Glaucoma and cataract frequently coexist in the geriatric population. As the combined operation for glaucoma and cataract is still a controversial subject, several authors have recently used trabeculectomy in combination with cataract extraction with good results. In our combined trabeculectomy and cataract extraction procedure on 10 eyes of 9 patients, there was a 60% average decrease in intraocular pressure from 40.0 mmHg to 16.5 mmHg. Visual acuity improved in all cases. The postoperative complications were few. According to our follow-up findings, the combined procedure is no more traumatic than an ordinary cataract extraction.
Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Postoperative Complications ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Acuity

Osteoma is relatively rare benign tumor of non-inflammatory origin having a circumscribed form, a definite periosteal covering forming a line of cleavage from adjacent structures and showing active participation of osteoblasts. The tumor commonly originates in a nasal accessory sinus or calvaria and may invade the orbit relatively early in its growth, causing ocular disability prior to localizing signs in the smus. We have reported a giant osteoma in an adult having right eye protrusion, pain and interference of eyeball movements. The mass was totally removed by transcranial route successfully with no development of significant complications. The mass was extremely hard, well circumscribed and extended into right frontal, ethmoidal sinuses and orbital cavity.
Adult ; Ethmoid Sinus* ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoma* ; Skull

The authors have recently experienced a case of cysticercosis within the posterior chamber in a 25 year-old Korean woman. Using a Goldmann's 3-mirror contact lens, we detected a typical larva which was located behind the iris, between the anterior surface of the zonule and outer side of the ciliary process. Surgical removal of the cysticercus was performed from the posterior edge 4mm sclerotomy through the pars plana on the temporal side of the left eye. The characteristic scolex with suckers discovered on post-operative histologic section confirmed the diagnosis. Six months after operation, visual acuity improved from finger count 20cm to 20/30.
Adult ; Cysticercosis* ; Cysticercus ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Iris ; Larva ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

Perforated vinyl mulching technique was performed on Pleurotus sajor-caju beds to assess fruitbody formation. Individual fruitbody of P. sajor-caju was transformed into bunch type on vinyl mulching bed. It was effective to grow the mushroom without waterlogging and abortion of small pins on the beds as well as hygienical bed management. A bunch showed 79 fruitbodies and 225 g of weight. Available site for fruiting was reduced up to 20% in comparison of 100% for conventional bed. The color of fruitbody turned on brownish white from treated vinyl mulching bed.
Agaricales ; Fruit ; Pleurotus*

PURPOSE: The number of elderly patients who undergo surgery for gastric cancer has increased in recent years due to a life expectancy. To prevent fatal complications and increase the survival rate in gastric cancer patients, this study endeavored to clarify the risk factors contributing to postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing a radical gastrectomy. METHODS: Between January 1997 and December 1998, 176 patients underwent a gastrectomy for gastric cancer. For this review, the patients were divided into two groups; 30 patients over 70 years of age (older group) and 102 patients below 70 years of age (younger group), were prepared. A retrospective study was performed to examine the factors related to the high rate of complications and to compare the operative and general complications. RESULTS: The incidences of preoperative combined disease were 56.6% in the older group and 31.3% in the younger group (p<0.05), but no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications (36.6% versus 38.2%) was found between the two groups. The most common postoperative complications were wound infections, pulmonary disorders, and intraabdominal infections. CONCLUSION: Despite the increased rate of preoperative combined disease in older patients, patients over 70 years are able to tolerate a radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer when optimal perioperative management is provided and blood loss is reduced.
Aged* ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraabdominal Infections ; Life Expectancy ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate ; Wound Infection

Of 354 pneumoria patients hospitalized between November 1984 and December 1985, 64 had mycoplasmal pneumonia with fever, cough, rales, and injected throats. Fifty-eight percent of them were between 5 and 9 years of age, and peak incidence was between 5 and 6. The mean age of onset was 6.3 years of age. Thirty-five were male, and 29, female. X-rays showed air-space pneumonia in 73.4%, with a preponderance of segmental or lobdr distribution, and hilar lymphadenopathy was frequent in comparsion with other pneumonias. Antibody titers against M. pneumoniae were distributed between 1:40 and 1:5, 120. Of 24 tested for cold agglutinins, 23 (96%) showed titers of 1:64 or higher. Extrapulmonary manifestations were uncommon, but hepatitis, hematuria, skin rash, gastroenteritis, and myopericarditis (one or more) occurred in some cases. In school-ased children with manifestations of "unusual pneumonia" we should test for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, provide adequate therapy, and prevent life-threatening complications.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Human ; Infant ; Male ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/diagnosis*

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to detect and quantify auto-positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP) in anesthetized patients using a Laser-Flex endotracheal tube (Mallincrodt, ID, 6.0 mm), by comparing the effects of changes in tidal volume and respiratory rate. METHODS: All patients (n = 30) undergoing elective surgery were anesthetized, paralyzed and intubated with a ID 8.0 mm endotracheal tube (n = 10, control), ID 6.0 mm endotracheal tube (n = 10, group S), or ID 6.0 mm Laser-Flex endotracheal tube (n = 10, group L), respectively. After anesthetic induction, ventilator settings using a Siemens Servo 900C were changed for a tidal volume of 8, 10 ml/kg, respiratory rates of 10, 12 or 14 breaths/min. Peak airway pressure was measured and auto-PEEP was quantified using an end-expiratory occlusion method. Data recorded on the Bicore CP-100 pulmonary monitor was transfered to a PC and analyzed by processing software (ANADAT). RESULTS: In group S and L, peak airway pressure and auto-PEEP were higher than control group and increased during an increase in tidal volume (P < 0.05). But they were increased significantly during an increase of respiratory rate, only when the tidal volume was 10 ml/kg (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There was an increase of auto-PEEP in anesthetized patients using a Laser-Flex endotracheal tube during incremental changes of tidal volume and respiratory rates.
Humans ; Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic* ; Respiratory Rate* ; Tidal Volume* ; Ventilators, Mechanical

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may be one of the important causes of cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with cryptogenic HCC share clinical features similar to that of NAFLD. METHODS: Cryptogenic HCC was defined as HCC that occurs in patients with the following conditions: HBsAg(-), anti-HCV(-), and alcohol ingestion of less than 20 g/day. All patients diagnosed with cryptogenic HCC from 2005 to 2012 (cryptogenic HCC group), and all patients diagnosed with HBV associated HCC between 2008 and 2012 (HBV-HCC group) were enrolled in the present study. Clinical features, BMI, lipid profiles, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Cryptogenic HCC group was composed of 35 patients (19 males and 16 females) with a mean age of 70+/-11 years. HBV-HCC group was composed of 406 patients (318 males and 88 females) with a mean age of 56+/-7 years. Patients in the cryptogenic HCC group were older (p=0.001) and female dominant (p=0.042) than those in the HBV-HCC group. There were no differences in the laboratory test results including lipid profiles and Child-Turcotte-Pugh class between the two groups. Patients in the cryptogenic HCC group had higher prevalence of diabetes (37% vs. 17%, p=0.015), hypertension (49% vs. 27%, p=0.051), metabolic syndrome (37% vs. 16%, p=0.001), and higher BMI (25.3 kg/m2 vs. 24.1 kg/m2, p=0.042) than those in the HBV-HCC group. The tumor stage was more advanced (stage III and IV) at diagnosis in the cryptogenic HCC group than in the HBV-HCC group (60% vs. 37%, p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Cryptogenic HCC has clinical features similar to that of NAFLD and is diagnosed at a more advanced tumor stage.
Age Factors ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnosis/etiology/pathology ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology ; Female ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications ; Lipids/blood ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis/etiology/pathology ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/complications ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/*diagnosis/pathology ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Factors

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to examine the association of educational level and socioeconomic status with glucose metabolism including prediabetes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study subjects were 882 (mean age: 51.0 +/- 13.4 years, M:F = 241:641) without diabetes, aged more than 20 years and residing in Whasu 2 dong in Incheon. We classified them into three levels according to their educational level: primary (illiterate or up to elementary school), secondary (middle school or high school) and tertiary (university), and into three levels according to their socioeconomic status by self reported questionnaire: low, middle and high. Subjects were diagnosed as three groups (normal, prediabetes and diabetes) by American Diabetes Association criteria using 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The association of educational level and socioeconomic status with glucose metabolism was analyzed. RESULTS: The number of normal group was 300 (34.0%), that of prediabetes was 470 (53.3%) and that of diabetes was 112 (12.7%). In women, the proportion of primary educational group was larger than that of secondary educational group in diabetes (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-3.51) and larger than that of tertiary educational group in prediabetes ([OR] = 2.00; [CI]: 1.06-3.78). But socioeconomic status did not have the statistical association with glucose metabolism in women. Also both educational level and socioeconomic status had no statistical association with glucose metabolism in men. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of low educational level is larger in prediabetes and diabetes compared with normal group in women.
Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Prediabetic State ; Self Report ; Social Class