Objective Queuing theory is the mathematical study of how waiting lines or queues are formed and dissipated o -ver time, which aims to work out the optimal design and optimal control of queuing systems based on the research of probability and regularity of various queuing systems .The aim of paper was to find out the maximum acceptable waiting time for outpatients in stomatol -ogy department and explore the rational allocation of dentists based on queuing theory model . Methods Questionnaires , worktime measurement and queuing theory model were applied to calculate indicators of queuing system in outpatient services of Stomatology De -partment , getting the maximum waiting time accpetable for patients and the reasonable number of dentists . Results The maximum acceptable waiting time for outpatients was 34.02 ±7.07 minutes, and it was reasonable to allocate 25 doctors in the morning and 16 doctors in the afternoon . Conclusion Applying queuing theory helps to optimize dentist number in outpatient services of Stomatology Department and provide scientific reference to improve medical efficiency .

Objective To establish a new double-antibody sandwich ELISA to detect the antigen AP33(a 33 kDa adhesive protein) of Trichomonas vaginalis based on the quantum dots and magnetic beads.Methods After BALB/c mice were immunized by AP33,the multiclonal antibodies in the antiserum was conjugated with the quantum dots and magnetic beads by carbon diimine crosslinking method respectively.Then the antibodies combined with magnetic beads were coated to microwell of plate as capturing antibody,and the antibodies bound to quantum dots were regarded as the marked antibody which can be directly observed under fluorescence microscope and quatitated by spectrofluorometry.The specificity and sensitivity of our established system were investigated.Results AP33 was successfully detected at the concentration as low as 50 ng/ml by this with-filling method.No crossreaction was observed when this system was used to detect Trichomonas vaginalis and other common bacteria in the vagina.The accuracy was 88% and the specificity was 90%.Conclusion This new double-antibody sandwich ELISA to detect Trichomonas vaginalis is successfully prepared and of sound specificity and sensitivity.

Clinical data of 23 patients with T2a bladder cancer admitted from March 2008 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Among 23 patients,11 cases were treated with transurethral resection (TURBT) plus arterial catheterization chemotherapy (study group) and 12 cases were treated with radical cystectomy (control group).The overall survival time and recurrence free survival time of two groups were compared.Patients in study group were followed up for 20-68 months,recurrence occurred in 5 cases (5/11),including 4 cases of invasive recurrence;patients in control group were followed up for 2 ～86 months,1 case had superficial recurrent and underwent TURBT,2 cases dead due to bladder tumor.During the course of chemotherapy,the main adverse effects were digestive reaction (7/11),fever (4/11),bone marrow suppression (2/11),symptomatic treatment was given,which was tolerated.There were no significant differences in overall survival time and recurrence free survival time between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The quality of life of study group was better than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).It is suggested that the arterial interventional chemotherapy combined with transurethral resection for T2a stage invasive bladder cancer has a certain curative effect with the advantage of preservation of bladder function and higher quality of life.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the ESBLs-producing isolates and their resistance and genotypes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella in three hospitals of Wannan area.METHODS The MIC of 13 antimicrobials against 79 strains of E.coli and Klebsiella were determined by 2-fold agar dilution method.The confirmation test was used to detect ESBLs-producing strains according to CLSI 2005.PCR method was used to amplify beta-lactamases of ESBLs-producing isolates by 8 premiers,PCR products were purified and then sequencing was performed.RESULTS The ESBLs-producing rates in E.coli and Klebsiella in three hospitals of Wannan area were 61.5% and 45.0%,respectively.The resistance rates to CRO,CTX,CAZ,CIP and LEV of ESBLs-producing strains were 81.0%,81.0%,47.6%,71.4% and 50.0%,respectively,all isolates were susceptible to meropenem and imipenem.PCR indicated that CTX-M1,CTX-M13,TEM and OXA1 types of beta-lactamases were the four major genotypes of the three hospitals in Wannan area.CONCLUSIONS The isolation rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli and Klebsiella as well as their resistance rates to cephalosporins and quinolones in the three hospitals in Wannan area are quite high.Monitoring ESBLs-producing isolates should be strengthened in clinic and laboratory.

Adult ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Pharynx

Objective To establish the normative data of the 2D and 3D ultrasound (US)measurements of the developing fetal thymus and comparing the 2DUS and 3DUS measurements of the fetal thymus. Methods The normal fetuses' thymus of 567 cases were assessed, and maximum transverse diameter(MTD),antero posterior diameter (APD), suprainferior diameter (SID), maximum transverse area (MTA) were measured by 2DUS,and thymic volume(TV) was measured by 3DUS. Results 2DUS,3DUS assessments of the fetal thymic MTD, APD, SID, MTA and TV were possible in 541 of 567 normal singletons. The fetal thymic 2D diameters/area and 3D volume grow with the gestational age(GA) in linear correlation. The 3D-US TV measurements and GA was significantly higher than that of any individual 2DUS measurements and GA ( P ＜0.05). Conclusions This study presents the normative data of the 2DUS and 3DUS measurements of the developing fetal thymus. 3DUS fetal thymus volume is more significantly correlated to GA than the other 2DUS measurements, which indicates 3DUS measurement of the fetal thymus is more accurate than that of 2DUS.

Objective To explore the prognosis and etiological treatment of cardiogenic syncope in children.Methods The cause,clinical manifestation,treatment and prognosis of 45 children with syncope were made in affiliated hospital of Qingdao medical university were su mmarized and analyzed.They were divided into arhythmia group and other groups,the former included myocarditis,dilated cardiomyopathy,and post-operation of congenital heart disease and the latter included tetralogy of fallot,pulmonary stenosis,hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,pericarclial effusion,and right atrial myxoma.Results There were 29 cases(64.44%) with arrhythmia in this group,of which there were 18 cases with complete atrioventricular block(CAVB),2 cases with second degree type Ⅱ atrioventricular block,3 cases with ventricular tachycardia,2 cases with bradycardia,2 cases with atrial flutter,1 case with supraventricular tachycardia,and 1 case with nonconducting atrial premature.There were 16 cases(35.56%) with other etiologies,of which there 8 cases with tetralogy of Fallot,2 cases with pulmonary stenosis,hypertrop-hic cardiomyopathy,pericardial effusion,and right atrial myxoma,respectively.Children with CAVB,bradycardia,or ventricular tachycardia resulted from viral myocarditis were given anti-virus medicine,protecting myocardium,neoepinephrine,and intravenous vitamin C 100-200 mg/(kg?d).Dexamethasone 1-2 mg/(kg?d) was given in earlier period for short course,and some children were given human ?-globulin.Eight cases were placed temporary pacemaker because of unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy,and 1 case was placed permanent pacemaker.In all,38 cases(84.44%)were cured,1 case(2.22%)was improved,and 4 cases(8.88%) died.Conclusions Cardiogenic syncope is pediatric emergency and shall be treated immediately.Temporary pacemaker shall be placed at the right moment.

Objective To investigate blood gas analysis and lactic acid evaluation in aerobic forearm exercise and the significance of aerobic forearm exercise for the auxiliary diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathy and encephalopathy patients.Methods Forty-two patients with mitochondrial myopathy and encephalopathy patients, 40 healthy control, and 40 patients control were studied.They performed a protocol under aerobic exercise conditions, consisting of intermittent forearm exercise for 4 minutes at 40% of intented maximal voluntary contraction force.Blood samples were collected to monitor blood gas and plasma lactate before, during arid after exercise.Results During exercise venous PO_2(mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)decreased in mitochondrial myopathy and encephalopathy patients from 41.2?12.6 to 39.5?16.2, whereas PO_2 fell from 50.5?14.4 to 30.8?13.1 in healthy control and from 50.1?7.9 to 44.3?35.5 in patient control.Venous PO_2 decreased much more in healthy control group than the other 2 groups(F= 6.34,P

ObjectiveTo study the effects of placental transfusion of umbilical cord milking on very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods Fifty-seven VLBW infants born from September 2011 to May 2014 who had umbilical cord milking at birth were selected as experimental group. Sixty-one VLBW infants born from January 2008 to August 2011 who had normal cord clamping at birth were selected as control group. The complications of VLBW infants, blood transfusion, frequency of using pulmonary surfactant (PS), the duration of mechanical ventilation, the duration of oxygen and mortality were compared between two groups.Results The incidence of severe asphyxia, IVH and anemia was signiifcantly lower in experimental group than in control group (P< 0.05). The blood transfusion and transfusion volume, duration of mechanical ventilation, and duration of oxy-gen were signiifcantly lower in experimental group than in control group (P< 0.05).Conclusions Umbilical cord milking can reduce the incidence of severe asphyxia, IVH and anemia. It also can reduce the blood transfusion, the duration of mechanical ventilation, and the duration of oxygen in VLBW infants.

Aim To investigate the effects of 3 ,5 ,2 ’ , 4’-tetrahydroxychalcone (P40) on urate excretion, as well as mRNA and protein expressions of renal URAT1 and GLUT9 in hyperuricemic mice. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups:normal control group, hyperuricemic group ( model group), P40 2. 0, 4. 0, 8. 0 mg·kg-1 groups and positive control group. All drugs were administered in-tragastrically to mice for 5 doses. Hyperuricemic mice were induced by intraperitoneal injection of uric acid (0. 15 g·kg-1 body weight) for 3 times. The urate levels were assayed with the phosphotungstic acid method. The mRNA and protein expressions of GLUT9 and URAT1 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results P40 at a dose of 4. 0 and 8. 0 mg · kg-1 significantly reduced the serum urate levels in a dose-dependent manner, when compared with untreat-ed hyperuricemic mice ( P<0. 05 or 0. 01 ) . The he-patic urate contents decreased in untreated-and treated-hyperuricemic mice as compared with normal mice ( P<0. 01 ) . Furthermore, P40 had no influence on the renal URAT1 mRNA and protein expression levels, while it could down-regulate renal GLUT9 protein ex-pression but not mRNA expression in hyperuricemic mice. Conclusion P40 possesses potent uricosuric effects associated with urate reabsorption by down-regu-lating the protein expression of GLUT9 in kidney.