OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical distributed features and drug-resistant conditions of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infection in the last three years for the reference to clinical drug administration. METHODS Retrospective analysis was performed about drug-resistant conditions of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infection in the last three years from 2004 to 2006. RESULTS Totally 488 pathogenic strains, including 289 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (59.22%);95 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (19.47%) and 104 strains of fungi (21.31%),were isolated from patients in the last three years, the isolation rate of fungi,Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae tended to increase year by year. They resisted to commonly used antibiotics at different degree, the rate of multiple-resistance was 80.33%. CONCLUSIONS Most pathogens isolated from patients with nosocomial infection are Gram-negative bacteria, which always display multi-resistant tendency to routine antimicrobial agents. The culture of pathogenic bacteria and rational use of antimicrobial agents should be emphasized to decrease the incidence of nosocomial infection, the factors which easily caused nosocomial infection should be reduced as well.

Objective:To evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasound combined with ultrasonic elastography for curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer.Methods: 100 patients with breast cancer who has received NAC were divided intoobservation group (50 cases, underwent examination of color Doppler ultrasound scanner combined with ultrasonic elastography) and control group (50 cases, only underwent examination of color Doppler ultrasound scanner) according to the different examination methods. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis methods for curative effect of NAC between the two groups were compared as above data.Results: The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis for curative effect of NAC in observation group were 88.00％, 90.00％ and 86.00％, respectively. While them of control group were 78.00％, 80.00％ and 76.00％, respectively. And the differences of these indicators between the two groups were statistically significant (x2=2.01,x2=3.24,x2=3.45, P<0.05).Conclusions: Color Doppler ultrasound combined with ultrasound elastography can diagnose the curative effect of NAC for patients with breast cancer from two aspects which includes tissue hardness and blood supply, and it can achieve more diagnostic accuracy compared with only using simple color Doppler ultrasound.

Diabetic neuropathy is the most common neuropathy. Pathology and electrophysiology are important for early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy. This article would review the newest progress of the pathology and electrophysiology of diabetic neuropathy.

Objective To study the methods of the Chinese New Year (CNY) Factor's Adjustment based on the ARIMA models. Methods First, a common regressor for CNY was created. Then, the re-gressor was included in the seasonal ARIMA regressive model(regARIMA or TRAMO) ,AIC or BIC was used for model selection,and the generalized least squares method or maximum likelihood method was used for the earl-mation of model parameter. The estimated regressive coefficient was used for analyzing the degree of the CNY factor. A case was analyzed with the adjustment methods. Results The analysis on the case showed that the methods of the CNY factor's adjustment could remove the effects of the CNY factor on the time series, and the degree of the effects could be esti-mated in quantity. Conclusion The regressor for CNY is applicable,and the methods of the CNY factor's adjustment based on the ARIMA models can be used in seasonal adjustment on the time series. It's a new approach to analyze the effects of the CNY factor.

[Objective]To introduce the safety of the spinal wedge osteotomy by a single posterior approach and to discuss the selection of fusion and fixation. [Method]Sixteen patients with severe post-adolescent congenital spinal deformities were treated by spinal wedge osteotomy by a single posterior approach from February 2000 and July 2006.There were 10 males and 6 females with an average age of 21.4 years(range 16 to 29 years).There were 11 patients with hemivertebre and 5 with fused ribs or bone bridge.Two patients had previous surgery history.The average Cobb's angles of scoliosis and kyphosis before operation were 84.7 ?and 52.6?.The average trunk shift was 15.4 mm.Bony septum in the canal was found in 2 patients on the preoperative CT or MRI.[Result]The follow-up ranged from 2 to 4 years with an average of 2 years and six months.The average fused vertebrae were 10.6 segments(range 8 to 14 segments).The postoperative average Cobb's angles of scoliosis and kyphosis were 38.5 and 27.7.The average correction rates of scoliosis and kyphosis were 54.5% and 47.4%.The average trunk shift was improved to 4.6 mm.There was no significant correction loss of the scoliosis,kyphosis and trunk shift at final follow-up evaluation.No patient developed severe complications except that two had pedicle fracture,one had L1 nerve root injury,one had superior mesenteric artery syndrome and one had exudates of incision.[Conclusion]Spinal wedge osteotomy by the single posterior approach is a reliable and safe surgical technique for correcting severe post-adolescent congenital spinal deformities.

Objective To evaluate the operative technique and the short-term clinical results of ce-mentless total hip arthroplasty (THA) for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in adults with high level dislocation. Methods Nine patients (11 hips) with DDH of Hartofilakidis type Ⅲ, who underwent cement-less THA between 1997 and 2002, were analyzed. Of 9 patients, 8 were females, and 1 male with an average age of 29.4 years (range, 17 to 56 years). There were unilateral DDH in 7, and bilateral in 2. The patients had no previous surgery. The preoperative average length difference between the two legs was 4.1 cm (range, 0 to 7 cm). The femoral head was dislocated upward from the normal position by 4.8 cm on average (range, 3.2 to 7.0 cm). The Zweym?ller cup was placed on the original acetabulum in all patients with more than 80% bony coverage on the cup, and no bone graft needed. In 4 hips with more than 5 cm of displacement, the reduction of prosthesis was achieved by shortening osteotomy below lesser trochanter. The preoperative average Harris score was 40.2. Results All of 9 patients were obtained follow-up of X-ray films and clinical evaluation. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 32 months with a mean of 18.2 months, the osteotomy of 4 hips were bony healed at 3 months postoperatively showed by X-ray films. The postoperative average difference of the two leg length reduced to an average 1.1 cm (range, 0 to 3 cm), and the postoperative average Harris score increased to 90. Femoral nerve impairment occurred in 1 case, and recovered 4 months later. There were no loosening, dislocation and infection at follow-up. Conclusion Based on the short-term results of the cementless total hip arthroplasty for the developmental dislocation of the hip in adults with high level dislocation, it is proven to be a good technique, and the satisfied clinical results would be obtained.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was the preferred method of non-operation treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Radical resection of HCC remains difficult,extrahepatic metastasis was not easy to deal with,and repeated treatment aggravated the liver injury,so the long-term efficacy was poor.Sorafenib could control tumor angiogenesis and block the proliferation of tumor cells.A male patient with primary HCC and in the stage Ⅱb according to the Chinese clinical liver cancer staging system was treated by TACE combined with sorafenib and antiviral treatment in Henan Cancer Hospital.After the treatment,the intrahepatic lesions were inactive,and the pulmonary metastasis was partially relieved.The patient was followed up till May 2012,and the survival time was 39 months.The hepatic function was normal,and the hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication was negative.No intervention treatmentrelated complications were detected,and the KPS score was 100.

Objective To repair the injured spinal cord in adult rats using tissue-engineered neural complex constructed in vitro by tissue engineering techniques and discuss the treatment effect.Methods Neural stem cells (NSCs) from rats were cultured separately and modified collagen scaffold was also prepared to construct complex of NSCs /modified collagen scaffold in vitro.Embryo spine cord extract was administered to induce differentiation of NSCs,the structure of which was revealed by histochemical technique and scanning electron microscope.The rat models of hemisected spinal cord injury were built and grafted with tissue-engineered neural complex.Functional recovery of the models was evaluated every two weeks postoperatively.Effect in repair of spinal cord injury was assessed by histological method at postoperative three and eight weeks.Results After tissue-engineered neural complex planted in the modified collagen scaffold was grafted into the injured spinal cord in adult rats,the seed cells survived and further differentiated into functionally active neurons.The differentiated glia cells presented quite regular reticular structure.Motor function below the level of the injured spinal cord in adult rats obtained obvious recovery.Conclusion Tissue-engineered neural complex seeded in the modified collagen scaffold takes effect in structural reconstruction and functional recovery of the injured spinal cord in adult rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-deep brain stimulation (DBS) on expression of dopamine and adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate-regulated phosphor-protein(DARPP-32) and its phosphorylated proteins in corpus striatum of rat models with levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Methods The rat models of levodopa-induced dyskinesia were set up and were given STN-DBS (stimulation group). The expression of DARPP-32 and its phosphorylated proteins in corpus striatum (damage side and normal side) were detected and compared with sham-stimulation group and sham-operation group. Results There was no significant difference in the expression of DARPP-32 total protein in corpus striatum of rats with dyskinesia among three groups (P>0.05). The expression of Phosphor-Thr34-DARPP-32 protein in the damage side of corpus striatum in stimulation group was significantly lower than that in sham-stimulation group and sham-operation group (P<0.05), while the expression of Phosphor-Thr75-DARPP-32 protein in the damage side of corpus striatum in stimulation group was significantly higher than that in sham-stimulation group and sham-operation group (P<0.05). Conclusion DARPP-32 and its phosphorylated proteins play an important role in the pathogenesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

BACKGROUND:Both of acupuncture and mesenchymal stem cel transplantation have therapeutic effects on cerebral palsy. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapentic effect of acupuncture combined with placenta derived mesenchymal stem cel s on rat cerebral palsy. METHODS:Thirty-five Wistar rats were equivalently randomized into five groups, including control group, model group, acupuncture group, transplantation group and combination group. Rat models of cerebral palsy were prepared in al groups except the control group. At 7 days after modeling, in the transplantation group, 10μL placenta derived mesenchymal stem cel s were transplanted into the right cerebral cortex and striatum of rats;rats in theacupuncture group were given acupuncture at Shuigou (DU26), Dazhui (DU14), Baihui (DU20), Guanyuan (RN4) and Qihai (RN6) points;rats in the combination group given acupuncture and transplantation treatment as described above;the model and control groups received no treatment. Then, after 7-day intervention, the body mass, neurological function and pathological changes of rat brain tissues were measured and observed, respectively. . RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The order of the growth rate of body mass was as fol ows:control group>combination group>acupuncture and transplantation groups>model group, and al groups had significant differences except the two groups of acupuncture and transplantation (P<0.05);findings from holding tract, foot error and water finding in maze tests showed the neurological function was best in the control group, fol owed by the combination group, as wel as acupuncture and transplantation groups, and the worst in the model group. Al groups had significant differences except acupuncture and transplantation groups (P<0.05). Besides, in the model group, cel s in the brain and hippocampus decreased, arranging disorderly with fuzzy structure, and inflammatory cel s appeared;pathological changes in the other groups were in between control group and model group, Additional y, brain tissues in the combination group exlibited better pathological changes than those in the acupuncture and transplantation groups, which were similar with the normal brain tissues. To conclude, acupuncture, placenta derived mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation, or their combination can improve neurological function in rats with cerebral palsy, especial y the combination treatment.