Pyelitis and ureteritis cystica which is characterized by cyst formations mucosa or submucosa of the ureter and renal pelvis caused by inflammation. We are reporting a case of ureteritis cystica with review of the literatures.
Inflammation ; Kidney Pelvis ; Mucous Membrane ; Pyelitis* ; Ureter*

Emphysematous pyelitis is uniquely characterized by gas-forming infection restricted to the renal collecting system. This disease entity is uncommon, and shows preferred occurrence in patients with diabetes mellitus or urinary tract obstruction. We report a case of bilateral emphysematous pyelitis in a diabetic end-stage renal disease patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis therapy. The patient was treated by medical treatment only and then recovered from infection, and she has maintained peritoneal dialysis until today. The authors report this case as a successful medical treatment for emphysematous pyelitis accompanying multiple risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, amorphous medullary kidney stones, and even underlying maintaining peritoneal dialysis.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Pyelitis ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Tract

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is rare, severe, acute bacterial infection of the kidney characterized by the presence of gas within the renal parenchyma, collecting system or perinephric tissue and requires prompt diagnosis and the emergent intensive treatment. Emphysematous pyelitis is a distinct entity from emphysematous pyelonephritis and describes the presence of gas localized to the renal collecting system. Medical treatment is sufficient therapy if there is no obstruction. We report a case of both hydronephrosis complicated with emphysematous pyelitis which was occurred in 59-year-old diabetic patient. The patient was recovered by medical treatment alone.
Bacterial Infections ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Middle Aged ; Pyelitis ; Pyelonephritis

Infection stones are more likely to form after urinary diversion as the result of urinary stasis. To prevent urinary stasis due to encrusted pyelitis in a transplanted kidney, we describe an alternative a surgical treatment: ileo-pelvic anastomosis. In our patient with a transplanted kidney, the ileal conduit had previously been anastomosed end-to-side owing to renal tuberculosis with an atrophied bladder; the transplanted ureter was anastomosed to the ileum in the left lower abdomen with an ileal conduit on the opposite side. Routine check-up revealed hydronephrosis with infected pyelitis and ureteritis in the transplanted kidney. We performed ileo-pelvic end-to-end anastomosis to prevent urinary stasis by lengthening the ileal conduit and performed augmentation cystoplasty to support the atrophied bladder following tuberculosis. We suggest that this approach may be useful in similar cases.
Abdomen ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Ileum ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Pyelitis ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Diversion

Acute pyelonephritis (APN) should be detected and treated as soon as possible to reduce the risk of the development of acquired renal scarring. However, in the medical field, urine culture results are not available or considered when the prompt discrimination of APN is necessary and empirical treatment is started. Furthermore, urine culture cannot discriminate APN among children with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) (pyelitis, lower UTI with other fever focus). Therefore, the usefulness of urine culture for diagnostic purposes is small and the sampling procedure is invasive. Congenital hypoplastic kidney is the most common cause of chronic kidney injury in children. Thus, it is desirable that a main target be detected as early as possible when imaging studies are performed in children with APN. However, if APN does not recur, no medical or surgical treatment or imaging studies would be needed because the acquired renal scar would not progress further. Therefore, the long-term prognosis of APN in young children, particularly infants, depends on the number of recurrent APN, not other febrile UTI. New methods that enable prompt, practical, and comfortable APN diagnosis in children are needed as alternatives to urinary catheterization for urine culture sampling.
Child ; Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Pyelitis ; Pyelonephritis ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Tract Infections

A clinical survey was made on 77 nephrectomized patients in the Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, during the period from January 1970 to August 1978. The results were as follows: 1. The total number of in-patients during the period was estimated to 1,269 and of which nephrectomies were performed in 77 of the 754 total urologic operations (10.2%). 2. Patients ranged in age from 5 months to 73 years and there were 41 males and 33 females or a male to female ratio being 1.33 to 1. 3. The causative diseases of the operated kidneys were renal tuberculosis (41.6%), renal neoplasms (22. 5%), renal injury (10.4%) hydronephrosis (10.4%) pyelitis or pyonephrosis (6.4%) calculus pyonephrosis (5.2)in order. 4. Anterior abdominal approach was most frequently employed (66.2%) 5. Among the transfused patients who nephrectomized, the average amount of transfused whole blood were 586cc in renal tuberculosis, 1,240cc in renal neoplasia and 1.467cc in renal injury. 6. Postoperative complications included 4 cases of wound infection, 2 postoperative transient paralytic ileus, 1 pneumonia and 1 pneumothorax.
Calculi ; Female ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Jeollanam-do ; Kidney ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Pneumonia ; Pneumothorax ; Postoperative Complications ; Pyelitis ; Pyonephrosis ; Schools, Medical ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Urology ; Wound Infection

Emphysematous pyelitis (EP) is a rare complication of urinary tract infection, which has been defined as isolated gas production inside the excretory system. Contrary to emphysematous pyelonephritis, which is more severe, necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma, EP is a benign entity. To our knowledge, it has not been reported in the Korean literature, particularly in renal transplant recipients. Herein we report a case of EP in a living renal transplant recipient. A 32-year-old man received a living related renal transplant 4 years earlier for end-stage renal disease secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis. The patient presented with a sudden onset of chills, nausea, vomiting and pain on graft area. He was diagnosed as EP by computerized tomography. Immunosuppressive agents were modified and he was successfully treated with parenteral antibiotics with complete disappearance of air in the renal pelvis.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chills ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Pelvis ; Nausea ; Pyelitis ; Pyelonephritis ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Transplants ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vomiting

Emphysematous pyelitis (EP) is an acute bacterial renal infection characterized by the presence of gas localized to the renal collecting system, sparing the renal parenchyma. It is seen more commonly in women, often associated with underlying diabetes mellitus or obstructing stone disease. To our knowledge, EP has not been frequently reported in the Korean literature. We report here two cases of bilateral EP due to Escherichia coli in 55-year-old female and 44-year-old female patients with diabetic chronic kidney disease, were successfully treated with medical management including intravenous administration of antibiotics. Early diagnosis by means of abdominal computed tomography along with prompt antibiotic therapy may be effective in patients with bilateral EP.
Administration, Intravenous ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Early Diagnosis ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pyelitis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic