AIMThis paper deals with the treatment of an atrophied toothless mandible with a fixing bridge carried by two nonstandard implant systems.

METHODOLOGYFour bicortical screws were implanted into the frontal part of the mandible and one implant on each side was placed into the distal area of the mandible as a support for a fixing bridge.

RESULTSDuring the years 2002 - 2007 the authors placed a total of 256 bicortical screw and 84 blade implants. During this period only four bicortical screws and one blade implant failed. The primary and secondary surgical success rate was therefore above 98%, while the prosthetic success rate was 100%. (Bridges which had to be re-fabricated due to implant failure were not taken into account.)

CONCLUSIONThis approach is recommended as a highly successful and affordable option for a wide range of patients.

Blade Implantation ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; instrumentation ; methods ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw, Edentulous ; rehabilitation ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Middle Aged

Immediate-implant-immediate-loading restoration exhibits many advantages, such as recovery appearance, early function, short implant period, reduced operation frequency and trauma, and less pain, among others. This report introduced a case of immediate-implant-immediate-loading restoration failure because of implant neck split.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Humans

Thirty-six implants were placed into 2 patients with fully edentulous jaws. Provisional prosthesis were placed into 34 of 36 implants which implant stability quotient (ISQ) was larger than 60 at the time of fixture placement. After 3 months, osseointegration of implants completed and permanence reparations were made. None implant lost among 18 months to 26 months since the immediate restoration was loaded. The average accumulate bone loss was 0.41 mm.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Humans ; Jaw, Edentulous ; Male ; Osseointegration

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; methods ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; methods ; Humans ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

Vertical bone insufficiency in the maxillary posterior teeth is a common clinical situation. At present, the bone insufficiency in the maxillary posterior teeth is mainly overcome by bone grafting through maxillary sinus floor elevation. Compared with traditional axial implantation, tilted implantation can better avoid bone grafting, reduce complications, shorten the treatment cycle, reduce the treatment cost for patients, and gradually be promoted in clinical settings. This article reviews the concept, biomechanics, clinical evaluation, and digital trend of tilted implants of maxillary posterior teeth.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; Sinus Floor Augmentation

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effective of immediate restoration with Osstem MS mini-implant in the edentulous space of 5-6 mm.

METHODSThe sample consisted of 36 consecutively treated partially edentulous patients who had a total of 36 Osstem MS mini-implants, which were 2.5 mm or 3.0 mm in diameter and placed in 5-6 mm gap. The chair-side-made or laboratory-made provisional crowns for implants were fabricated at the time of fixtures placed. The final restorations were fabricated with gold alloy-fused-porcelain crown 3 to 5 months later. During the mean 21.3 months (12-37 months) follow-up time since fixtures placement, all implants were examined clinically and radiologically.

RESULTSNo implant failed before restoration. One implant led an adjacent tooth pulp necrosis after the implantation, but the natural tooth and implant were successfully retained by root canal therapy. 36 implants in 36 patients who were followed-up were successful and their aesthetic results were satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONImmediate loaded implant with Osstem MS mini-implant has good clinical prosthetic effects in the edentulous space of 5-6 mm.

Dental Abutments ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Humans ; Jaw, Edentulous

OBJECTIVETo determine ITI implants stability in different bone types using RFA and to provide evidence for feasibility of early loading.

METHODSA total of 104 ITI sand-blasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) implants in 50 patients were classified into 3 groups according to bone type. Resonance frequency analysis was conducted at 0, 1, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after installation.

RESULTSThe survival rate was 100%. Primary stability was affected by bone type (P < 0.001). The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was significantly higher in type I bone than in type IV bone. At 12 weeks, there was no significant difference among the 3 groups. Comparison of ISQ was made between 6 th week and 12 th week for all bone types, there was no significant difference for type I and III (P > 0.05) while there was for type IV (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSEarly loading with ITI SLA implants placed in type I, III bone were highly predictable.

Bone Density ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis Retention ; Humans

When design an implant restoration for edentulous patients, many doctors ignore the sufficiency of the interarch distance (vertical distance) or horizontal distance of the patient to accommodate the superstructure and restoration before designing the implant plan. However, the connotation of measuring the interarch distance or horizontal distance has not been clarified in clinical practice. It is often based on visual estimation after operation, and the decision-making path of implant restoration is inverted, resulting in many mistakes regarding the restoration after implantation. The main reason is the lack of standardized paths and practical methods to use before surgery. This article recommended initially establishing a maxillo-mandibular relationship based on natural teeth, old dentures, or new ones and then using the height and horizontal distance or angle of the target restorative space, which was easier to grasp as the measured index. The minimum vertical distance (including the height of the gingival surface and the bone surface) and the horizontal distance (or the angle from the bone or gingival surface to the proposed occlusal plane) should be measured before operation. A decision tree of edentulous jaw restoration guided by the values of the repair space was established based on the measured values. This article clarified the measuring points and planes and thus provided a quantitative relationship basis for the design of implant restoration.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Humans ; Jaw, Edentulous ; Mandible ; Mouth, Edentulous

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the rough surface of dental implants prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) on early bone healing around titanium implants. METHODS: A total of sixteen titanium implants were involved in our research, of which eight implants were prepared by SLM (TIXOS Cylindrical, Leader-Novaxa, Milan, Italy; 3.3 mm×10 mm, internal hex) and the other eight were sandblasted, large-grit and acid-etched (SLA) implants (IMPLUS Cylindrical, Leader-Novaxa, Milan, Italy; 3.3 mm×10 mm, internal hex). All of the dental implants were inserted into the healed extraction sockets of the mandible of two adult male Beagle dogs. Half of the dental implants were designed to be healed beneath the mucosa and the other half were intended to be healed transgingivally and were immediately loaded by acrylic resin bridge restoration. Three types of tetracycline fluorescent labels, namely calcein blue, alizarin complexone and calcein, were administered into the veins of the Beagle dogs 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implant placement respectively for fluorescent evaluation of newly formed bone peri-implant. Both Beagle dogs were euthanized 12 weeks after implant insertion and the mandible block specimens containing the titanium implants and surrounding bone and soft tissue of each dog were carefully sectioned and dissected. A total of 16 hard tissue slices were obtained and stained with toluidine blue for microscopic examination and histomorphometric measurements. Histological observation was made for each slice under light microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Comparison on new bone formation around titanium implants of each group was made and mineral apposition rate (MAR) was calculated for each group. RESULTS: Dental implants prepared by selective laser melting had achieved satisfying osseointegration to surrounding bone tissue after the healing period of 12 weeks. Newly formed bone tissue was observed creeping on the highly porous surface of the SLM implant and growing into the pores of surface structure. Higher MAR values were shown for SLM implants compared with SLA implants (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Dental implants prepared by selective laser melting could promote early bone healing and improve mineral apposition rate.
Animals ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dogs ; Male ; Mandible ; Osseointegration ; Surface Properties ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo compare the stress distribution of the staggered and straight placement of implants in the mandibular posterior region.

METHODSUsing three-dimensional finite element approach to analyze the stress distribution and variance regularity under the localized load.

RESULTSUnder vertical load, the stress peak value reduced when wide implant was placed straight (min: 3.70 MPa), but slightly increased when normal implant was placed staggered (max: 8.32 MPa); under the inclined load from buccal to lingual direction, the stress peak value reduced when the wide implant was placed in straight line (min: 12.29 MPa) or normal implant was placed staggered with buccal offset configuration (min: 15.48 MPa), but increased with lingual offset configuration (max: 23.60 MPa).

CONCLUSIONSWide implant (> or = 4 mm) with straight placement should be adopted to reduce the stress peak value and improve stress distribution, when the buccolingual diameter of the alveolar ridge in the mandibular posterior region was wide.

Adult ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; methods ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Mandible