Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxicity and targeting ability of self-developed paclitaxel-octreotide (PTX-OCT) conjugates on A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and Calu-6 NSCLC cells. Methods: Conjugates PTX-OCT and 2PTX-OCT were synthesized by our school. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mRNA of human somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTRs) using specific primers. The cells were treated with different concentrations (1, 100 nmol/L and 1 ?mol/L) of paclitaxel and the conjugates for different time periods (24-72 h); we also set up a control group. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cell viability after treatment; cell cycle perturbations were determined by FAC Scan flow cytometer 24 h after treatment with 1 ?mol/L paclitaxel, PTX-OCT, and 2PTX-OCT. Results: Both A549 cell and Calu-6 cell expressed the mRNA of SSTR2 and SSTR5; no SSTR mRNA was detected in the fibroblasts. The conjugates had a similar cytotoxicity to paclitaxel; they both effectively inhibited the growth of A549 cells and Calu-6 cells in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. After 72 h treatment with 1 ?mol/L paclitaxel, PTX-OCT and 2PTX-OCT, the survival rates of A549 cells were (26.9?7.3)%, (26.6?9.2)% and (35.7?4.3)%, respectively; the survival rates of Calu-6 cells were (29.5?5.0)%, (28.2?9.7)% and (26.5?4.9)%, respectively. The survival rate A549 cells at 72 h after treatment was lower than that at 24 h after treatment(P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of lumbar catheter drainage combined with intrathecal injection on patients with cerebrospinal fluid leakage and intracranial infection.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.One hundred and fifty-two cases with cerebrospinal fluid leakage and intracranial infection were selected as our subjects who were hospitalized in the First Hospital of Yuncheng from 2006 to 2014.The patients were divided into lumbar puncture + intrathecal group (A),lumbar (group B) and lumbar intrathecal large pool + group (group C) based on post-processing methods.A experimental data were recorded and compared in terms of the total efficiency of treatment,the therapeutically effective time,bacterial clearance and security differences.Results After treatment,the levels of white blood cells,protein,glucose and intracranial pressure were changed compared with that of before treatment in three group(P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference among the three groups(P ＞ 0.05).The therapy periods in group A,group B and group C were (12.80 ± 2.25) d,(12.64 ± 2.00) d and (9.44 ± 1.50) d respectively and the difference was significant(F =25.94,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with Group C,the therapy periods in group A and B were significant different(t =2.769,2.854;P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between group A and B (t =0.119,P =0.908).The cases with success.effect was 45 (89.1％) in group A,53 (94.6％) in group B,46 (95.8％) in group C,and there was no significant difference among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).In terms of bacterial clearance rate,33 cases(68.75％) was in group A,35 cases(72.91％) in group C and 23 cases (41.07％) in group B and the effective rate in group A or C were higher than that in group B (x2 =9.478,10.63 ; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The methods of lumbar catheter drainage combinedwith intrathecal injection is proved with a high clinical value of therapy,effective treatment can effectively shorten the time and improve the overall treatment effect.

Objective To investigate the toxicities and inhibitory effects of three kinds of kegin-type novel heteropoly compounds which were synthesised by molecular assembly interactions on influnenza A virus(H1N1) in vitro.Methods The toxicities and anti-influnenza virus activities were tested by methods of CPE-MTT and chick embryos culture.Results TC_(50) in MDCK cells and LD_(50) in chick embryos of three kinds of kegin-type novel heteropoly compounds were higher than those of amantadine.TI in MDCK cells and chick embryos were both higher than that of amantadine. Conclusion The three kinds of kegin-type novel heteropoly compounds have lower toxicities and higher anti-virus effects on influnenza A virus(H1N1) than amantadine.Through chemic modifications,the toxicity of amantadine can be decreased and the activity of amantadine can be increased.

Objective To analyze the surgical and pathologic features of isolated ascending aortitis without evidence of rheumatologic or autoimmune diseases by comparing that of Takayasu's arteritis.Methods Consecutive 965 excised ascending aortas were reviewed and 40 cases with aortitis were selected from the pathological archives of past 20 years in Fuwai Hospital.The clinical history,laboratory and angiographic data,surgical findings,steroid therapy and followup results of these 40 cases were reviewed.Pathological parameters included the thickness of aortic wall and its various layers,inflammation activity,multinuclear giant cells,inflammatory necrosis,laminar necrosis and atheroselerosis.The t test and Chi square analysis were used to compare the means and the rates between the two groups.Results Twenty-five of 40 cases were diagnosed with isolated aortitis and its prevalencei was 2.6%(25/965),while 8 cases with Takayasu's arteritis and 7 cases with other vasculitis were confirmed.The age of isolated ascending aortitis was older than that of Takayasu's arteritis[(46±12)y vs(34±14)y,t=2.30,P>0.05] while the male/female ratio was similar in both groups(1.1 vs 1.0,t=0.01,P>0.05).Their main clinical manifestation was aortic aneurysm with a bigger aortic diameter in isolated aortitis than that in Takayasu's arteritis [(59±18)vs(46±12)mm,P>0.05].The asymptomatic cages mostly were found in isolated ascending aortitis (28%vs 0,x2=2.98,P>0.05).The erythrocyte sedimentary rate was normal in isolated aortitis but increased in Takayasu's arteritis[(15±17)mm/1 hvs[27±25)mm/1 h,U=48.50,P<0.05 ].Inflammatory edema,thickening and calcification were noted in more than half cases of both groups.but slighter thickening of aortic wall was foand in isolated ascending aortitis in contrast to the remarkable thickening in Takayasu artefifis[(2506±493)vs (3300±430)μm,t=-3.00,P<0.01].Giant cells,inflammatory necrosis,laminar necrosis and accompanied atherosclerosis were more common in isolated ascending aortitis.Aortic regurgitation was common but inflammatory invasion wege found in few aortic valves. Steroid was prescribed in 5 cases with isolated ascending aortitis and none of them was reported with complications while aortic perivalvular leakage occurred in 3 of 20 cases without steroids therapy. In the Takayasu's arteritis cases, new aneurysm of abdominal aorta was found in 1 of 3 cases with steroid therapy. Meanwhile, perivalvular leakage and subclavian artery stenosis occurred in 2 of 5 cases without steroid. Conclusion Isolated aortitis is more common than Takayasu's arteritis in ascending aortic diseases and there is some definite difference in clinical and pathological aspects between these two diseases. Since the effect of steroid therapy is uncertain and in order to avoid overtreatment, we suggest that steroid should not be given to cases with isolated ascending aortitis after surgery and clinical and angiographic follow-up should be emphasized.

Objective To investigate the incidence of left-sided portal hypertension (LSPH) in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and other accompany conditions of CP and explore the diagnostic value of LSPH in chronic pancreatitis.Methods The clinical,pathological and imaging data of 125 CP patients received at least two imaging examination were retrospectively analyzed.The rates of abnormal pathologic findings,abnormal imaging findings and accompanying LSPH in CP were analyzed.The data were analyzed by chi-square test.Results Among 125 CP patients,29.6％ (37/125) received three or more than three kinds of imaging examinations.The pathological detection rates of pancreatic calcification or lithiasis,pancreatic ductal lesion,abnormal pancreatic morphology,pancreatic lesion and LSPH were 58.4％ (73/125),60.8％ (76/125),35.2％ (44/125),48.8％ (61/125) and 24.8％ (31/125),respectively.The sensitivities of imaging examination in those lesions were 68.5 ％(50/73),96.1％ (73/76),95.5％ (42/44),95.1％ (58/61) and 90.3％ (28/31),respectively.The detection rates of pancreatic calcification or lithiasis and pancreatic ductal lesion in pathological examination were significantly higher than those of the others,and differences were statistically significant (x2=33.764 and 37.932,both P＜0.01).The sensitivity of imaging examination in pancreatic calcification or lithiasis was lower than those of the others and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =36.526,P＜0.01).Among 125 CP patients with 223 pancreatic lesions detected by imaging examination,the rates of patients with 0,1,2,3,4 lesions accounted for pancreatic were 5.6％ (7/125),40.0％ (50/125),28.8％ (36/125),21.6％ (27/125) and 4.0％ (5/125),respectively.Of patients with pancreatic calcification or lithiasis,pancreatic ductal lesions,abnormal pancreatic morphology and pancreatic lesions detected by pathological examination,there were 23.7 ％(17/73),20.0％ (15/76),22.6％ (10/44) and 27.9％ (17/61) cases accompanied with LSPH,there was no difference between these groups (x2 =1.262,P=0.738).Conclusion LSPH may be a reference for CP diagnosis by imaging examination.

Objective To compare the cell-killing and sensitization effect of 6-gingerol on human hepatoma carcinoma (HepG-2) cell in normal mode versus hypoxia-hypoglycemia mode in chemotherapy.Methods The HepG-2 cells was cultured to logarithmic phase and treated with adriamyein doxorubicin hydrochloride (ADM) (5,10,15,20,40,60 mg/L) and 6-gingerol(25,50,100,200 μmol/L)in different concentrations.Then the cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay kit was used to determine the proliferation inhibition of HepG-2 cells.Cell apoptosis was detected by combining flow cytometry and AnnexinV-FITC PI double staining after treated with different drugs.The expressions of bcl-2,bax and birc-5 mRNA in HepG-2 cells was detected by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)assay.Results 6-gingerol and ADM had a certain degree of growth inhibition on HepG-2 cells.In two modes,the inhibition ratios of the 6-gingerol and ADM were both increased along with the increase of the concentration,which showed a dose-dependent manner.Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the apoptosis rate in the control group,6-gingerol group,ADM group and the 6-gingerol+ADM group in the normal mode was (7.98±0.76)％,(9.63 ± 1.00) ％,(12.70 ± 2.13) ％ and (19.92 ± 1.41) ％ respectively.The apoptosis rate in the control group,6-gingerol group,ADM group and the 6-gingerol+ ADM group in the hypoxia-hypoglycemia mode was (13.92 ± 2.02)％,(19.36 ±-1.22)％,(27.87 ± 0.99)％ and (38.63 ± 2.25)％ respectively.It demonstrated that the apoptosis rate was increased in the experimental groups as compared to the control group under the two culture conditions(the normal mode and the hypoxiahypoglycemia mode)(t=7.250,5.259,12.185,8.140,15.000,47.576,respectively,all P＜0.05,0.01 or 0.001).The combination group had the highest number of apoptosis cells,and the number of apoptosis cells was higher in hypoxia-hypoglycemia group than in normal culture group.Real-time PCR analysis showed that,compared with the control group,the expressions of bcl-2 and birc-5 mRNA were decreased and the expression of bax mRNA had no significant changes in experimental group under the normal culture conditions.The expressions of bcl-2 and birc-5 mRNA were significantly decreased and the expression of bax mRNA was increased in experimental group as compared with the control group under the hypoxia-hypoglycemia conditions.Under the hypoxiahypoglycemia environment,the expression of bcl-2 mRNA was significantly increased,the expressions of bax and birc-5 mRNA was significantly reduced,and the ratio of bcl-2 and bax was significantly increased as compared with the normal culture conditions.Conclusions 6 gingerol may decrease the inhibitory effect of survivin protein on tumor cells apoptosis by reduced the expression of birc-5,which generates the cell-killing and sensitizing effect on HepG-2 cell in chemotherapy.This performance is more obvious in the hypoxia-hypoglycemia environment.

An statistical analysis of aorta-septal angle(AS angle) between anterior wall of aorta and ventricular septum was taken,AS angle was measured fromthe right ventricle with long-axis, two-dimensional echocardiongram of the left ventricle in 227 consecutive cases of patients with cardiovascular diseases and 80 healthy adults since 1985. It was found that AS angle for normal adults at the end of systoie(ES) and the end of diastole(ED) being 118.50?? 7.70? and 110.60??8.23?; the difference between ES and ED was 7.89??4.51?. In patients with overburdening of left ventricular volume and resistance of coronary artery disease, car-diomycpathy and hypertension , AS angles were amaller,and in patients with overburdening of right ventricular pressure of rheumatic mitral stenosis, AS angles were larger than healthy adults. The difference between ES and ED was smaller than normal for all patients. It was also found that in patients with heartdisease AS angle tends to be smaller or larger before the appearance of abnormality of the left ventricular cavity. Our data suggested that AS angle variance might afford some clinical significance of diagnosis

Spinosyns are secondary metabolites from the aerobic fermentation of saccharopolyspora spinosa Spinosyn is a kind of broad spectrum insecticide, which has contact and ingestion toxicity on insects On lepidopteran insects, spinosad (a mixture of spinosyn A and spinosyn D) is one of the most selective compounds ever discovered In this paper, the structure, biosynthesis, property and process of spinosyns are reviewed

0.05).But the cell purity and the survival rate by mechanical procedure were significantly higher than that by combination of enzymatic digestion(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of alcohol extract of Toddalia asiatica on the inflammation-associated cytokines of model rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA). METHODS:70 SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group,a model con-trol group,a positive control chemical medicine group(Leflunomide tablets,0.012 g/kg),a positive control TCM group(Tripter-ygium glycosides tablets,0.012 g/kg)and the groups of low,medium and high-dose [1,4,6 g(crude drug)/kg] alcohol extract of T. asiatica,with 10 rats in each group. The rats in all groups except for the normal control group were given complete Freund’s complete adjuvant id for the establishment of AA models. At the same time,the rats in the drug administration groups were given corresponding drugs ig,while those in the normal control group and the model control group were given isometric normal saline ig,twice a day,for 28 consecutive days. The degree of toe swelling,arthritis index and the levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6, IL-10,tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in serum and synovial membranes of all groups of rats were determined. RESULTS:Compared to the normal control group,the model control group demonstrated higher degree of primary and secondary toe swelling,arthritis index and levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand PGE2 in serum and joint synovial membrane,and low-er level of IL-10 therein(P<0.01). Compared to the model control group,all the above-mentioned indexes of the rats in drug ad-ministration groups significantly improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The alcohol extract of T. asiatica. has a preven-tive and therapeutic effect on the model rats with AA by regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cyto-kines in serum and synovial membrane.