OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine (PA-MSHA) on the proliferation of human nasopharyngeal cancer cells and explore the possible mechanism.

METHODSMTT assay was used to determine the cell growth of human nasopharyngeal cancer cell line 5-8F and 6-10B in vitro treated with the vaccine. The cell cycle distribution of the cells was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of apoptosis and cycle-related proteins were evaluated by Western blotting.

RESULTSPA-MSHA treatment significantly suppressed the proliferation of 5-8F and 6-10B cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner compared with the control group (P<0.05). The cells with PA-MSHA treatment exhibited a decreased percentage of cells entering S phase and a corresponding increase in G(1) phase cells in FACS analysis. The expression of cyclin D(1), CDK4, and CDK6 was significantly up-regulated, Bax protein up-regulated, and the anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 down-regulated in PA-MSHA-treated cells.

CONCLUSIONPA-MSHA can suppress the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell in vitro by affecting the cell cycle and promoting cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; immunology

Administration, Sublingual ; Bacterial Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; analysis ; Male ; Pseudomonas Vaccines ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Meningitis is a clinically important disease because of its high mortality and morbidity. The epidemiology of this disease has changed remarkably due to the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine. Therefore, it is required to continuously monitor and research the organisms isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures. METHODS: We analyzed trends of bacteria and fungi isolates obtained from CSF cultures between 1997 and 2016 in a tertiary care hospital according to year, month, gender, and age. RESULTS: Out of a total of 38,450 samples, we identified 504 (1.3%) isolates. The isolation rate in the first tested decade (1997–2006) ranged from 1.3% to 3.1%, while that in the second decade (2007–2016) ranged from 0.4% to 1.5%. The most common organisms was coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (31.9%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (9.5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (7.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (5.8%), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (5.8%). Monthly isolation rates were highest in May and July and lowest in February and December. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The isolation rates of S. pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, and Escherichia coli were similar in children and adults, but those of S. aureus, E. faecalis, A. baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, M. tuberculosis, and Cryptococcus neoformans were higher in adults than in children. CONCLUSION: During the last two decades, the isolation rate of CSF culture per year has decreased, with monthly isolation rates being highest in May and July. CoNS, S. aureus, and S. pneumoniae were most common in males, whereas CoNS, S. pneumoniae, and M. tuberculosis were most common in females. While Group B Streptococcus was most common in infants younger than 1 year, S. aureus and C. neoformans were more common in adults.
Acinetobacter baumannii ; Adult ; Bacteria* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Child ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Enterococcus faecium ; Epidemiology ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Fungi* ; Haemophilus influenzae type b ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Pneumococcal Vaccines ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Tertiary Healthcare* ; Tuberculosis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MSHA (PA-MSHA) vaccine combined with TAC scheme in the treatment of breast carcinoma.

METHODSA non-blinded, randomized, controlled trial was conducted between January 2008 and June 2008 among 60 patients with breast carcinoma. The patients were randomized into control group (30 cases) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and PA-MSHA group (30 cases) with PA-MSHA treatment in addition to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The therapeutic effect, adverse effects, surgical approaches, postoperative complications and cost-effectiveness in both groups were analyzed before and after the treatment.

RESULTSThe response rate in PA-MSHA group were significantly higher than that in the control group at 2, 3, and 4 weeks after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.05). The Karnofsky scores underwent no significant changes in PA-MSHA group after the chemotherapy, but significantly reduced in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence and severity of the toxic reactions and the rates of subcutaneous fluid, skin flap necrosis and infection in PA-MSHA group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The rate of operation following two neoadjuvant chemotherapy sessions was significantly higher in PA-MSHA group than in the control group. The cost of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for a 1% increment of the response rate was also significantly lower in PA-MSHA than in the control group.

CONCLUSIONPA-MSHA vaccine combined with TAC scheme can significantly enhance the therapeutic effect of breast carcinoma, lowers the rate of postoperative complications, and improve the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; therapy ; Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; immunology ; Taxoids ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult