Additional a case of ectopic kidney with a literatural review was presented. Right kidney was located at the level of 4th lumbal spine and shortening of the right ureter. Left one was normal.
Kidney* ; Spine ; Ureter

No abstract available.
Osteomyelitis*

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is a rare autosomal recessive hemorrhagic disorder characterized by prolonged bleeding time, ad deficient or absent clot retraction in the presence of normal platelet count. The major underlying abnormality in this disease is grossly defective first-phase aggregation of platelet, which are unresponsive to ADP or other platelet agonists such as epinephrine, collagen, thrombin in any concentration. This disability is caused by a decrease or absence of the platelet membrans glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex, a member of the integrin family of adhesive receptors involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix fibronectin, and vitronectin On the development of surface labeling technique, a variety of biochemical techniques such as radioimmunoassay, crossed immunoelectrophoresis and SDS-PAGE have been used to study the structure and the function of platelet membrane glycoproteins, and to detect the platelet functional defect. But all of these techniques demand a relatively large amount of homogeneous paletelet population that requires manipulation through isolation and washing procedures before analysis. In order to eliminaste such an intricate procedure, we have applied method for analyzing platelet surface components in whole blood using monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry to recognize the absence of severe reduction of platelet membrane glycoprotien llb-llla complex. Platelet analysis by flow cytometry is a successful alternative rapid diagnostic technique for Glanzmann's thrombasthenia patients as well as well as for carriers of this disease. Fow cytometry technique provides a sensitive tool for investigating platelet functional defects caused by altered expression or deficiency of platelet surface proteins.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adhesives ; Bleeding Time ; Blood Platelets* ; Clot Retraction ; Collagen ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Epinephrine ; Fibronectins ; Flow Cytometry* ; Glycoproteins ; Hemorrhagic Disorders ; Humans ; Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional ; Membrane Glycoproteins* ; Membrane Proteins ; Membranes* ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thrombasthenia* ; Thrombin ; Vitronectin

No abstract available.
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration* ; Esophageal Fistula* ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic* ; Pyloric Stenosis*

BACKGROUND: Although exact mechanism of adult respiratory distress syndorme (ARDS) is not known, many evidences suggest that inflammatory mediators such as protease and oxygen radicals may be the final common pathway to the endothelial injury. It is gradually accepted that activated neutrophils play a major role in the process. Pentoxifylline is a methylated xanthine with a wide range of actions that make it theoretically useful in the treatment of ARDS. Studies show that it decreases neutrophil phagocytosis and superoxied production. The aim of this experiment is to determine whether pentoxifylline has a preventive effect on oleic acid-induced lung injury. METHODS: Oleic acid (0.08 ml/kg) was infused in 10 mongrel dogs in order to induce acute lung injury. Pentoxifylline (20 mg/kg) was administered 40 mins before oleic acid injection. The author made a comparative studies on the effects of pentoxifylline on hemodynamics and gas exchange before oleic acid injection and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 mins after oleic acid injection. RESULTS: There were not significant changes in mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistence, pulmonary wedge pressure intrapulmonary shunt in both groups. There were statistical significance in arterial oxygen tension, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance between both groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pentoxifylline is a noteworthy drug that could be a candidate as a therapy to help prevent effect in lung injuries that share a common mechanism with oleic acid-induced lung injury.
Acute Lung Injury ; Adult ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Dogs ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Lung Injury* ; Lung* ; Neutrophils ; Oleic Acid ; Oxygen ; Pentoxifylline* ; Phagocytosis ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Vascular Resistance ; Xanthine

Effect of varying hematocrit ratio on the gastric acid production was studied in the heart-stomach preparation of the frog. When the hematocrit ratio was raised by injecting packed red blood cells obtained from the same species of frog, the acid production was increased significantly as compared to the low hematocrit group in which hematocrit ratio was lowered by injecting frog's normal saline. When a small amount of histamine was added to the medium of 25degree C, the acid production was increased in all cases, but the difference in the acid production between the high and the low hematocrit groups was abolished. However, when the temperature of the medium was lowered to 15degree C, the differences in the acid production between the two groups became significant. When a large amount of acetazolamide was added to the medium at 25degree C, the acid production was decreased significantly in both groups without showing a significant difference between the two groups. The reason(s) responsible for the increased acid production in the high hematocrit group was discussed.

Aniskiasis is caused by the accidental infestation of human by larvae of marine mammals found in saltwater fish and squid. The clinical picture may be severe enough to stimulate an acute surgical abdomen. More commonly, colicky pain, diffuse abdominal tenderness, nausea, vomiting, fever, and leukocytosis are seen. Gastroscopically, 2-to 4-cm larvae can be seen penetrating the mucosa. More characteristically, the larvae burrow into the mucosa of the stomach. Here they produce eosinophilic granulomatous tumors with edema, thickening, and induration which may be mistaken for gastric canceer. The pathalogic changes are thought to be the result of a hypersensitivity reaction. We report a case of chronic gastric anisakiasis, which was diagnosed as submucosal tumor with massive bleeding.
Abdomen ; Anisakiasis* ; Abdominal Pain ; Decapodiformes ; Edema ; Eosinophils ; Fever ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Larva ; Leukocytosis ; Mammals ; Mucous Membrane ; Nausea ; Stomach ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Perindopril. a new second-generation angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor developed by Servier Research, was administered in essential hypertensive patients in order to observe the clinical effects. METHOD: The changes of blood pressure, heart rate, quality of life, clinical laboratory examinations, side effects, electrocardiogram and echocardiographic left ventricular mass were evaluated before and after 4-12mg of perindopril 12 weeks' administration in 25 essential hypertensive patients(mild 10, moderate 8, severe 5, very severe 2 : male 7, female 18 ; mean age 53.1+/-8.9 years). RESULT: 1) After treatment with perindopril alone, blood pressures were lowered markedly in 17(68%), moderately in 5(20%) and mildly in 2(8%) cases. The average of blood pressures of 25 subjects were systolic 173.1+/-22.8mmHg and diastolic 105.9+/-9.5mmHg before treatment, which were lowered to 125.2+/-14.9mmHg and 83.2+/-9.0mmHg respectively after 12 weeks(p<0.0001). 2) Quality of Life improved markedly in 11(44%) and slightly in 9(36%) cases after perindopril administration. 3) On electrocardiographic follow-up study, three out of five left ventricular hypertrophy with strain, seven out of 13 left ventricular hypertrophy, two out of three ST segment and T wave change and two sinus tachycardia were improved. Echocardiographic left ventricular mass was reduced significantly form 249.4+/-72.7g to 202.9 56.3g after 12 weeks perindopril treatment(p<0.0001). 4) Side effects were 5 cases of dry cough and 3 facial flushing. 5) Final Assessment of perindopril effect including hypotensive effect, quality of life, left ventricular mass regression and side effect showed very useful in 16(64%) and useful in 6(24%) out of 25 subjects. CONCLUSION: Perindopril may be an effective initial single antihypertensive agent for the treatment of varying degree of hypertension, especially with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Blood Pressure ; Cough ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Flushing ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Male ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Perindopril ; Quality of Life ; Tachycardia, Sinus

Because central venous O2 saturation (superior vena cava, ScvO2) can be monitored with less risk of the patients than mixed venous O2 saturation (pulmonary artery, SvO2), there have been studies to see if ScvO2 could replace SvO2. But previous studies showed that these two measurements were correlated but "not interchangeable. Therefore the authors compared right atrial C#b saturation (SraO2) with S vO2 over a wide range of cardiorespiratory status including control, hemorrhage, resuscitation, and hypoxia in anesthetized cats. We performed thoracotomy and inserted cannulae directly into the right atrium and the pulmonary artery. Blood sampling were obtained synchronously through the cannulae and tested immediately. The correlation coefficients in control, hemorrhage, resuscitation, and hypoxia groups were 0.876, 0.794, 0.946, 0.948 respectively and the two measurements in each group showed statistically significant correlations (p<0.05). But the biases of the two measurements in each group were 0.11+/-2.9, 0.35+/-4.2, -0.55+/-3.2, 0.23+/-4.2 respectively and the limits of agreement ( 2 standard deviation) in all groups exceeded permissible (5%) to conclude that the two measurements were in agreement. Thus, we reached the conclusion that the absolute values of SraO2, though not being sufficiently identical to S vO2 to calculate O2 uptake or pulmonary shunt precisely, can reflect the S vO2 trend following the O2 supply / demand change. Further clinical studies are needed.
Animals ; Anoxia* ; Arteries ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Catheters ; Cats* ; Heart Atria* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Oxygen* ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Resuscitation* ; Shock, Hemorrhagic* ; Thoracotomy

BACKGROUND: Perfluorocarbon (PFC) liquids have high oxygen carrying capacity and relatively low surface tension allowing them to spread evenly through the diseased lung, especially in the case of adult respiratory distress syndrome. But few studies have demonstrated the effects of PFC on a bronchoconstriction model. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PFC on pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange in methacholine-induced bronchoconstricted cats using a flow interruption technique. METHODS: Twenty male cats were divided into four groups; control group (group C, n = 5), PFC group (group P, PFC 5 ml/kg, n = 5), methacholine group (group M, 25 microgram/kg/min, n = 5), PFC and methacholine group (group MP, n = 5). Respiratory pressure using a flow interruption technique was measured immediately after stabilizing the heart rate and blood pressure 0, and 15, 30 and 60 min after the start of the intratracheal administration of PFC and/or methacholine infusion, depending on the group. Arterial blood gas analysis was done to compare arterial partial oxygen pressure among the groups at the time of measuring the pressure values. The pressure data was transferred to a personal computer and analyzed using ANADAT software program. Respiratory, airway and tissue viscoelastic pressure were calculated. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA and statistical significance was defined as P <0.05. RESULTS: Group M and MP showed significantly increased airway pressures compared with group C (P <0.05), but there was no difference among the groups in terms of viscoelastic pressure. Arterial blood gas analysis showed that group P and MP had lower arterial partial oxygen pressures than group C (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the intratracheal administration of PFC in a bronchoconstriction cat model increases airway pressure more than tissue viscoelastic pressure, and decreased arterial oxygen partial pressure. We conclude that the intratrachel administration of PFC is not to be recommended in bronchoconstrictive situations.
Airway Resistance ; Animals ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Bronchoconstriction* ; Cats* ; Natural Resources ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Liquid Ventilation ; Lung ; Male ; Mechanics ; Methacholine Chloride ; Microcomputers ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange* ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Respiratory Mechanics* ; Surface Tension