China ; Humans ; Pulmonary Medicine

Recent advances in bronchoscopy have led to changes in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics in pulmonary medicine. In diagnostic bronchoscopy, there have also been new developments in endobronchial ultrasound technology which may be incorporated into clinical practice in the near future. Functional bronchoscopy, which evaluates information such as airway pressure, airflow, or gas exchange, suggests promising clinical advances in the near future. In therapeutic bronchoscopy, bronchoscopic volume reduction is a novel approach for the treatment of severe emphysema. In this review, seven recently published articles representing current advances in bronchoscopy are summarized and discussed.
Bronchoscopy ; Emphysema ; Pulmonary Medicine ; Pulmonary Surgical Procedures

No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents* ; Pulmonary Medicine*

No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents* ; Pulmonary Medicine*

Studying clinical features of depression and anxiety disorders on 70 patients with pulmo-infiltrated pulmonary tuberculosis in the Military Hospital N0 103 and the Thai Binh Hospital of Tuberculosis, and a control group of 30 healthy people showed that: ratio of men/women = 3/1; average age 40.03 17.45 years; time of diseases < 6 months (68.5%). Symptoms of depression disorder included: fatigue (87.10%), loss of appetite (77.10%), insomnia (74.30%) and hypothymia (71.40%). Symptoms of anxiety disorder included: worries about future misfortune (45.7%), phobias (29.9%) and nightmares (20.0%). Mild and moderate depression and anxiety disorders were more
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Anxiety Disorders, Clinical Medicine

Medicine, Kampo ; Pulmonary evaluation ; Therapeutic procedure ; Geriatrics

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Cryotherapy is the therapeutic application for tissue ablation. Clinical applications of cryotherpy such as in pulmonology have increased. Until now, its development in gastroenterology has been insignificant. But, as clinical application such as mucosal ablation on Barrett's esophagus became possible, various applications have been developed. Therefore, it is important to make standards of tissue injury's extent in cryotherapy prior to clinical trial. We evaluated the tissue injury according to the application of cryoprobe with a pig model. METHODS: Cryoprobe was applied to several different segments of the esophagus and stomach for various lengths of time using various number of probe's contact in a pig model. After 48 hours, esophagus and stomach were harvested and histological tissue injury was assessed. The extent of tissue injury was decided by the injury of the deepest layer. RESULTS: Endoscopic application of cryoprobe on esophagus and stomach resulted in a dose-dependent injury: esophageal necrosis was limited to the submucosa after 10 seconds of cryotherapy, and extended to involve the transmural necrosis after over 15 seconds. Necrosis on stomach was extended to involve the transmural necrosis after over 20 seconds. CONCLUSIONS: Positive relationship was seen between the duration and frequency of cryoprobe application and the extent of tissue injury.
Barrett Esophagus ; Cryotherapy ; Esophagus ; Gastroenterology ; Necrosis ; Pulmonary Medicine ; Stomach

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a severe public health problem. Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is a major factor that influences the process of COPD. Strengthening the treatment of AECOPD is very essential. AECOPD risk window (AECOPD-RW) refers to the period from AECOPD remission to the time before the stable phase. The condition is very unstable. Symptoms are relieved but continually exist. The lung function has not restored to the levels of the stable phase. The inflammatory reactions continually exist. In this period patients are most liable to suffer from AECOPD, resulting in higher hospital admission rate and higher mortality. Dispelling pathogens should be taken as the main principle for AECOPD treatment. However, when it transforms from AECOPD to AECOPD-RW, strengthening the body resistance should be taken as the main principle. The proposal of AECOPD-RW has provided new thoughts and strategies for COPD. In this period deficiency syndrome dominates, most being lingering pathogens due to deficient vital qi. Qi deficiency and qi-yin deficiency are the most common syndromes, involving Fei, Pi, and Shen. Deficiency of both Fei and Shen dominates, complicated with phlegm and stasis. Therefore, the treatment principle of AECOPD-RW should focus on tonifying the deficiency and strengthening the body resistance, assisted with dissipating phlegm and activating blood circulation.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; therapy

Consensus ; Europe ; Humans ; Internationality ; Pulmonary Medicine ; Societies, Medical ; United States

Respiratory diseases are common in the elderly and often the main causes of death among this population. In addition, it is expected that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory tract infections, lung cancer, and pulmonary tuberculosis will be listed in the top ten diseases in 2020. Therefore, screening, diagnosis and management of respiratory diseases should be strengthened among the elderly; meanwhile, studies on geriatric respiratory medicine should be further enhanced.
Aged ; Geriatrics ; Humans ; Pulmonary Medicine ; Respiratory Tract Diseases