The diagnostic value of core needle biopsy is increasingly being preferred because of its better characterization of benign and malignant lesions and lower frequency of insufficient samples. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy and complication rates with 2 different gauges of core biopsy needle in the preoperative diagnosis of palpable breast lumps. A total of 150 consecutive core biopsies were included in this prospective non-randomised study of palpable breast lump from May 2000 to May 2001. The tissue diagnosis made from the core biopsy specimen was compared with the final histopathology reports from the excised specimen. However, if the lump is not excised, a presumptive diagnosis of benign lesion was made only after at least 6 months follow up with no change in the breast lump. The data were analysed for sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, diagnostic accuracy and complications. The results from the 2 different sizes of core needle biopsies were compared accordingly and a statistical analysis was performed using Chi-squared test. Ninety-six core specimens were acquired with 14 G needle while the other 54 with 16 G needle. There was no significant statistical difference between the accuracy of both needle sizes. However, 4 complications occurred with the larger size 14 G needle while none with the 16 G needle, but this was not statistically significant. In conclusion the size 16 G core biopsy needle provided an accurate diagnostic reliability that is comparable to the larger size 14 G needle in the preoperative diagnosis of palpable breast lump.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle/*instrumentation ; Breast Diseases/*pathology ; Needles/*adverse effects ; *Palpation ; Preoperative Care/*instrumentation ; Reproducibility of Results

In order to investigate the efficiency of a new quantitative head-band formed ocular compressor to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular compression by this new reducer with 40 mmHg for 10 min was performed on 87 cataractous eyes of 78 cases. The changes of IOP (87 eyes) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were observed. There was a significant decrease of IOP and increase of ACD within 30 min after decompression (P < 0.001). The mean decrease of IOP was 5.62 +/- 2.41 mmHg and the mean increase of ACD was 0.18 +/- 0.09 mm within 5 min after decompression. The IOP 5 min after decompression had no significant difference with that 10 min after decompression (P > 0.05). IOP below 10 mmHg could last for about 15 min. This apparatus had been successfully applied to 80 eyes for extracapsular cataract extraction. It was suggested that this device had the advantages of safety, accurate quantification, reliable effect, casually adjusting pressure according to various demands and time-saving.
Cataract/*physiopathology ; *Cataract Extraction ; Compressive Strength ; Equipment Design ; *Intraocular Pressure ; Manometry/instrumentation ; Preoperative Care

OBJECTIVETo assess the correlation between five anthropometric parameters and the distance from tibial tuberosity to medial malleolus in 100 volunteers.

METHODSSix anthropometric parameters were measured in 50 male and 50 female medical students using a metallic scale: medial knee joint line to ankle joint line (K-A), medial knee joint line to medial malleolus (K-MM), tibial tuberosity to ankle joint (TT-A), tibial tuberosity to medial malleolus (TT- MM), olecranon to 5th metacarpal head (O-MH) and body height (BH). Nail size predicted based upon TT-MM measurement was chosen as ideal nail size. A constant was derived for each of the six anthropometric parameters which was either added or subtracted to each measurement to derive nail size. A regression equation was applied to BH measurements. Nail sizes calculated were compared with that obtained from TT-MM measurement and accuracy was evaluated. Accuracy of O-MH and BH regression equations recommended by other authors were calculated in our data.

RESULTSAdding 11 mm to TT-A distance had highest accuracy (81%) and correlation (0.966) in predicting nails correctly. Subtracting 33 mm from K-MM measurement and 25 mm from K-A distance derived accurate sizes in 69% and 76% respectively. Adding 6 mm to O-MH distance had a poor accuracy of 51%. Nail size prediction based upon body height regression equation derived correct nail sizes in only 34% of the cases. Regression equation analysis by other authors based on O-MH and BH distances yielded correct sizes in 11% and 5% of the cases respectively.

CONCLUSIONTT-A, K-A and K-MM measurements can be used simultaneously to increase accuracy of nail size prediction. This method would be helpful in determining nail size preoperatively especially when one anatomic landmark is difficult to palpate.

Adult ; Anthropometry ; Body Height ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Preoperative Care ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Patient Care Planning ; Preoperative Care

Adult ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; physiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Laryngoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Preoperative Care ; instrumentation ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: We classified the Orbscan anterior elevation maps in normal eyes (under myopic, emmetropic and hyperopic conditions) and in those after myopic refractive surgery. We did this classification to demonstrate how Orbscan anterior elevation maps are useful in screening for the existence and extent of previous myopic refractive surgery. Such a classification can help clinicians interpret preoperative and postoperative topographies. METHODS: We measured for visual acuity and refractive power in 4800 eyes. After a slit-lamp examination, a corneal topography exam was performed with an Orbscan corneal topography system. The eyes were divided into two groups, with Group I representing those who had not had refractive surgery (4438 eyes). Group II included those who had undergone previous refractive surgery to correct myopia (362 eyes). RESULTS: In Group I, the central island type (43.0%) was the most common, followed by the temporal ridge (25.8%), the with-the-rule regular ridge (16.7%), the against-the-rule regular ridge (6.6%), the nasal ridge (4.0%), and the saddle type (2.1%). In Group II, the depressed lake type (69.9%) was most common, followed by the de-centered ablation type (21.3%). The trend line of the postoperative central anterior surface elevation (E) and the ablation power of refractive surgery were calculated. Ablation power of refractive surgery=0.0047 E+0.0083 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that it is possible to use Orbscan anterior elevation maps to screen for the extent of previous refractory surgery used in the correction of myopia. This study may also be useful in understanding the shapes of Orbscan anterior elevation maps before and after myopic refractive surgery as well as in determining the degree of ablated myopic refractive power and decentration.
Vision Screening/*instrumentation ; Retrospective Studies ; Preoperative Care ; Postoperative Period ; Myopia/*diagnosis/surgery ; *Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Humans ; Equipment Design ; *Corneal Topography ; Cornea/*pathology ; Adult

Duodeno-colonic fistula is an enterocolonic fistula that occurs as a complication of Crohn's disease. Symptoms of duodeno-colonic fistula are similar to those of Crohn's disease, such as weight loss and diarrhea. The treatment of choice is surgery, although medical treatment may also be considered. However, surgery is recommended when all available medical therapies have been ineffective. In this case, we report a secondary duodeno-colonic fistula due to Crohn's disease that was temporarily managed by an endoscopic procedure with a detached endoloop and hemoclips as a bridging therapy to final surgical repair.
Adult ; Crohn Disease/complications/*diagnosis ; Endoscopy, Digestive System/instrumentation/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula/*diagnosis/etiology/surgery ; Preoperative Care ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Based on GB/T16886.4-2003 Standard, the coagulation effects of 5 cardiovascular system external communicating devices made consist of metal and polymer were assessed using the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and Lee-White coagulation time (CT) tests. The results indicate that PTT test is a stable and valuble method for evaluating the coagulating pathway disturbance of the devices. In line with GB/T 16886.4-2003 Standard, PTT test is a recommendable method for evaluating the external communicating devices Based on GB/T14233.2-2005 Standard, CT test is a method more liable to variation, compared with PTT test. This is due to the complex relativity in the test itself, due to all the factors of coagulating cascade, and due to the individual difference of animal. The question of how to select proper negative control for coagulation evaluation of the Cardiovascular System External Communicating Devices in clinical setting for CT test should be addressed and studied.
Blood Coagulation ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Cardiology ; instrumentation ; Equipment Safety ; Humans ; Metals ; adverse effects ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Polymers ; adverse effects ; Preoperative Care

In order to investigate the efficiency of a new quantitative head-band formed ocular compressor to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular compression by this new reducer with 40 mmHg for 10 min was performed on 87 cataractous eyes of 78 cases. The changes of IOP (87 eyes) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were observed. There was a significant decrease of IOP and increase of ACD within 30 min after decompression (P < 0.001). The mean decrease of IOP was 5.62 +/- 2.41 mmHg and the mean increase of ACD was 0.18 +/- 0.09 mm within 5 min after decompression. The IOP 5 min after decompression had no significant difference with that 10 min after decompression (P > 0.05). IOP below 10 mmHg could last for about 15 min. This apparatus had been successfully applied to 80 eyes for extracapsular cataract extraction. It was suggested that this device had the advantages of safety, accurate quantification, reliable effect, casually adjusting pressure according to various demands and time-saving.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cataract ; physiopathology ; Cataract Extraction ; Child ; Compressive Strength ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Manometry ; instrumentation ; Middle Aged ; Preoperative Care

OBJECTIVETo analyze the surgical patients treated with straight wire appliance for guidelines of clinical using of the appliance.

METHODSTotally 51 patients from Joint Clinic of Orthodontic Surgery, Peking University School of Stomatology with dentofacial deformities treated with straight wire appliance were analyzed. The patients were aged from 15 years to 34 years 5 months, average 18 years 9 months. Among whom, 16 are males, while the other 35 are females.

RESULTSEighteen patients were treated with extraction of teeth, while other 33 cases were nonextraction case. The duration of average presurgical orthodontic treatment was 13.3 months, and 10.4 months was for postsurgical orthodontic treatment, totally active treatment time was 25.5 months.

CONCLUSIONSStraight wire appliance would benefit a lot for three dimensional control of teeth when doing pre- and post-surgical orthodontic treatment. Good results could be achieved without wire bending.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; therapy ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; therapy ; Orthodontic Wires ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; instrumentation ; methods ; Postoperative Care ; Preoperative Care ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult