Nonlinear dynamics has been used to analyse Electroencephalograph (EEG) time series,in recent years,which has opened new possibilities to the dynamic knowledge of the brain. In this paper, we review researches on the treatment of EEG (sleep stage, anesthesia, process of cognition, schizophrenia, dementia and epilepsy) using nonlinear dynamics methods, and try to better understand brain neurodynamics.

The equilibrium configuration of fluid-phase phospholipid vesicles in aqueous solutions are controlled by bending elasticity. We exploited a method for calculating explicitly the stability of arbitrary symmetric shapes. The morphology of lipid vesicles with topological genus g=2, i.e. with two holes or two handles, is studied. We provided some stable shapes with results explicitly.

EEG characteristics in frequency domain were investigated in the frontal lobe, occipital lobe and hippocampus, i.e. cognition - related cortex of synaptic dysfunction model rat, providing electrophysiological basis for further study on plastic extent and nerve regeneration of the damaged neurons. Synaptic dysfunction model was made via microinjecting β - amyloid protein1 - 40 (Aβ1 - 40) into hippocampal CA1 area of rat. Morris water maze behavioral test was performed to evaluate the learning and memory function of model group. Then EEG in the above areas for two groups were recorded. The spectrum for two groups was performed and the characteristics in frequency domain were analyzed. The results showed: (1) The average escape latency in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th training times of model group are higher than those of normal. The average escape latency of normal group in 5th training time decreased more markedly than that in 2nd training time, while that of model group in 7th training time decreased more remarkably than that in 2nd training time (P ＜0.05). Without platform, the platform quadrant time percentage of model group was lower than the control (P ＜0.05). (2) Alpha rhythm in EEG of model rat was slowing down; alpha- band power decreased with peek frequency left shifted nearly 2Hz. And the power of delta - band and theta - band in frontal lobe, occipital and hippocampus all increased with different extent. The synaptic dysfunction model rats were made successfully by microinjecting Aβ1 - 40 method. The model rats show the decreased learning and memory dysfunction. EEG frequency spectrum features in model rat show slower alpha rhythm with power amplitude lower or loss, slow waves (delta and theta wave) increasing with higher power amplitude. These can be consistent with the EEG of Alzheimer's disease patients, which can provide electrophysiological basis for further plasticity and nerve regeneration study on the impaired cortex with synaptic dysfunction.

In this paper, we designed to investigate the frequencies of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) polymorphisms at nt587 and nt694 in south Chinese SLE patients and healthy individuals and explore whether genetic variants in TNFR2 gene is involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. The results showed that the nt587G allele frequency was 21.1% in the 128 SLE patients and the allele frequency was 13.0% in the 135 healthy individuals, the former was significantly higher than the latter in the allele frequency (P ＜ 0.05). People with the nt587 G variant showed high risk to SLE. The frequency of nt694 was slightly but not statistically significantly increased in SLE patients compared with healthy controls(16.0% versus 11.9%, P= 0.149). These results indicate that the polymorphism at nt587 of TNFR2 is associated with the south Chinese SLE patients. The polymorphism at nt694 is not associated with SLE.

Embryo technology, including super-ovulation, embryo transfer and embryo nucleus transfer, was a well-developed technology in 20th century. It has been widely used in animal science and veterinary and boomed livestock industry in China. Chinese livestock producer could gain high grade breeds in short time through embryo technology by the reason that embryo technology could make outstanding gene spread out in herd. With the help of embryo technology, rare animals could have a chance to extend their progeny in fast changing world. In this article, we briefly introduced the process of embryo transfer and application of embryo technology in China.

The culture of Magnetospirillum magneticum WM-1 depends on several control factors that have great effect on the magnetic cells concentration. Investigation into the optimal culture conditions needs a large number of experiments. So it is desirable to minimize the number of experiments and maximize the information gained from them. The orthogonal design of experiments and mathematical statistical method are considered as effective methods to optimize the culture condition of magnetotactic bacteria WM-1 for high magnetic cells concentration. The effects of the four factors, such as pH value of medium, oxygen concentration of gas phase in the serum bottle, C:C (mtartaric acid: msuccinic acid) ratio and NaNO3 concentration, are simultaneously investigated by only sixteen experiments through the orthogonal design L16(44) method. The optimal culture condition is obtained. At the optimal culture condition (pH 7.0, a oxygen concentration 4.0%, C: C (mtartaric acid: msuccinic acid) ratio 1:2 and NaNO3 100 mg l-1), the magnetic cells concentration is promoted to 6.5×107 cells ml-1, approximately 8.3% higher than that under the initial conditions. The pH value of medium is very important factor for magnetic cells concentration. It can be proved that the orthogonal design of experiment is of 90% confidence. The results from the hysteresis of WM-1 shows that Hc = 230 Oe, Ms = 0.9 emu/g dry wt. Cells,and Mr / Ms = 0.50.

Background mental imagery is a multi-componential process involving different mental operations. Objective The present study investigated the subsystems of visual mental imagery processing and their interactions. Methods: Four experimental tasks were done: (1) object, the ability to generate global mental images; (2) resolution, the ability to generate vivid,high-resolution mental images; (3) transformation,the ability to mentally rotate patterns in images, and (4) spatial imagery,spatial cognition. 91 university students (77 males, 14 females) participated in this study. Results: Object task was highly correlated with resolution task, and the same the tendency was found between transformation task and spatial task. Conclusion: The results indicate there are different subsystems of visual mental imagery and corresponding operative strategies, but with strong correlation among these processes and abilities.

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of Golden bifid combined with smecta for the patients with hepatogenous diarrhea (HD). Methods: 66 patients with HD were randomly divided into treatment group (n=33) and control group (n=33).On the basis of protecting the liver and the complex treatment, the treatment group was given Golden bifid (2.0g,three times a day) combined with smecta (3.0g,three times a day), and the control group was given levofloxacin (0.2g, twice a stools. the total efficiency (remarkable effect and effective) of two groups was calculated. Results: The total effective rate of treatment group was 90.9%, while that of the control group was 48.5%. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (x2=14.19,P＜0.01). Conclusion: The clinical therapeutic effect of Golden bifid combined with smecta for the patients with hepatogenous diarrhea is remarkable,which is worth spreading in the clinical application.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common sources of variation between humans. As a kind of new genetic marker, SNPs are used extensively in gene location, clone and genetic polymorphisms. Specially, as diagnostic markers, the genetic SNPs play an important role in preventive medicine. In recent years, with the development of human genome project, millions of SNPs are reported and freely available in public databases. The rapid increase of SNP number and the development of detection methods for SNPs provide probability for the analysis of cancer susceptibility. In this review, we described main methods for high-throughput SNP analysis technologies. We summarized the application of SNPs analysis by large-scale analytic technologies in cancer susceptibility, the current understanding of SNP analysis in the different populations, tumor susceptibility genes and individual cancer susceptibility, as well as the obstacles in discovering the relationship between SNP analysis and cancer susceptibility underlying complex human traits.

Objective: To determine biological effect ratio (BER) on anti-herpes simplex virus-Ⅰ (HSV-Ⅰ)of Liyan Dan (LYD) complex pharmaceutics and its active components alignment (ACA), and to discuss the new identification method of Chinese patent medicine expressed by standard BER. Methods: Protective effect to cells infected by HSV-Ⅰ was evaluated by a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The ACA was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. By the protective percent (PP) to cells infected by HSV-Ⅰ of LYD and its ACA the BER was calculated. BERS= PPS / PPACA (protective percent to cells infected by HSV-Ⅰ of sample/protective percent to cells infected by HSV-Ⅰ of ACA; the concentration of sample was 2-x mg/mL). Results: LYD can inhibit cytopathogenic effect (CPE) and its BER was 1.16. Conclusion: BER and ACA of Chinese patent medicine can reflect connotation of Chinese patent medicine quality. This index described intrinsic quality of curative effect on Chinese materia medica.The new concepts of BER and ACA were pulled into the study. This research offered a new train of thought and method to study Chinese patent medicine quality as follows. Firstly, establish standard biological effect of ACA as a standard of effect; secondly,measure the biological effect of sample by the method of measuring effective standard of ACA; thirdly, calculate BER according to the formula (BERS=PPS/PPACA). Standard of BER on quality evaluation is as follows. If 1 ≥ BERS ≥ 0.9, the sample is eligible; if BERS＞1, the sample is of high quality; if BERS＜0.9, the sample is disqualification. This quality evaluation method is much more scientific than the method that evaluate quality only by one or two components contents.