OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of stromal cells on the Kallikrein 7 (KLK7) expression of epithelial cells in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe constructed a stromal-epithelial co-culture model after separating the two types of cells from BPH tissues and identifying them by cell morphology and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). The expression of KLK7 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in the epithelial cells with or without the stromal cells, and that of the KLK7 protein (hK7) determined by Western blot.

RESULTSStromal and epithelial cells were successfully separated and identified, and a stromal-epithelial co-culture model successfully established. RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of the KLK7 gene was higher in the epithelial cells co-cultured with stromal cells than in the epithelial cells alone, and the gray value of KLK7 to GAPDH was 1.41 +/- 0.041 in the former and 1.78 +/- 0.10 in the latter (P < 0.01). The results of Western blot were consistent with those of RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONStromal cells can suppress the expression of the KLK7 gene in the epithelial cells in BPH. KLK7 may be involved in the change of epithelial cells stimulated by stromal cells.

Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Kallikreins ; metabolism ; Male ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation of histologically proven prostatitis with the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, PSA density (PSAD), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum flow rate (Qmax) and post-void residual volume (PVR) in men with symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSTotally 673 patients surgically treated for BPH were divided into Groups A and B in accordance with histological findings, the former including those with histological prostatitis, and the latter without it. Comparisons were made between the two groups in the PSA level, prostate volume, PSAD, IPSS, Qmax and PVR.

RESULTSThe PSA level, prostate volume, IPSS and PVR were significantly higher in Group A ([5.64 +/- 2.48] microg/L, [43.66 +/- 13.11] ml, 24.72 +/- 5.39 and [124.90 +/- 49.80] ml) than in B ([4.97 +/- 1.99] microg/L, [40.41 +/- 11.44] ml, 23.40 +/- 6.21 and [112.73 +/- 50.03] ml) (P<0.05), while Qmax markedly lower in the former ([6.94 +/- 3.23] ml/s) than in the latter ([7.75 +/- 3.52] ml/s) (P<0.05), but PSAD showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (0.129 +/- 0.048 vs 0.123 +/- 0.034, P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONHistological prostatitis can significantly increase the PSA level, prostate volume, IPSS and PVR, and reduce the Qmax of the patient, but is not correlated with PSAD. It is an important factor influencing the clinical progression of BPH.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; urine ; Prostatitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; urine

Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Male ; Neuraminidase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression with Gleason score of prostate carcinoma.

METHODSMonoclonal antibodies against epitopes of PSMA extracellular domain were prepared, with which the expression of PSMA of prostate carcinoma (PC) was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Correlation of its expression with Gleason score of PC was statistically analyzed, and compared with that of PSA.

RESULTSEight hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies specific for PSMA were prepared. PSMA expression level was positively correlated with Gleason score. In poorly differentiated prostate carcinoma, the expression intensity of PSMA was higher than that of medium-and well-differentiated prostate carcinoma (P < 0.01). However, there was no correlation between level of PSA expression and Gleason score (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPSMA expression level may be used as a useful surrogate marker in Gleason grading of prostate carcinoma. It may be a more suitable target than PSA in antibody mediated immunotherapy against poorly differentiated prostate carcinoma which is usually not sensitive to hormonal therapy.

Antigens, Surface ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Considering that antibiotic treatment may elevated the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and hence limit the specificity of PSA test for prostate cancer, urologists use empiric antibiotic treatment for men with increased PSA levels. But it is controversial whether antibiotic treatment can exclude inflammation in the differential diagnosis of PSA elevation. Some researchers have found that antibiotic treatment can decrease inflammation-induced PSA elevation and help to reduce unnecessary biopsies, while others have reported that antibiotic treatment has no significant effect on the PSA level, and the lowered level of PSA following antibiotic treatment does not mean the decreased risk of prostate cancer. Further researches are needed to confirm the value of antibiotic treatment before biopsy.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Prostatitis ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the expression differences of LLGL2 between prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma, and its potential clinical significance. Methods: Eighteen patients diagnosed of PDA or prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma with PDA component by histopathology during January 2015 and December 2019 in the Beijing Hospital, China were retrospectively studied. The transcriptome analysis was conducted using the tissue of PDA and prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Differentially expressed genes and the differences in expression profiles were identified. Further, differentially expressed proteins were verified by immunohistochemistry. Results: The tissue from 8 of the 18 patients were used for transcriptome analysis, the results of which were compared with data from public databases. 129 differentially expressed genes were identified. 45 of them were upregulated while 84 were downregulated. The results of gene enrichment analysis and gene oncology (GO) analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mostly enriched in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and interleukin-17 related pathways. GPAT2, LLGL2, MAMDC4, PCSK9 and SMIM6 were differentially expressed between PDA and prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Moreover, LLGL2 was more likely expressed in the cytoplasm (P=0.04) than the nucleus (P<0.01) in PDA, compared with prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: The gene expression profiling indicates that PDA are very similar to prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Among the differentially expressed proteins screened and verified in this study, the expression of GPAT2, LLGL2, MAMDC4 and PCSK9 is increased in PDA, while that of SMIM6 is reduced in PDA. The expression of LLGL2 shows significantly different patterns between PDA and prostatic acinar carcinoma, and thus may help differentiate PDA from prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma in clinical practice.
Male ; Humans ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell/pathology* ; Proprotein Convertase 9 ; Prostate/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism*

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Atrophy ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Xanthomatosis ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the expressions of SIgA and alpha l-AR in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by chronic prostatitis (CP) and their implications.

METHODSAccording to the preoperative findings of expressed prostatic secretion (EPS), transrectal prostate ultrasonography, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), clinical symptoms, chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) and postoperative histopathology, 62 cases of BPH pathologically confirmed after transurethral plasma kinetic resection of the prostate (PKRP) were divided into a BPH group (n = 32) and a BPH + CP group (n = 30). The expressions of SIgA and alpha 1-AR in the prostate tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry and PT-PCR.

RESULTSOf the 62 cases, 30 were found to be BPH + CP, and the other 32 to be BPH. The expressions of SIgA and alpha1-AR were significantly higher in the BPH + CP than in the BPH group (0.380 8 +/- 0.144 3 vs 0.295 4 +/- 0.008 4 and 0.440 5 +/- 0.104 1 vs 0.383 2 +/- 0.013 6, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expressions of SIgA and alpha1-AR expression in BPH complicated by CP suggest a certain association between CP and BPH, and that inflammation may be a pathogenic factor of BPH and correlate with its pathological development.

Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Androgen ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of E-cadherin (E-cd) and alpha-catenin (alpha-cat) proteins in benign and malignant prostate tumors, and determine whether they could be used as molecular markers for the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSWe detected the expressions of E-cd and alpha-cat in the prostatic tissues from 45 cases of PCa and 10 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by immunohistochemical Elivision staining, and analyzed the relationships of E-cd and alpha-cat expressions with the PCa stage, PCa grade, preoperative PSA, results of endocrine therapy and prognosis.

RESULTSThe E-cd protein was abnormally expressed in 86.7% of the PCa and 10.0% of the PSA patients, and the E-cd expression was significantly lower in the former than in the latter (P < 0.05). The abnormal expressions of E-cd in the PCa patients with metastasis, non-metastasis, Gleason score < or = 7 and > 7 were 85.0, 87.5, 100.0 and 86.7%, respectively, with no significant between-group differences (P > 0.05), those in the PCa patients with PSA < or = 10 and > 10 microg/L were 40.0 and 97.1%, respectively, significantly higher in the former than in the latter (P < 0.05), and those in the PCa patients with and without response to endocrine therapy were 93.8 and 72.7%, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). The alpha-cat protein was abnormally expressed in 93.3% of the PCa and 30.0% of the BPH patients, respectively, and the alpha-cat expression was significantly lower in the former than in the latter (P < 0.05). The abnormal alpha-cat expressions in the PCa patients with metastasis, non-metastasis, Gleason score > 7 and < or = 7 were 90.0, 100.0, 90.0 and 100.0%, respectively, with no significant between-group differences (P > 0.05), those in the PCa patients with PSA < or = 10 and > 10 microg/L were 40.0 and 94.3%, respectively, significantly higher in the former than in the latter (P < 0.05), and those in the PCa patients with and without response to endocrine therapy were 100.0 and 81.8%, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expressions of E-cd and alpha-cat are significantly lower in PCa than in BPH, and they are not associated with cancerous metastasis, but negatively correlated with the PSA level in PCa patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; alpha Catenin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and significance of Clusterin in normal prostate, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer.

METHODSClusterin expression in samples of 12 normal prostate, 15 BPH, and 56 prostate cancer were studied by immunohistochemical stain.

RESULTSOf 83 cases, 67 are positive or weak positive (81%). The rate of positive or weak positive for normal prostate, BPH and prostate cancer was 17% (2/12), 73% (11/15), and 96% (54/56) respectively. The expression level of Clusterin in prostate cancer was much higher than in normal prostate (t = 8.82, P < 0.01). BPH (t = 7.63, P < 0.01) was related positively with pathological grade (r = 0.649, P < 0.01) and stage (r = 0.609, P < 0.01) of prostate cancer.

CONCLUSIONClusterin may play an important role in the biological characteristics of prostate cancer by the anti-apoptosis pathway.

Apoptosis ; Clusterin ; metabolism ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology