Objective To explore Chinese character semantic processing feature and the relationship with behavioral problems in early childhood with ADHD.Methods Twenty ADHD children and twenty normal children (7-8 years old) performed a Chinese character semantic judgment task through event related potential (ERP),meanwhile Conners parent rating scale (PSQ) was completed by parents to analyze behavior problems in children.The relationship between behavioral problems and ERPs was analyzed.Results (1) ADHD group showed smaller amplitudes of P200 compared to the normal group (related (6.6±4.8) μV vs (11.6±6.4) μV;unrelated (6.7±3.7) μN vs (10.8±5.0) μV),and longer latency (related(240±30) ms vs (198±17)ms;the unrelated (232±26)ms vs (194±16)ms;psudoword (233±26)ms vs (197±15)ms),all P＜0.05).The amplitudes of N400 wave only showed a decreasing trend in ADHD group(P＞0.05),while the latency of N400 was significantly longer than that in normal children in three conditions(P＜0.05).(2) Four subscale scores of CPSQ(conduct problem,learning problem,hyperactivity-impulsion and hyperactivity index) were significantly higher in ADHD children compared with normal group.(3)The amplitudes of P200 in related condition had negative correlation with the scores of CPSQ subscale (conduct problem,psychoso matic disorder,hyperactivity-impulsion and hyperactivity index) (r=-0.51,-0.47,-0.45,-0.46,all P＜0.05.The latency of P200 in related condition had positive correlation with psychosomatic disorder scores (r =0.54,P=0.01).Conclusion Early semantic recognition disorder exists in 7～ 8 years old ADHD children.P200 can be used as an objective index to evaluate early childhood ADHD's language cognition,and P200 is related to behavior problems (such as conduct problem,impulsions).

BACKGROUNDCandidal esophagitis is the primary infection among all digestive tract opportunistic ones in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases. X-ray manifestation reports of it are still rare. This study aimed to conduct a retrospective analysis on the X-ray data of 6 AIDS cases complicated with candidal esophagitis, and to study the X-ray characteristics of it combined with the findings from gastroscopy.

METHODSAmong 6 cases in this series, all cases were confirmed by Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to be HIV positive and all of them had CD4 cell counts less than 150 × 10(6)/L. All cases underwent X-ray and gastroscopy, and mycelium were found in the mucous membrane of the esophagus.

RESULTSIn this series, the findings of the X-ray were as follows: (1) Affected areas: Four cases in the whole esophagus, 2 cases in the middle and lower part of esophagus; (2) Abnormal motivity: Six cases had decreased tension, loose walls, weakened peristalsis, decreased number of peristalsis waves and delayed emptying of barium; (3) Abnormal contour: Six cases had the sign of "decorative border" or "brush", two cases had narrowed canal; (4) Abnormal membrane and "cobblestone sign": Six cases had thickened membrane and "cobblestone sign" on the surface of the abnormal membrane. The hyperemia of mucosa was covered tightly with yellow-white pseudomembrane spots. This was in accordance with the small cobblestone-like filling defect found by X-ray.

CONCLUSIONSIf the AIDS cases have dysphagia, and X-ray shows that more than two sections of the esophagus are affected, with decreased motility, the walls in the sign of "brush" or "decorative edges", thickened membrane with "cobblestone sign", candidal esophagitis is highly possible.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Adult ; Candida ; pathogenicity ; Candidiasis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; microbiology ; Esophagitis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography

Hemochromatosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Iron Overload ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Examination ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Penicillium ; isolation & purification ; Prognosis ; Radiography

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; diagnostic imaging ; virology ; Male ; Radiography

Objective To investigate the effect of implant superstructure with platform switching to the osseointegration of implant-bone interface in immediate loading.Methods The bilateral mandiblular fourth premolars of 5 beagle dogs were extracted,and 3 months later,10 implants were implanted and the abutments were accessed immediately to form immediate loading.Using self-control,the abutment with platform switching was used in the experimental side,and the traditional abutment used in the control side.The experimental animals were sacrificed after 3 months,and non-decalcified implant-bone sections were made.Results A favorable osseointegration of implant-bone interface in 4 animals (8 implants ) was observed except for one failed case.A large number of osteoblasts and different mineralized bone were observed.In experimental side,the bone and implant-neck were nearly in the same level,but the bone around the implant-neck was significantly absorbed in control side.Conclusions Using different superstructure in immediate loading could affect the osseointegration of implant-neck.The platform switching technology is conducive to the keeping of implant-neck bone.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical and chest X-ray features of SARS in children to facilitate correct diagnosis.

METHODSClinical manifestations and chest X-ray findings in five children suffering from SARS admitted for treatment in the hospital between February and May, 2003 in Shenzhen area were analyzed. The diagnosis was confirmed by epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological examinations. Among the 5 cases, 1 was a boy and the others were girls at the age of 4 to 13 years.

RESULTSOf the 5 SARS children, 3 presented a history of close contact with SARS patients. Fever was the initiative symptom, 4 had a body temperature of over 38 degrees C with the highest being 40 degrees C; fever sustained from 4 to 7 days with an average of 5.6 days. All the 5 cases developed nonproductive cough; on auscultation, both moist and dry rales could be heard in 3 out of the 5 cases. Mean total white count of peripheral blood was (2.96 - 6.9) x 10(9)/L, and was < 5.0 x 10(9)/L in 4 cases. SARS associated coronavirus specific RNA fragment was found positive by RT-PCR in 1 case; 1 case was positive for both IgM and IgG antibodies to the virus; 1 case was positive for only IgM antibody and another 2 cases were positive for only IgG antibody. IgG and IgM antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae as well as blood culture for bacteria were all negative. Findings on chest X-ray examination: 4 cases showed presence of patchy or macular opacities with cord-like shadows in unilateral lung plates while 1 case each showed ground-glass-like opacity and migratory changes; 1 case showed interstitial changes in the lungs in the form of irregular reticular lattice and cord-like shadows. Two cases received CT scanning and macular-patchy or spotty shadows were seen all over the lung. The shortest time for absorption of foci in the lungs was 7 days while the longest was 33 days with a mean of 15 +/- 6 days. None of the cases had any signs of fibrosis in the lungs. All the 5 cases were completely cured and discharged 7 to 40 days (mean 18 +/- 11 days) after admission.

CONCLUSIONCompared with adult cases with SARS, children with SARS had milder symptoms and signs. Presence of unilateral patchy shadow in lungs represented the main chest X-ray findings.

Adolescent ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; analysis ; Immunoglobulin M ; analysis ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; virology