OBJECTIVEReal-time monitoring for temperature is required in cold chain for the medical products that are sensible with temperature, such as blood and bacterin, to guarantee the quality and reduce their wastage.

METHODSThis wireless monitoring system in cold chain is developed with Zigbee technology.

RESULTSFunctions such as real-time monitoring, analyzing, alarming are realized.

CONCLUSIONThe system boasts such characteristics as low power consumption, low cost, big capacity and high reliability, and could improve the capability of real-time monitoring and management in cold chain effectively.

Blood Preservation ; instrumentation ; Computer Communication Networks ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Preservation, Biological ; instrumentation ; Refrigeration ; instrumentation ; Telemetry ; instrumentation ; methods ; Vaccines

The key points for better protection of trehalose in freeze-drying red blood cells (RBCs) are to resolve non-osmosis of trehalose to red blood cells and to make cytoplasmic trehalose to reach effective concentration. This study was aimed to investigate the regularity of loading RBCs with trehalose, screen out optimal loading condition and evaluate the effect of trehalose on physico-chemical parameters of RBCs during the period of loading. The cytoplasmic trehalose concentration in red blood cells, free hemoglobin and ATP level were determined at different incubation temperatures (4, 22 and 37 degrees C), different trehaolse concentrations (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mmol/L) and different incubation times (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours), the cytoplasmic trehalose, free hemoglobin (FHb), hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in fresh RBCs and RBCs stored for 72 hours at 4 degrees C were compared, when loading condition was ensured. The results showed that with increase of incubation temperature, time and extracellular trehalose concentration, the loading of trehalose in RBCs also increased. Under the optimal loading condition, cytoplasmic trehalose concentration and free hemoglobin level of fresh RBCs and RBCs stored for 72 hours at 4 degrees C were 65.505 +/- 6.314 mmol/L, 66.2 +/- 5.002 mmol/L and 6.567 +/- 2.568 g/L, 16.168 +/- 3.922 g/L respectively. It is concluded that the most optimal condition of loading trehalose is that fresh RBCs incubate in 800 mmol/L trehalose solution for 8 hours at 37 degrees C. This condition can result in a efficient cytoplasmic trehalose concentration. The study provides an important basis for long-term preservation of RBCs.
Biological Transport, Active ; drug effects ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Cryoprotective Agents ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Erythrocyte Membrane ; metabolism ; Erythrocytes ; Freeze Drying ; Humans ; Osmotic Fragility ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Trehalose ; metabolism ; pharmacology

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo viability of human platelets cryopreserved at -80 degrees C by using SCID mouse model and flow cytometry. The fresh human platelets were frozen with 5% DMSO at -80 degrees C for 10 days, thawed, and centrifuged for concentration. A 100 ml aliquot of concentrated platelets was injected into the SCID mouse tail vein by using a 1 ml insulin-syringe fitted with a 29-gauge ultra-fine needle. The whole blood was collected into heparinized capillary tube at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours after infusion via a tail vein and was labelled with CD61-PE. Then the human platelets in mouse whole blood were detected by flow cytometry. The 30 minute time point was used as 100% to calculate the survival time of human platelets. The results showed that the survival time of cryopreserved human platelets were more significantly decreased than that of fresh platelets in SCID mice. Survival rates at 4 hours after transfusion of fresh platelets and cryopreserved platelets in SCID mice were 79.5% +/- 9.1% (n = 8) and 40.6% +/- 6.6% (n = 8) respectively, and a T(1/2) estimated were 7 hours for fresh platelets, but 2.5 hours for the cryopreserved. In conclusion, platelets survival time in SCID mice was shortened after frozen with DMSO at -80 degrees C.
Animals ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cell Survival ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Models, Biological ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Transfusion

This study investigated the feasibility and effects of organ bath to be used for detection of bronchial function of non-heart-beating donor (NHBD) lung after 1-h warm ischemia. Sixteen Swedish pigs were divided into two groups randomly: heart-beating donor (HBD) group and NHBD with 1-h warm ischemia (NHBD-1 h) group. The bronchial rings whose lengths and inner diameters were both 1.5 mm were obtained from isolated left lungs of all the pigs. Acetylcholine, arachidonic acid natrium and papaverine were used to test and compare the contractile and relaxant function of bronchial smooth muscles and epithelium-dependent relaxation (EpiDR) response between HBD and NHBD-1 h groups. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the values of bronchial precontraction between HBD and NHBD-1 h groups (5.18+/-0.07 vs 5.10+/-0.11 mN, P>0.05). No significant difference in the values of EpiDR responses between HBD and NHBD-1 h groups (1.26+/-0.05 vs 1.23+/-0.07 mN, P>0.05) was observed either. During the process of EpiDR induction, the rings had no spontaneous relaxation in two groups. In addition, papaverine solution completely relaxed the bronchial smooth muscles of all bronchial rings. It was concluded that after warm ischemia for 1 h, the contractile and relaxant abilities of bronchial smooth muscles, and the epithelium-dependent adjustment both kept intact. Organ bath model could be a liable and scientific way to evaluate the bronchial function of NHBD lung.
Biological Factors/metabolism ; Bronchi/metabolism ; Bronchi/*physiology ; Heart Arrest/*metabolism ; Heart Arrest/physiopathology ; Lung Transplantation ; Models, Biological ; Muscle Relaxation/physiology ; Organ Preservation/*methods ; Random Allocation ; Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control ; Swine ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Warm Ischemia/*methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate effects of different drying methods on the content of anthraquinones and tannins in water extract from Radix et Rhiroma Rhei (DHY).

METHODDHY was dried by freeze drying, vacuum drying, drying under normal press and spray drying respectively until its moisture has been 5%. The content of anthraquinones and tannins of samples by different drying methods was determined and compared with.

RESULTThe content of total anthraquinones, free anthraquinones, conjugated anthraquinones and tannins of samples by different drying methods was some different. Samples with freeze drying were highest and samples with drying under normal press at 100 degrees C were low.

CONCLUSIONTemperature is an important pole in drying process water extract from Radix et Rhiroma Rhei. In our study water extract from Radix et Rhiroma Rhei was stable under 60 degrees C on the whole and unstable when drying exceed in 90 degrees C.

Aerosols ; Anthraquinones ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Freeze Drying ; Preservation, Biological ; methods ; Pressure ; Rheum ; chemistry ; Tannins ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Temperature ; Water ; chemistry

AIMThe study was designed to examine the effects of cryoprotective media, and glycerolating and thawing procedures on human sperm motility and gel penetrating ability.

METHODFifteen unselected donors provided semen varying in quality that was distributed in a factorial design across three cryoprotectants (glycerol, egg yolk-citrate-glucose-glycerol and egg yolk-tris-glucose-glycerol). Also, glycerol was added at room temperature versus at 4 degrees C. Two thaw temperatures were tested (laboratory air temperature for 10 min versus a 65 degrees C waterbath for 4 seconds). The proportion of total and progressively motile sperm was estimated immediately after thawing and following incubation at 35 degrees C for 2 h. Migration of sperm for 30 min at 37 degrees C through polyacrylamide gel was tested.

RESULTSDonors differed greatly, with post-thaw total motility of sperm ranging from 9 to 44% (P<0.05). Egg yolk-citrate-glucose-glycerol and egg yolk-tris-glucose-glycerol were superior to glycerol alone (post-thaw values of 35, 37 and 21%, respectively, P<0.05). This was due primarily to poor sperm survival when semen was cooled to 4 degrees C without glycerol or egg yolk. The two thaw temperatures gave similar results. Sperm migration tests paralleled the motility results, but were more sensitive in detecting differences.

CONCLUSIONEgg yolk, particularly in a tris-based medium that is widely used in domestic animals, improved the cryopreservation of both good and poor quality human semen.

Cryopreservation ; methods ; Cryoprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Ejaculation ; Glycerol ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Preservation Solutions ; Semen Preservation ; methods ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; physiology ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; physiology ; Tissue Donors

The aim of this study was to evaluate bovine pericardium surgical patch in rat model. Bovine pericardial sacs collected from local abattoir were cleaned, disinfected and cut into pieces of 3 by 2.5cm and preserved in 99.5% glycerol. Full thickness abdominal wall defects of 3 by 2.5 cm were created in 30 adult male Sprague Dawley rats and repaired with glycerol preserved pieces. The rats were serially sacrificed in a group of six rats at 1,3,6,9 and 18 weeks post-surgical intervals for morphological and tensometeric study. Macroscopically, no mortality or postoperative surgical complications was encountered except slight adhesions between implanted grafts and some visceral organs in 10% of the rats. Microscopically no calcification or foreign body giant cell formation was found in the explanted grafts. The implanted grafts were replaced gradually with recipient tissue, which made mainly of dense collagenous bundles. The healing strength between the implanted grafts and the recipient abdominal wall was gradually increased with time. The results of this study showed that glycerol preserved bovine pericardium act as scaffold for transformation into living tissue without clinical complications such as that associated with prostheses.
Abdominal Wall/pathology ; Abdominal Wall/*surgery ; *Biological Dressings ; *Glycerol ; Pericardium/pathology ; *Prosthesis Implantation ; Tensile Strength ; *Tissue Preservation

The purposes of initial preservation solution are rapid cooling of the organ and washing out the intravascular components. After the introduction of University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, it has become the standard organ preservation solution in liver transplantation. However, due to several problems such as high viscosity and potassium concentration, let alone its cost, there has been several attempts to use UW solution in combination with other preservation solutions for initial perfusion of the graft during the organ harvest procedure. In order to evaluate the efficacy of Ringers' Lactated (RL) solution as an initial perfusion solution, we performed orthotopic hepatic allografts on dogs. In 4 dogs, UW solution was used as the initial perfusion solution and in the other 4, RL solution was used. After initial perfusion, UW solution was used successively for the preservation of the graft. All harvested grafts were stored in UW solution. Average cold ischemic time was 163.5 minutes for RL group and 159 minutes for UW group. The two groups were compared in terms of hematologic and biochemical markers before and after the transplantation. The extent of graft injury during cold ischemia and after reperfusion was also compared directly under light and electron microscope. There was no difference in cold and warm ischemic time, anhepatic time, and total operation time between the two groups. The groups did not differ in liver function test, complete blood count and coagulation profile. Histologic exams also showed similar changes between the two groups. In conclusion, RL solution can be used as the initial perfusion solution in hepatic transplantation.
Allografts ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Blood Cell Count ; Cold Ischemia ; Dogs ; Hepatectomy* ; Humans ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Organ Preservation ; Perfusion* ; Potassium ; Reperfusion ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants ; Viscosity ; Warm Ischemia ; Wisconsin

This study was purposed to investigate the effects of 25 Gy gamma-ray irradiation on the CD62p expression, platelet count and the mean platelet volume (MPV) of manually enriched platelet suspension in different time of shelf life at 22 degrees C. Each of 16 bags with plasma-rich platelet was divided into two bags, one of which was exposed to 25 Gy gamma-ray of 137Cs and the other ones was not exposed. 16 bags then were preserved for 72 hours according to AABB standards. The irradiated platelets were regarded as the observation group, and the other ones were regarded as the control group, the expression of p-selectin (CD62p) in the above 2 groups was detected by flow cytometry before irradiation and at 24, 72 hours after irradiation respectively; at the same time, the platelet count and MPV were assayed by using blood cell counter. The results showed that the expression level of CD62p on platelet in irradiated and control groups increased along with the prolonging of preservation time, the expression rate of CD62p on the platelets preserved for 24 hours was higher than that on fresh platelets with significant difference (p<0.05); the expression rate of CD62p on the platelets preserved for 72 hours obviously was enhanced as compared with platelets preserved for 24 hours (p<0.01). There were no significant differences in CD62p expression rate, platelet count and MPV between irradiated and control groups preserved for 24 and 72 hours (p>0.05), however the MPV of irradiated and control groups preserved for 72 hours was higher than that of fresh platelets (p<0.05). It is concluded that the gamma-ray irradiation does not affect the quantity and quality of platelets, but the preservation time for manually enriched platelet suspension should be shortened as far as possible.
Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; P-Selectin ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Platelet Count ; Plateletpheresis ; Preservation, Biological ; methods

No abstract available.
Family ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Preservation, Biological