the reproducible hepatic fibrosis in rats. Thioacetamide-induced fibrosis is an appropriate model for cirrhosis in humans due to the long duration of course and similiar histology. Thioacetamide produces hepatotoxicity through lipid peroxidation but it is unclear whether lipid peroxidation directly correlated with hepatic fibrosis. Pentoxifylline, a derivative of the methylxanthine, showed an antifibrogenic effect in cell cultures of human fibroblasts and some animal models. But this antifibrogenic effect is controversial. Pentoxifylline revealed a hepatoprotective effect in some toxic hepatitis. This hepatoprotective effect seems to influence cell cycle regulatory protein during regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate an effect of pentoxifylline on fibrosis and cell cycle regulatory protein during liver regeneration in thioacetamide-induced rat cirrhosis. Lipid peroxidation assay was compared with collagen content so as to evaluate the correlation with fibrosis. METHOD: Liver cirrhosis was induced by 0.03% oral administration of thioacetamide. Pentoxifylline was administered simultaneously with thioacetamide. The semiquantitative fibrosis index was measured based on histologic finding. Collagen content was estimated by spectrophotometric assay. Activated hepatic stellate cells were counted using alpha-SMA immunohistochemistry. Malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation metabolite, was estimated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay. Cell cycle regulatory protein was evaluated by western blot. RESULTS: There was no difference in semiquantitative fibrosis index, collagen content and hepatic stellate cell count between thioacetamide treated rats and simultaneous pentoxifylline treated rats. Lipid peroxidation product was not correlated with collagen content. Western blot showed no difference in cell cycle regulatory protein. CONCLUSION: Pentoxifylline does not show an antifibrogenic effect in thioacetamide-induced rat cirrhosis, in which thioacetamide induced hepatocellular damage and fibrosis. Lipid peroxidation may be a secondary effect rather than primary mediating mechanism in hepatic fibrosis.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Cycle* ; Collagen ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis* ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver Regeneration ; Liver* ; Malondialdehyde ; Models, Animal ; Negotiating ; Pentoxifylline* ; Rats* ; Regeneration ; Thioacetamide

Flow cytometry, a useful tool for measuring DNA content and cell differentiation as expressed by cell surface markers, is utilized to measure multiple antigens, especially surface antigen, intracellular oncoprotein, and DNA content, simultaneously. For this simultaneous detection, several methods off ixation and permeabilization have been used with limited values. In this study, 20 ng/ml of lysolecithin in 1% paraformaldehyde solution was utilized for fixation and permeabilization of cultured promyelocytic leukemic cells(HL 60). The cells were first stained with phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated monoclonal antibody to the cell surface My 7 antigen and then were fixed and permeabilized with 20 ng/ml of lysolecithin in 1% partormaldehyde solution. After incubation, the fixed and permeabilized cells were stained with monoclonal antibody to intracellular c-myc antigen, which were followed by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated secondary antibody. The c-myc stained cells were finally stained for DNA content with 7-amino-actinomycin D(7-AAD). This procedure permits excellent staining for intracellular oncoproteins and preservation of surface antigens with relatively low cofficients of variation (CV) for the G0G1 peak of the DNA histograms and suggests that the sequential staining procedure of surface antigen, intracellular antigen, and DNA content will be extended for the study of correlations with cellular differentiation, expression of oncoproteins, and cell cycle analysis in the cells which are obtained from human malignant diseases using a 488 nm single laser flow cytometry.
Antigens, Surface* ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA* ; Flow Cytometry* ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Oncogene Proteins ; Phycoerythrin