No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

PSA is a protein with antigen properties, generated by epicyte of prostate gland, excretes into microtube and then comes mostly into sperma, litter into serum and lymphatic fluid with unclear mechanism. PSA in these are determined by chemicoimmune. The average human serum PSA is 2.5 ng/ml. PSA is specific antigen with cells of prostate-gland and the application of PSA test in diagnostics and monitoring is significant in clinical. Especially, the level of PSA help to early diagnose the prostatic cancer and distinguished diagnose between prostatomegaly and prostatic cancer.
Prostatic Neoplasms ; Antigens ; diagnosis

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Ultrasonography*

Primary neoplasms arising in vesical diverticula are rare and present special problems in diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of primary carcinoma arising in vesical diverticula with associated benign prostatic hypertrophy.
Diagnosis ; Diverticulum* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

More and more clinical evidence has confirmed the limitations of the use of serum PSA in the screening, detection and treatment of prostate cancer, and scientists are continuously seeking for new biomarkers of the disease. The discovery of early prostate cancer antigen 2 (EPCA-2) has provided a new base for the screening, detection, treatment and follow-up of prostate cancer.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Aged ; Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis

PURPOSE: To summarize current urologic measures in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Current urologic literatures were evaluated. RESULTS: Prostate-specific antigen(PSA) is now a routine part of the investigation of men with suspected prostate cancer. While a very useful test, it still has its problems, in particular its lack of specificity. Since PSA may overlap in men with and without prostate cancer, other derivatives of PSA were developed to enhance the ability for detecting early stage prostate cancer. To date, for the initial biopsy, the optimal number of biopsy core for detecting prostate cancer remains controversial. Furthermore, it is also unclear who should undergo a repeat biopsy and when to stop biopsying. CONCLUSIONS: This review describes the current problems with PSA testing in prostate cancer diagnosis and highlights potential ways in which these may be reduced. In addition, although there is no universally accepted technique of prostate biopsy, the current literature supports use of more extensive biopsy techniques to increase the likelihood of prostate cancer detection.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

To define the practical value of prostatic needle biopsy in patients with suspicious prostatic carcinoma we studied the analysis of the clinical records of 49 patients underwent the prostatic needle biopsy at Severance Hospital during the 5 year period from 1976 through 1980. Forty-nine patients had been biopsied; carcinoma was found in 3 of 15 patients (20 per cent) not having prostatic induration, 6 of 17 (35 per cent) with minimal or equivocal induration and 12 of 17 (71 per cent) with marked induration. The results suggest that the vast majority of the patients with prostatic carcinoma has some degree of palpable induration and that a high index of suspicion appears warranted and needle biopsyshould be performed when any prostatic induration is present on digital rectal examination.
Biopsy, Needle* ; Diagnosis* ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Humans ; Needles* ; Prostatic Neoplasms

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, researchers have applied it to the diagnosis of various tumors in the urinary system in recent years, and have obtained many valuable research results. The article sorted the research status of artificial intelligence technology in the fields of renal tumors, bladder tumors and prostate tumors from three aspects: the number of papers, image data, and clinical tasks. The purpose is to summarize and analyze the research status and find new valuable research ideas in the future. The results show that the artificial intelligence model based on medical data such as digital imaging and pathological images is effective in completing basic diagnosis of urinary system tumors, image segmentation of tumor infiltration areas or specific organs, gene mutation prediction and prognostic effect prediction, but most of the models for the requirement of clinical application still need to be improved. On the one hand, it is necessary to further improve the detection, classification, segmentation and other performance of the core algorithm. On the other hand, it is necessary to integrate more standardized medical databases to effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence models and make it play greater clinical value.
Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Technology

DNA methylation is a common event in malignancies and implicated in tumor initiation and progression. There is a battery of genes involved in critical cell processes such as DNA damage repair, which are hypermethylated in prostate cancer. DNA methylation has also been found in premalignant lesions such as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, but to a less extent compared with that in prostate cancer. Intensive study on DNA methylation would provide a new opportunity for the early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics