No abstract available.
Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen*

No abstract available.
Prostate-Specific Antigen

No abstract available.
Immunoassay ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen*

PURPOSE: It is important to know for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) affecting the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value how long one should wait before being able to ~ obtain an accurate and meaningful serum PSA level. We evaluated the change of serum PSA concentration in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy(BPH) before and after TURP in association with time course and resected prostatic weight. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The effect of TURP was examined in 27 patients with BPH (mean age: 64 years; range: 55-79 years). The serum PSA levels were measured serially (before and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90 days after TURP) by Abott IMX assay. RESULTS: The level of serum PSA appeared to be consistent with prostatic volume by transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS) and was elevated by about 0.16 ng/mL for each gram of hyperplastic tissue present (p=0.375, p=0.058). TURP caused an immediate elevation in the serum PSA concentration, with a median increase of 19 ng/mL (p=0.0001). The larger resected group showed a dramatic and statistically significant PSA rise immediately after TURP than the smaller resected group (p=0.023). From the 15 post-operative day, the PSA concentrations continued slightly lower than that of pre-operative day (p=0.0001), and was still decreased on 30 days (p=0.0001). The median time to return to a baseline level of PSA was 30 days (range: 1460 days) after TURP. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that TURP caused an immediate increase in the serum PSA level, which generally return to stable, baseline level within 30 days. However, because in some patients the serum PSA still remained elevated than upper normal limit after 30 days, it is recommended that a serum PSA determination should be obtained for at least 60 days after TURP.
Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate*

PURPOSE: It is important to know for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) affecting the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value how long one should wait before being able to ~ obtain an accurate and meaningful serum PSA level. We evaluated the change of serum PSA concentration in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy(BPH) before and after TURP in association with time course and resected prostatic weight. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The effect of TURP was examined in 27 patients with BPH (mean age: 64 years; range: 55-79 years). The serum PSA levels were measured serially (before and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90 days after TURP) by Abott IMX assay. RESULTS: The level of serum PSA appeared to be consistent with prostatic volume by transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS) and was elevated by about 0.16 ng/mL for each gram of hyperplastic tissue present (p=0.375, p=0.058). TURP caused an immediate elevation in the serum PSA concentration, with a median increase of 19 ng/mL (p=0.0001). The larger resected group showed a dramatic and statistically significant PSA rise immediately after TURP than the smaller resected group (p=0.023). From the 15 post-operative day, the PSA concentrations continued slightly lower than that of pre-operative day (p=0.0001), and was still decreased on 30 days (p=0.0001). The median time to return to a baseline level of PSA was 30 days (range: 1460 days) after TURP. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that TURP caused an immediate increase in the serum PSA level, which generally return to stable, baseline level within 30 days. However, because in some patients the serum PSA still remained elevated than upper normal limit after 30 days, it is recommended that a serum PSA determination should be obtained for at least 60 days after TURP.
Humans ; Hypertrophy* ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate*

Purpose: We evaluated the improvement in the rate of prostate cancer detection with the use of an extensive 12-site biopsy protocol in patients with only an elevated level of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Materials and Methods: A total of 109 men with elevated PSA levels between 3 and 20ng/ml, but with no abnormal finding on digital rectal and transrectal ultrasound examinations, received transrectal ultrasound- guided prostate biopsies, which were performed at 12 sites, including the routine sextant and 6 far lateral regions (lateral apex, mid-lobe and base). The improvement in the detection rate was assessed according to the PSA level and prostate volume. Results: The mean age and PSA level of the patients were 63.5 8.6 years and 7.0 3.7ng/ml, respectively. Twenty-eight (25.7%) out of 109 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. A traditional sextant biopsy detected 19 (67.9%) of the 28 prostate cancer patients, while 9 (32.1%) cancers were detected in the lateral region only. Overall, this extensive protocol resulted in a significant improvement, 8.3% (17.4 to 25.7%), in the detection rate (p=0.032). The improvement in men with a PSA of 10 ng/ml or less was 8.1% (14.0% to 22.1%, p=0.007) and in those with a PSA greater than 10 ng/ml the improvement was 8.7% (30.4% to 39.1%, p=0.162). The improvement in men with a prostate volume of 50cc or less was 8.0% (22.3% to 30.3%, p=0.083) and in those with a prostate volume greater than 50cc this was 9.1% (6.1% to 15.2%, p=0.043). Conclusions: The twelve-site biopsy protocol is a more efficient method in men with a PSA and prostate volume of 10ng/ml or less and greater than 50cc, respectively, compared to the sextant protocol.
Biopsy* ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: We retrospectively investigated the changes of prostate cancer detection rate according to patients prostate volume, age with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of above 4.0ng/ml. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were collected from 663 patients who underwent 10 core prostate biopsy for elevated PSA above 4.0ng/ml. The biopsy-proven cancer patient group was compared to the non-cancer patient group according to age, PSA, prostate volume and PSAD. Prostate cancer detection rate was calculated according to prostate volume (less than 40 vs 40 or more 40ml) and age (less than 60, 60-69, 70-79, 80 or more years old). Also we compared prostate cancer detection rate according to PSA levels (4-10 vs 10-20ng/ml). RESULTS: Among the 663 patients who underwent prostate biopsy, prostate cancer was detected in 134 patients (20.2%). There were no stastically difference in mean age, mean prostate volume, and mean PSAD except mean PSA (13.9 vs 11.9ng/ml) between cancer and non-cancer groups. The cancer detection rate in small prostate was significantly higher than large prostate (23.5% vs 16.0%). The cancer detection rate was significantly increased with age: from 14.5% for below 60 year-old patients to 30.3% for the 80 or more year-old patients. There was no significant difference in cancer detection rate between the two PSA groups (19.0 vs 20.5%). CONCLUSION: Prostate cancer detection rate was higher in old patients and patients with small prostate volume. The older age group and the patients with small prostate volume was considered as the important factors to decide whether biopsy of prostate is needed.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies

Prostate specific antigen(PSA) is an extremely valuable tumor marker. However, its use in detection of prostate cancer is limited by low sensitivity and specificity. To enhance the accuracy of serum PSA we used the quotient of serum PSA and prostate volume, which is referred to as prostate specific antigen density(PSAD). Prostate volume in this study was calculated from transrectal ultrasonographic determinations using the formula, length x width x depth x 0.52 = volume. The serum PSA was analyzed using the Hybritech assay. Prostate biopsy was performed transperineally from at least six sites. The cancer detection rate was 3.3%(three out of 91 patients) in the group with PSA value of less than 4.0ng/ml and 11.3%(eight out of 71 patients) in the group with PSA value of 4.1 to 10. 0ng/ml. In the latter group, mean PSA value for the positive(n=8) and negative(n=63) biopsy group was 7.10+/-1.22 and 6.61+/-1.79ng/ml each(p=0.4630), but mean PSAD value was 0.275+/-0.089 and 0.187+/-0.078 each(p=0.0045). In the group of 38 patients with PSA value of 10.1 to 20.0ng/m1, the cancer detection rate was 15.8%(six patients) and the mean PSA value for the positive(n=6) and negative(n=32) biopsy group was 15.5+/-3.09 and 13.4+/-2.78ng/ml each(p=0. 1038), but the mean PSAD value was 0.535+/-0.082 and 0.334+/-0.182 each(p=0.0128). These results suggest that PSAD be useful in distinguishing BPH and prostate cancer in the patients with intermediate PSA values(4.1ng/ml to 20.0ng/ml).
Biopsy ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Sensitivity and Specificity