N-Myc oncogene plays an important role in the process of hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation in embryos. Once the body suffers from hematologic malignancies, the expression of N-Myc would increase and significantly associate with disease progression. In this article the structure of N-Myc, the regulatory mechanism in the different hematopoietic lineages, the interaction in each signal pathways, the transgenic animal model of overexpression, and intervention by drugs are reviewed.
Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hematopoiesis ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism

Multiple myeloma(MM) as one of the most common tumors of hmatologic system, is characterized by malignant proliferation of plasma cells, and the chemotherapy is the main therapeutic method. MM is an incurable disease because of drug-resistance of MM cells. Although the pathogenesis of MM remains unknown, the chromosome abnormalities exit in half of the patients, particularly the highly expressed gene C-MYC. Furthermore, plenty of clinical researches indicated a high expression level of C-MYC implied worse progression and/or poor prognosis of MM. Recently, the work exploiting the compounds targeting MYC has made substantial progress, even in the MM therapy. In this article, briefly the recent advances of the research on C-MYC proto-oncogene in multiple myeloma are reviewed.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Genes, myc ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; Plasma Cells ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc

The Proto-oncogene c-myc and c-myb has been shown to be crucial in the development of the hematopoietic system. The changes in the expression of c-myc are concerned the cell proliferation and differentiation, the expression products of which play an important regulatory role in cell growth, differentiation or malignant transformation. The c-myb involves in transcription and affects cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis. More recently, the researches on proto-oncogene c-myc, c-myb in hematopoietic regulation have gradually increased along with development of molecular biology, molecular immunology and cell biology. Scientists point out that the directive differentiation of erythroid and megakaryocytic progenitors, and platelet abnormalities all relate to the level of their expressions. The most common thrombocytopathy includes thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis and so on. The etiology and the mechanism of these diseases are unknown. This article reviews the structure, function and the expression of c-myc and c-myb in platelet diseases and their significance.
Blood Platelet Disorders ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between the expression of key proto-oncogenes playing major roles in tumorigenic process and abnormal sarring.

METHODSImmunohistochemical technique was performed to detect the expressions of c-myc, c-fos and ras p21 proteins on hypertrophic scars, keloids and normal skin. Image analysis was used to compare their quantitative difference of expression.

RESULTSC-myc and c-fos expressions on the nucleus of fibroblasts of hypertrophic and keloid scars were significantly higher than normal skin controls, and there was no difference between the two lesions. Ras p21 expression was not detected on the fibroblasts of hypertrophic and keloid scars.

CONCLUSION1. c-myc and c-fos oncogenes are activated on hypertrophic and keloid scars, which may contribute to proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts, synthesis and degradation of collagen and regulation of cytokines and induce abnormal scarring, the mechanisms of their effects remain to be further studied. 2. Ras gene may not mutate or its mutations may not play a major role in the process of abnormal scarring. 3. Only part of proto-oncogenes moderately expressed on abnormal scars. The expression of multiple oncogenes does not coexist in abnormal scars may be the cause of their less chances to induce malignant transformation.

Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogenes

Abstract　　Double-hit lymphoma (DHL) is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL-2/BCL-6 rearrangement, which is a invasive disease with a poor prognosis. FISH is the most important diagnostic method. There is no standard protocol for this disease yet. New therapeutic approaches including targeted therapy，checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy are changing the paradigm of treatment for DHL. This review summarizes new developments in diagnosis and treatment of double-hit lymphoma.
Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc

Synthetic lethal screening, which exploits the combination of mutations that result in cell death, is a promising method for identifying novel drug targets. This method provides a new avenue for targeting "undruggable" proteins, such as c-Myc. Here, we revisit current methods used to target c-Myc and discuss the important functional nodes related to c-Myc in non-oncogene addicted network, whose inhibition may cause a catastrophe for tumor cell destiny but not for normal cells. We further discuss strategies to identify these functional nodes in the context of synthetic lethality. We review the progress and shortcomings of this research field and look forward to opportunities offered by synthetic lethal screening to treat tumors potently.
Humans ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics* ; Synthetic Lethal Mutations

No abstract available.
Apoptosis* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc*

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; metabolism ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the oncogene transcriptor c-myc, stimulatory protein 1 (SP1) expression in ameloblastoma (AB) and their relation with telomerase reverse transcripase (hTERT), and to investigate the clinical biological characteristics of AB.

METHODSThe expression was observed in AB by in situ hybridization and SP method.

RESULTSThe positive rates of c-myc mRNA, hTERT mRNA and SP1 protein were 81.5% (44/54), 94.4% (51/54) and 83.3% (45/54), respectively. Their positive rates increased as AB recurred and transformed malignantly. A strong correlation was found between hTERT and c-myc, hTERT and SP1 (rs = 0.853, P < 0.001; rs = 0.900, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONActivity of telomerase plays an important role in the tumorigenesis development of AB. Increasing of hTERT expression may be related to c-myc and SP1. The expression of these three parameters has a significant correlation with the clinical biological characteristics of AB.

Ameloblastoma ; metabolism ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism ; Sp1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Telomerase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of C-MYC protein with MDSC, Th17 cells and the pathogenesis of myeloma in different clinical stages. METHODS: A total of 65 patients with multiple myeloma treated in our hospital were selected as MM group, and 30 healthy subjects were selected as control group. The positive expression rate of C-MYC protein in bone marrow tissue, and the ratios of peripheral blood MDSC and Th17 cells were compared among the two groups, and the correlation of C-MYC protein, the ratio of MDSC, Th17 cells with onset of myeloma at different clinical stages, the relationship of the expression of C-MYC protein with the ratio of MDSC/Th17 cells and the clinical parameters of MM was analyzed. Also, the diagnostic value of single diagnosis and combined diagnosis was compared. RESULTS: The positive expression rate of C-MYC protein in bone marrow, the ratio of MDSC and Th17 cells in peripheral blood in MM group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P＜0.05); the positive expression rate of C-MYC protein, MDSC and Th17 cells in patients at ISS stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ MM showed an increasing trend (r=0.432, r=0.401, r=0.351); the correlation between the ratio of MDSC, Th17 cells and the positive expression rate of C-MYC protein in MM patients was positive (r=0.415, r=0.417); the area under ROC curve (AUC) of combined diagnosis was significantly larger than that of single index diagnosis (C-MYC protein, MDSC cells, Th17 cells)(P＜0.05). There was no correlation between the expression of C-MYC protein, the proportion of MDSC, Th17 cells and sex or age in MM patients (P＞0.05). CONCLUSION The positive expression rate of C-MYC protein and the proportion of MDSC and Th17 cells in MM patients significantly increase, which positively correlates with clinical ISS stagin.
Bone Marrow ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; Th17 Cells