It is well established that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is the major regulatory networkthat maintains blood pressure, fluid and electrolyte balance and the homeostasis of cardiovascular system.Most studies in the last decades centered on the pivotal members of RAS, that is, angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Recent identification of ACE-2, the homology of ACE,and the identification of the multiple products degraded from angiotensinⅠ, including AngⅢ, AngⅣ,Ang1 -9, Ang1 -7, Des-Asp-angiotensinⅠ(DAAⅠ), etc, have proved that AngⅡ is not the only bio-logical active compound of RAS. Peptides derived from angiotensinogen,that is, family of angiotensins,display independent and pleiotropic biological activitiesin vivo, and interact with each other both in me-tabolism pathway and the biologic effects. The imbalance of the network of angiotensin metabolites exhib-its significant pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease.

Objective:To evaluate the shoulder functions of four groups of patients who underwent different kinds of neck dissections.Methods:40 patients who underwent neck dissection were included,7 patients preserved both accessory nerve and the cervical branches,8 preserved accessory nerve,11 preserved cervical branches and 14 sacrificed both of them.All patients were assessed subjectively at 2 weeks and 6 months after operation,using a questionnaire and an electromyograghy method.Results:The patients whose accessory nerves were preserved had a significant functional rehabilitation of the shoulder,while those who preserved only the cervical branches had a better result than the RND 6 months postoperation.Conclusion: Preservation of the branches from C2-C4 to trapezius muscle during the modified neck dissection should be taken into consideration to improve shoulder functions.

Core human resource serves as the principal capital of carrier of knowledge and skills of a hospital,which is the most decisive factor of a hospital' s competitiveness and adaptability for its initiative and creativity.Their stability and development plays a key role in hospital development.This study analyzed the characteristics and capacity demand of such human resource,and proposed that their management should differ from the rest,recommending reforms in their job description,development and training,performance appraisal,remuneration design and incentive mechanism.

This paper points out that sunshine purchase, reasonable utilization and scientific management be involved in the management of medical equipment.

Objective:To generate rabbit polyclonal antibody against human Argonaute2 (Ago2) protein and to identify its functional characterization for determination of differential expression and cellular localization of Ago2 protein in various cell lines.Methods:DNAstar software was applied for searching the high antigenicity region of Ago2 gene sequence termed k-Ago2.Prokaryotic expressing plasmid was constructed and transformed to E.coli BL21 (DE3) to induce expression by IPTG.The fusion protein was injected into rabbits subcutaneously to produce polyclonal antibodies after purification by gel regaining.ELISA was operated to detect antibody titer.Western blot was used to identify the specificity and sensitivity of the antibodies and detect the differential expression of Ago2 protein in various cell lines.Meanwhile,immunofluorescence experiments were arranged to show cellular localization of Ago2 protein.Results:The prokaryotic expressing plasmid was constructed correctly.K-Ago2 protein was expressed and purified,and then rabbit polyclonal antibodies against Ago2 were generated after immunization with k-Ago2 protein.The titer detected by ELISA was 1∶19 000.Western blot results demonstrated the high specificity of the antibodies.Finally,we successfully observed the differential expression and cellular localization of Ago2 protein in various cell lines.Conclusion:The polyclonal antibody against Ago2 protein has been achieved successfully.It will be propitious for the intensive study of the RNAi mechanism and even profound clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the progressive motility, (PR), total motility (progressive + non-progressive motility, PR + NP), and acrosin activity of sperm from normal and infertile men at different time points after sperm activation.

METHODSBased on the 5th edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen and the results of modified Papanicolaou staining, we divided the semen samples into groups A (normal, n = 28), B (oligoasthenoteratospermia, n = 30), and C (asthenoteratospermia, n = 32). At 1, 24, and 48 hours after sperm activation, we detected sperm PR and PR + NP by CASA and chemical colorimetry, and determined sperm acrosin activity using the modified Kennedy method.

RESULTSSperm PR and PR + NP were significantly decreased in all the three groups at 1-24 hours and even more significantly at 24-48 hours after sperm activation as compared with the baseline (P < 0.05). Sperm acrosin activity showed remarkable reduction in group A (P = 0. 013) , even more significant at 1-24 hours than at 24-48 hours after sperm activation, but not in groups B and C (P = 0.519 and 0.979).

CONCLUSIONSperm PR, PR + NP, and acrosin activity are all decreased with the extension of time after sperm activation, each in a specific manner. Examination of sperm acrosin activity should be applied as a routine tool in the assessment of male fertility.

Acrosin ; metabolism ; Asthenozoospermia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Semen ; Sperm Motility ; physiology ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism ; physiology ; Time Factors

Objective To study the protective effect of pure carbachol or combined with dietary fiber on intestinal mucosal barrier of rats after diffuse brain injury (DBI).Methods An adult male Wistar rat model of DBI was reproduced by gravitational shock method. The rats injured and survived after resuscitation were divided into three groups: model group (n = 40), carbachol group (n = 40) and carbachol combined with dietary fiber group (combined group,n = 32). In addition, a control group was established by simply an incision performed on the scalp, and the rats could drink freely (n = 5). In the experimental groups, 2 hours after resuscitation the rats began to receive gavage, 6 hours once, the liquid amount 15 mL/kg should be assured in every 6 hours, and if insufficient, normal saline was supplemented. In model group, normal saline 90 mL/kg was given, in carbachol group, carbachol 300μg/kg was administered and in combined group, carbachol 300μg/kg combined with dietary fiber 60 mL/kg was supplied. At 3 (combined group being excluded), 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after resuscitation, the rats were anesthetized to collect samples and detect the plasma levels of D-lactate and activity of diamine oxidase (DAO) respectively, and the changes of villus height of small intestine were examined by a light microscope.Results The plasma D-lactate levels and the activities of DAO at any time point in the experimental groups were significant higher than those in control group (allP < 0.01). Along with the prolongation of time, the levels of plasma D-lactate and DAO activities in carbachol and carbachol plus diatary fiber groups were gradually lower than those of the model group, and at 48 hours after injury they reached their valley values [D-lactate (ng/L): 6.32±0.79, 7.46±1.67 vs. 17.65±1.53, DAO activity (kU/L): 0.76±0.01, 0.86±0.01 vs. 2.23±0.15]. Under light microscopy, compared with control group, the villus height of small intestinal mucosa at any time point in any experimental group was gradually lowered, and reached the valley values at 12 hours, then gradually increased , and peaked at 48 hours, the villus height in carbachol group and combined group was higher than that in model group (μm: 265.36±10.20, 261.54±10.38 vs. 247.51±9.39, bothP < 0.05).Conclusion When only carbachol is administered into the rat intestine early after diffuse brain injury in rats, beginning from 6 hours after injury, the protective effect of intestinal mucosal barrier is shown, representing decrease of plasma D-lactate level and DAO activity, amelioration of intestinal mucosal damage and protection of intestinal mucosal barrier; under the same above situation, the carbachol combined with dietary fiber was applied, showing the similar above carbachol protective effects.

To construct a recombinant adenovirus containing CDglyES fusion gene, which can directly inhibit human ovarian cancer cell and indirectly inhibit vascular endothelial cell growth. Methods:We constructed prAdCDglyES using a homolo-gous recombination method in bacteria. The prAdCDglyES was transfected to 293 packaging cells using liposome, in which rAdCDgly-ES was packaged and amplified. MTT was used to observe the proliferation inhibition effect of rAdCDglyES on human ovarian cancer cells and the growth inhibition effect of expressing products of rAdCDglyES on ECV-304. Results:The titer of rAdCDglyES was 1 × 1013.3 TCID50/L, whereas the inhibition rate on human ovarian cancer cell SKOV-3 was (83.1±6.3)%. This result is significantly different from the control rAd-LacZ, which had an inhibition rate of (24.1 ± 13.2)% (P<0.01). The concentrated culture supernatant from cells transfected with rAdCDglyES can inhibit ECV-304 cell proliferation at a rate of (78.7 ± 1.6)%. This rate is significantly different com-pared with that of the control with the same concentration of culture supernatant from cells transfected with rAd-CD, with an effect on ECV-304 cell shown by an inhibition rate of (23.9 ± 9.7)%(P<0.01). Conclusion:The results showed that the recombinant adenovirus rAdCDglyES could inhibit human ovarian cancer cells directly and indirectly.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic effect of kyphoplasty in treating severe osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures. Methods Thirty-five patients (48 vertebral bodies) with severe osteoporotic compressive fractures were included. There were 33 females and 2 males with the mean age of 74.2 years. The average compressive rate of the affected vertebral bodies was 77.0%. The thoracolumbar vertebrae were treated with kyphoplasties. Percutaneous puncture direction was adjusted according to compressive rate and shape of the vertebral bodies. The inflatable bone tamp was inserted into the fractured vertebral body. The balloon was inflated with low pressure and dilate-relieve-dilate method was applied. The balloon was deflated and withdrawn, leaving a cavity within the vertebral body, which then fulfilled with visualized bone cement. Preoperative and postoperative symptom level, complications and radiographic findings were recorded. Results All 35 patients tolerated procedure well. The mean heights of the anterior, mid and posterior vertebral body had improved from (0.8±0.1) cm, (0.8±0.2) cm, (2.1 ±0.8) cm preoperatively to (1.2±0.3) cm, (1.3±0.2) cm, (2.3±1.0) cm respectively after operation (P ＜0.05). There was significance difference between preoperative and postoperative heights of the anterior and mid vertebral body. The mean kyphosis was improved from 28.2°±5.2° before operation to 19.1°±4.9° after operation. Conclusion Kyphoplasty is feasible and effective for severe osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures.

Objective To explore the related neurobiochemical mechanism by comparing the concentration change of dopamine (DA),dihydroxy-phenyl acetic acid (DOPAC),glutamate (Glu),and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain tissues in schizophrenia (SZ) developmental model rats and chronic medication model rats.Methods A total of 60 neonatal male Spragur-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups at the postnatal day 6:an SZ developmental rat model group (subcutaneous injection with MK-801 at the postnatal day 7-10,0.1 mg/kg,Bid),a chronic medication model group (intraperitoneal injection at the postnatal day 47-60,0.2 mg/kg,Qd),and a normal control group (injection with O.9％ normal saline during the corresponding periods).DA,DOPAC,Glu,and GABA of the tissue homogenate from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus were examined with Coularray electrochemic detection by high performance liquid chromatogram technique.The utilization rate of DA and Glu was calculated.Results Compared with the normal control group,the concentration of DA and DOPAC in the mPFC and the hippocampus in the SZ developmental model group significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ),and the GABA concentration and Glu utilization rate in the mPFC also decreased (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with the chronic medication model group,the DA concentration of the mPFC in the SZ developmental group decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ),and the DOPAC concentration and the utility rate of DA in the hippocampus also decreased (P ＜0.01,P ＜0.05,respectively).Conclusion The activities of DA,Glu and GABA system decrease in the mPFC and the DA system function reduces in the hippocampus of SZ developmental rats.