The factors which affect IL-2 production of human peripheral blood lymphocyte were further studied, and the methods of testing IL-2 by various mitogen activated cells such as mouse thymocyte, ConA or PHA activated mouse spleen lymphocyte or 7-10 days culture (supported by human tonsil IL-2) of human perpheral blood lymphocyte were compared. The results suggest that the amount of IL-2 produced by human blood lymphocyte is related to the concentration of lymphocyte, different batchs and concentrations of calf serum as well as purity of mitogen. The value of IL-2 tested by freshly isolated and activated cells is affected by animal variety, and the activated blast cells still response to mitogen in some extent. Among these methods, 7～ 10 days cultured human perpheral blood lymphocyte have the lowest response to mitogen and is the most sensitive way to test human IL-2t ConA activated cells is more sensitive than thymocytes in the measuring of the activity of murine and human IL-2, the interference of ConA in the IL-2 determination can be avoided by adding Methyl-D-mannopyranoside to block the activity of ConA which are present in testing cells and IL-2 samples, Testing of IL-2 activity with thymocyte is not a sensitive method, especialy for human tonsil IL-2 detectation, and needs longer time to get result.

Observations were made on the pathological changes of the heart muscles,livers and brains in dogs, monkeys and mice during the subacute toxic studies of 5-p-flurophenoxy primaquine citrate (MP-0090) which was compared with primaquine phosphate in same dosages.The results showed slight eosinophilic degeneration of heart muscles in some dogs and mice, focal ballon degeneration of liver cells in some dogs and fatty degeneration in one monkey.These changes were reversible and insignificant in clinic. Besides, no differences were found in pathologic changes between MP-0090 and primaquine phosphete.

Preclinical toxicology of PsD-007(a new photosensitizer prepared in our coll-ege)was studied.Pathological observations were performed on major organs of the toxic dogs including liver, kidneys, myocardium, lungs, spleen, stomach, intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes, urinary bladder, prostata, testes, ovary, adrenals, pituitary gland, thyroid and brain.Focal balloning degeneration of hepatic cells occurred in lower dose groups, and degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and proximal convoluted tubular epithelial cells of kidney, and edema of brain in higher dose groups were observed in acute toxicity testing.The hepatocytes were normal, but hyperplasia, swelling and vacuoles within the cytoplasm of the Kupffers cells in liver, necrosis of tubules of kidney and edema of brain in higher dose groups were found in subacute testing. These damages were reversible within 4 weeks except in higher dose groups, and their morphologic severity was dose-related.The results show that the liver and kidney may be the main target organs of toxicity of PsD, and the detections of hepatic and renal functions may be useful to guard against its toxic effects during clinical use.

Cervical spinal cord injury is a common and serious disease in clinic, and tracheotomy combined with mechanical ventilation is an effective way to prevent respiratory complications. Although tracheotomy is used widely, there are not unified indications of tracheotomy after cervical spinal cord injury in the practical application. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of the application of tracheotomy in patients with cervical spinal cord injury are still on dispute. Based on the recent literature, we summarize the influence factors and meanings of tracheotomy after cervical spinal cord injury.
Cervical Cord ; injuries ; Humans ; Neck Injuries ; Respiration, Artificial ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Tracheotomy

Objective To explore the characteristics of brain activation when solving simple multiplication and complex multiplication tasks. Methods From June, 2010 to June, 2012, Thirteen normal subjects completed four functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) ex-periments, including control tasks, visuospatial memory tasks, simple (single-digit) multiplication tasks and complex (multi-digit) multiplica-tion tasks. Results Compared with the control tasks, visuospatial memory tasks activated the bilateral occipital lobe, the right precuneus and superior parietal lobe;simple multiplication tasks activated the bilateral middle occipital gyri, the left superior parietal lobe, the left cingu-late gyrus, the left middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus;complex multiplication tasks activated the right superior parietal lobe, the right inferior frontal gyrus, and the bilateral middle frontal gyri. Conclusion A right parieto-frontal network is involved in the multi-digit multiplication, which supports the containing of the spatial layout information.

miR-106b-25 cluster is composed of miR-106b,miR-93 and miR-25,and is a paralogue of miR-17-92 cluster.Some studies have shown that the members in miR-106b-25 cluster abundantly expressed in many cancers.Over-expressions of these miRNAs promote the growth of tumor cells by negatively regulating p21 and p57,and suppress the apoptosis of tumor cells through inhibition of Bim.Moreover,high expression of miR-106b-25 cluster might endue tumor cells with resistance to inhibitory effect of cell growth induced by TGF-β signaling.

Objective: Degenerative osteoarthritis of knee joint of many old men was very difficult to treat.Conservative treatment was less effective.Author advise that subtibial plateau osteotomy and joint debridement was effective in clinic.Methods:(1)From aterior medial of tibial of subplateau,in three sides:auterior,external and posterior tibia was ostcotomized in wedge shape under protecting of thick pad medial plate of articular surface was beaten for appositing osteotomy fissure.Two needles were fixed in form of cross position.(2)The osteophyma of knee,osteochondritis dissecans and changing property synovium were all excised and joint debrided.(3)The short of cartilage was pasted or transplanted through adjacent periosteum.Results:21 cases followed-up with an average period of 6～7 years,excellent and good results were 90.6%.Conclusion:The way of subtibial plateau osteotomy,joint debridement,periosteum graft and cartilage mend were uscful operation for treatment of degenerative osteoarthritis of knee joint.Author thought that the way was useful to enlarging joint compartment,reducing intraosseous pressure,recovering joint smooth surface.

Objective To establish two PCR assays to rapidly and simultaneously detect U.parvum and U.urealyticum.Methods Two PCR assays were established through designing two sets of specific primer targeting urease gene B of U.parvum and U.urealyticum,respectively.The standard strains of U.parvum and U.urealyticum and the clinical samples were detected by these PCR assays and PCR products of the standard strains and two clinical specimens were directly sequenced and carried out specific and sensitive assays.Forty-eight clinical specimens were tested for culture and the PCR assays and tow methods were compared.Results The standard strains of U.parvum,U.urealyticum and the clinical specimens were successfully and differentially detected by the PCR assays and the sequencing results were found to have a complete similarity to the GenBank sequences.The 14 strains of other bacterial genera including 5 strains that produced urease were not amplified by these PCR assays.Each assay had a detection limit of 10 copies/?l of plasmid DNA.The positive rate in 48 clinical specimens by PCR(54.2%)was higher than that by culture(39.6%)(P

Giving full play to the function of the network and making it serve graduates for employment better has already been realized by all universities and colleges,but to make "five in one " of the employment network come true still needs the universities to increase input,strengthen management,and make a good construction of the campus employment network.

The behavioral performance and mechanism of spatial acalculia were reviewed in this paper. Meanwhile, the brain mechanism and cognitive impairment are also preliminarily introduced.