PURPOSE: The proper selection of suture is very important to minimize infection after gastrointestinal anastomosis and closure, which is one of the causes of postoperative complications such as leakage and stricture, etc, in the surgical field. Thus this study focuses on which suture can reduce bacterial infection after surgical operation by comparing in vitro microbial infiltration rates of three synthetic absorbable sutures and that of silk - a relatively absorbable material, using E. coli. METHODS: Four different, sterilized kinds of absorbable sutures were used for two experiments. In experiment 1, the cut-off suture was directly applied to the standard method agar plate and cultured for observation. In experiment 2, the cut-off suture was diluted with 1 ml of tryptic soy broth to be smeared and cultured in the standard method agar plate and counted using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS: The first experiment revealed that bacterial growth was not observed in the monofilament and antibiotic-coated multifilament sutures, while the other sutures of multifilament structure were invaded by bacteria. In the second experiment, counting and averaging the colony from five plates of each test showed that the number of E. coli of monofilament suture, antibiotics-coated polyglactin, polyglactin and silk were 0+/-0, 39.3+/-14.4, 208.6+/-76.6, 59.4+/-26.7, respectively. CONCLUSION: Sutures of monofilament structure are believed to be a relatively safe material that can be used for gastrointestinal anastomosis and closure since it has lower bacterial infiltration rates than sutures of multifilament structure.
Agar ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; Caseins ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Polyglactin 910 ; Postoperative Complications ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Silk ; Sutures

Infant formula is classified into standard cow's milk-based and special formulas. This review aimed at summarizing the types of special milk formulas currently sold in Korea, and the appropriate indications for the use of these formulas; lactose free formula, soy-based formula, protein hydrolysate formula, amino acid-based formula, preterm formula, medium chain triglyceride formula, low-phosphorus formula, protein-energy-enriched formula, and formulas for inborn errors of metabolism.
Humans ; Infant Formula* ; Infant* ; Korea* ; Lactose ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; Milk ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Soybeans ; Triglycerides

Thiol broth is known to neutralize various antimicrobial agents. Positivity of growth of various species of bacteria from blood in thiol broth was reported as similar to that in tryptic soy broth (TSB). As blood cultures are often used for the diagnosis of typhoid fever, and as patients may receive antimicrobial therapy before blood culture, the positivity and rapidity of growth of Salmonella typhi in thiol broth were compared to those in TSB. Routine blood culture samples from Yonsei Medical Center patients were inoculated in 50-ml amounts of TSB and thiol broth. The media were prepared from dehydrated products and did not contain CO2, but TSB contained 0.025% sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS). Growth of S. paratyphi-A, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter sp., Serratia marcescens and alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus were similar in both media. However, greater positivity and shorter incubation time for macroscopic detection were noted in TSB with S. typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. It is concluded that thiol broth is inferior to TSB plus SPS for the culture of S. typhi from blood.
Bacteriological Techniques ; Comparative Study ; *Culture Media ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Salmonella typhi/*growth & development ; *Sulfhydryl Compounds ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

This study was purposed to explore the effect of troxerotin and cerebroproptein hydrolysate injection (TCHI) on platelet aggregation in vitro and thrombosis in vivo. The inhibitory rate of TCHI at different concentrations on platelet aggregation was determined by platelet aggregometer. The relationship between dose and effect was established. The effect of troxerutin and cerebroproptein hydrolysate injection on thrombosis was determined by the carotid thrombosis model of rats. The results showed that the TCHI could inhibit thrombosis and platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent way. When the concentration of TCHI total nitrogen was 5 µg/ml, the inhibition rate of platelet aggregation reached to the highest value of 28.61 ± 22.07%, which is 2.5 times as much as that with 100 µg/ml aspirin. It is concluded that the TCHI has antiaggregative and antithrombotic activity effects against platelet aggregation and thrombosis.
Animals ; Hydroxyethylrutoside ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Protein Hydrolysates ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thrombosis ; prevention & control

BACKGROUND: Sanitizers and disinfectants are essential for hygienic control to prevent food poisoning. We evaluated the biocidal activity of a chlorine-based sanitizer/disinfectant, Foodsafe (Neochemical, Paju, Korea), against bacteria, yeasts, and mycobacteria. METHODS: Clinical isolates and reference ATCC strains were exposed to the sanitizer/disinfectant solution (HOCl 100 ppm) prepared with Safefood tablets for various periods (0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min). After the exposure the mixture of microorganisms and Safefood solution was inoculated into tryptic soy broth and onto tryptic soy agar or Sabouraud dextrose agar and cultured at 35oC. RESULTS: All strains of bacteria, yeasts, mycobacteria, and vegetative form of Bacillus subtilis were killed within 2 min of an exposure to Foodsafe (100 ppm of HOCl) under both clean and dirty conditions. But, the spore form of B. subtilis was not killed even after 60 min. CONCLUSION: It may be recommended that Foodsafe can be used as an effective sanitizer/disinfectant for food hygienic control and an intermediate-level disinfectant for hospital infection control.
Agar ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bacteria ; Caseins ; Chlorine ; Cross Infection ; Disinfectants ; Foodborne Diseases ; Glucose ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Sanitation ; Spores ; Tablets ; Yeasts

A fraction named GFC-1 with high antioxidant activities in vitro was isolated from the enzymatic hydrolysates of roasted pills of Asini Corii Colla, and the peptides in this fraction were identified. The enzymatic hydrolysates were isolated and purified with anion exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-25 filtration chromatography successively. GFC-1, a fraction isolated from the hydrolysates, exhibited the highest DPPH and ABTS scavenging capacity (DPPH 47. 95% at 2.0 g x L(-1) and ABTS 97.20% at 0.40 g x L(-1). Nine peptides from GFC-1 were identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS coupled with TurboSEQUEST search software and Swiss-Prot data base, and a high repetition core sequence GPAGPP*GPP* was also found.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Equidae ; Hydrolysis ; Mass Spectrometry ; Peptides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Protein Hydrolysates ; chemistry ; Skin ; chemistry

Animals ; Cadmium/toxicity* ; Dysbiosis/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Glutamine/pharmacology* ; Methionine ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Ostreidae ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Tyrosine

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we evaluated the antihypertensive effects of enzymatic hydrolysate from Styela clava flesh tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. SUBJECTS/METHODS: S. clava flesh tissue hydrolysate (SFTH) (n = 34) and placebo (n = 22) were randomly allocated to the study subjects. Each subject ingested two test capsules (500 mg) containing powdered SFTH (SFTH group) or placebo capsules (placebo group) during four weeks. RESULTS: In the SFTH group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly 4 weeks after ingestion by 9.9 mmHg (P < 0.01) and 7.8 mmHg (P < 0.01), respectively. In addition, the SFTH group exhibited a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1c with a tendency toward improvement in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride, apolipoprotein B and plasma insulin levels after 4 weeks. No adverse effects were observed in other indexes, including biochemical and hematological parameters in both groups. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggested that SFTH exerts a regulatory, antihypertensive effect in patients with T2DM and hypertension.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Apolipoproteins ; Aquatic Organisms ; Blood Pressure ; Capsules ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Double-Blind Method ; Eating ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Plasma ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Triglycerides

An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor was developed from Aspergillus oryzae N159-1, which was screened from traditional fermented Korean foods. The intracellular concentration of the inhibitor reached its highest level when the fungus was cultured in tryptic soy broth medium at 27degrees C for five days. The inhibitor was purified using a series of purification steps involving ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-25 gel permeation chromatography, strong cation exchange solid phase extraction, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography. The final yield of the purification was 1.9%. Results of the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis indicated that the purified alpha-glucosidase inhibitor was a tri-peptide, Pro-Phe-Pro, with the molecular weight of 360.1 Da. The IC50 value of the peptide against alpha-glucosidase activity was 3.1 mg/mL. Using Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis, the inhibition pattern indicated that the inhibitor acts as a mixed type inhibitor.
alpha-Glucosidases* ; Aspergillus oryzae* ; Aspergillus* ; Caseins ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dextrans ; Fungi ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Hydrolysates ; Solid Phase Extraction ; Ultrafiltration

We investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on growth performance and humoral immune response of the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.). One thousand and two hundred large yellow croakers [initial average weight: (162.75+/-23.85) g] were divided into four groups and reared in floating sea cages (3 m x 3 m x 3 m). The animals were fed with 4 diets: basal diet only (control) or diets supplemented with 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w) FPH. The results show that dietary FPH levels significantly influenced the growth and immunity of the large yellow croaker. Compared with the control group, total weight gain (TWG) in all treatment groups, relative weight gain (RWG) and specific growth rate (SGR) in fish fed with diets supplemented with 10% and 15% FPH were significantly increased (P<0.05). Similar results were observed in immune parameters [lysozyme activity, serum complements, immunoglobulin M (IgM)]. Lysozyme activity, complement C4 and IgM were also significantly increased (P<0.05) in fish fed with diets supplemented with 10% and 15% FPH, while complement C3 level was significantly increased (P<0.05) in all treatment groups. In general, with the supplementation of FPH, particularly at dose of 10%, the growth performance and immunity of the large yellow croaker can be improved effectively.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; drug effects ; immunology ; Dietary Supplements ; Fish Products ; Gadiformes ; metabolism ; Perciformes ; growth & development ; immunology ; Protein Hydrolysates ; administration & dosage