No abstract available.
Premenstrual Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Mastodynia* ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors which effect clinical nurses' exhaustion. METHODS: This research was conducted targeting 140 clinical nurses. Data were collected from 18 September to 30 September 2015. Data were analyzed using the program SPSS/WIN 18.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were used. RESULTS: Burnout was significantly different by age (F=7.99, p=.001), marital status (t=8.69, p=.004), department area (F=7.65, p<.001), frequency of night work in a month (F=7.65, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=3.68, p=.028). There was positive correlations between menstrual attitudes of participants and premenstrual syndrome (r=34, p<.001), menstrual attitudes and stress (r=.40, p<.001), and menstrual attitudes and burnout (r=.16, p=.031). There were positive correlations between premenstrual syndrome and stress (r=.46, p<.001), between premenstrual syndrome and burnout (r=.35, p<.001), and between stress and burnout (r=.36, p<.001). Factors influencing burnout were premenstrual syndrome (β=.335) and age (β=.216), with an explanatory power of 18.0%. CONCLUSION: There is a need to develop and apply program for reducing clinical nurses' pre-menstrual syndrome. In addition, policies are needed to allow for menstruation leave, thereby making it legal.
Female ; Marital Status ; Menstruation ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical therapeutic effects of acupoint-injection combined with body acupuncture and medication on premenstrual tension syndrome, and probe to the best therapy for this disease.

METHODSOne hundred and two cases were randomly divided into an acupoint-injection plus body acupuncture group (treatment group) and a medication group (control group). The treatment group were treated with injection of Huangqi Injection into Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), and acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3), Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6), Taiyang (EX-HN5), Fengchi (GB 20) 10 days before menstruation, once every three days; the control group were treated by oral administration of diazepam and oryzanol at routine dose 10 days before menstruation until stopping of menstrual. Their therapeutic effects were compared after treatment for 3 menstrual cycles.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 92.6% in the treatment group and 75.0% in the control group with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe clinical therapeutic effect of the acupoint-injection combined with body acupuncture is better than that of the medication on premenstrual tension syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: The cognitive model has been suggested to explain the pathogenesis of premenstrual syndrome. In this model, it is suggested that negative cognitive style may contribute to the experience of severe premenstrual symptoms. We conducted this study to examine the relationship among cognitive style, perceived stress, and premenstrual symptoms. METHOD: Eighty six reproductive aged women older than 18 years were included in this study, to complete the Premenstrual Assessment form, Korean version of automatic thoughts Ques-tionnaire-Positive, Korean version of Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative, Korean version of Dysfunctional Attitude Scale, Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Among the subjects, twenty one were diagnosed to have a premenstrual dysphoric disorder which was determined by prospective assessment for two months. The relationships among the variables were analyzed by examining Pearson correlation coefficiency. REULTS: In the subjects without premenstrual dysphoric disorder, there exist significant correlation between the premenstrual symptom and the score of Korean-version of automatic thoughts Questionnaire-Negative(r=.36, p<.01). In the subjects with premenstrual dysphoric disorder, premenstrual symptoms had significant correlation to automatic thoughts Questionnaire-Negative(r=.65, p<.01) and Perceived Stress Questionnaire(r=.52, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings show the significant relationship between negative cognitive style and premenstrual symptoms. This relationship was more prominent in the subjects with premenstrual dysphoric disorder compared to ones without it. Our findings suggest that cognitive style and stress perception may influence on the severity of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and that cognitive behavior therapy is a possible effective therapeutic strategy for those with severe premenstrual symptoms.
Cognitive Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Menstrual disorders are very common problems in adolescence. Most of them are minor, including mild dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome(PMS) and minor variations in cycle, length, or amount of flow. Dysmenorrhea is the most prevalent among them while PMS is a nebulous condition characterized by a broad spectrum of symptoms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between dysmenorrhea and PMS in adolescents. METHODS: This cross sectional study on dysmenorrhea and PMS was performed in 1153 junior high school girls in Ansan. We researched the clinical aspects of PMS and investigated the correlation between menstrual characteristics and PMS in adolescents. RESULTS: The results are as follows : The incidence of PMS is 66.3%. The correlation of menstrual characteristics and severity of PMS was as follows : intensity of menstrual flow(P<0.01), duration of menstrual flow(P<0.05). The correlation of severity between dysmenorrhea and PMS is found(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Korean adolescents have many problems related to dysmenorrhea and PMS. This study indicates that Korean adolescents need to be educated on the matter and treatment of their menstrual disorders are also needed.
Adolescent ; Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Female* ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

Many reproductive women, at least 20-50%, suffered from premenstrual syndrome and 2-8% of them have premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD). Prospective daily records during 2 menstrual cycles are required to differentiate PMDD from other various similar conditions such as concurrent psychiatric or medical diseases or their premenstrual magnification and also to determine the efficacy of treatment. The etiology of PMDD is largely unknown. Recently as several randomized placebo-controlled trial in women with PMDD have reported the efficacy of serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs), SSRIs have been preferred to other treatment regimens though response rates to SSRIs were variable with high placebo response rate and though their long-term and preventive effect were not yet determined.
Female ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Prospective Studies ; Serotonin

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the treatment-seeking behaviors of Korean university women with premenstrual symptoms. METHODS: Of 1419 subjects who randomly selected in 4 women's university in Seoul, 771 who experienced at least one premenstrual symptom during past three months were included in this study. Treatment-seeking behaviors for relieving premenstrual symptoms were grouped into five categories [doctor's prescription, self-prescription with over-the-counter drug, use of oriental medicine, use of other conservative-alternative medicine (CAM), nonpharmacological treatment]. We investigated what the preferential treatment was and how many subjects were experienced the medical evaluation by doctor. The attitude and knowledge to premenstrual symptoms were evaluated. RESULTS: Subjects who experienced at least one kind of treatment for relieving premenstrual symptoms were 50.2% of women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and 63.6% of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Nonpharmacological treatment such as exercise or rest was the most preferential treatment. Only 2.3% of PMDD was examined and prescribed by doctor. Subjects with doctor's or oriental doctor's prescription had more severe premenstrual symptoms and showed functional impairment than others. Only 7% of university women reported to know well about premenstrual symptoms and their treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that Korean university women prefer self-diagnosis and self-prescription to the evaluation and prescription by doctor for relieving premenstrual symptoms even though they suffer from PMDD. It indicates that the adequate evaluation and treatment for premenstrual symptoms are not carried out because of the lack of knowledge about them. Therefore, the correct information about symptoms and management of PMS and PMDD should be serviced to general population. Also, systematic evaluation of efficacy and safety of oriental medicine and other CAM for premenstrual symptom is needed.
Female ; Humans ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Prescriptions ; Seoul

The large number and variety of premenstrual symptoms reported have made premenstrual disorders difficult to characterize. Premenstrual disorders can have a significant negative impact on a woman's quality of life and work productivity. But women diagnosed as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) seldom seek a medical advice and commonly use non prescribing medicines. The pathophysiology of the wide range of PMS/premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) symptoms may be explained by multiple mechanisms. Clinicians need to recognize the diagnostic criteria for PMS/PMDD. The many and varied treatments used for premenstrual disorders can be a source of confusion. These practical treatment algorithms in women with PMS/PMDD would be helpful. It is important for clinicians practicing in women's health to be familiar with the various approaches to treating premenstrual disorders and their relative efficacy.
Diagnosis* ; Efficiency ; Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome* ; Quality of Life ; Women's Health