No abstract available.
Premenstrual Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Mastodynia* ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors which effect clinical nurses' exhaustion. METHODS: This research was conducted targeting 140 clinical nurses. Data were collected from 18 September to 30 September 2015. Data were analyzed using the program SPSS/WIN 18.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were used. RESULTS: Burnout was significantly different by age (F=7.99, p=.001), marital status (t=8.69, p=.004), department area (F=7.65, p<.001), frequency of night work in a month (F=7.65, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=3.68, p=.028). There was positive correlations between menstrual attitudes of participants and premenstrual syndrome (r=34, p<.001), menstrual attitudes and stress (r=.40, p<.001), and menstrual attitudes and burnout (r=.16, p=.031). There were positive correlations between premenstrual syndrome and stress (r=.46, p<.001), between premenstrual syndrome and burnout (r=.35, p<.001), and between stress and burnout (r=.36, p<.001). Factors influencing burnout were premenstrual syndrome (β=.335) and age (β=.216), with an explanatory power of 18.0%. CONCLUSION: There is a need to develop and apply program for reducing clinical nurses' pre-menstrual syndrome. In addition, policies are needed to allow for menstruation leave, thereby making it legal.
Female ; Marital Status ; Menstruation ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

PURPOSE: This study is an explorative survey to examine emotional labor, stress, and premenstrual syndrome among hospital nurses and to examine relationships among them. METHODS: Data were collected from 228 nurses working at hospitals using structured questionnaires from September to October, 2014. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 by frequency, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Score of emotional labor was different by work time per week (F=4.03, p=.019), and menstrual amount (F=5.18, p=.006). Level of stress was different by marital status (t=2.29, p=.023), pattern of work (t=-3.63, p<.001), work time per week (F=3.39, p=.035), regularity of menstrual cycle (t=-4.20, p<.001), and exercise frequency (F=4.28, p=.015). Scores of premenstrual syndrome were different by regularity of menstrual cycle (t=-3.18, p=.002), and menstrual amount (F=5.88, p=.003). Emotional labor was related with perceived stress (r=.40, p<.001) and premenstrual syndrome (r=.23, p<.001). Also, perceived stress was related with premenstrual syndrome (r=.33, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Nurses' emotional labor, stress, and premenstrual syndrome were higher than the average. Emotional labor was correlated with stress and premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual syndrome with stress. This study shows that it is necessary to understand these relationships and to search for nursing intervention to ease emotional labor, stress, and premenstrual syndrome.
Female ; Marital Status ; Menstrual Cycle ; Nursing ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

The large number and variety of premenstrual symptoms reported have made premenstrual disorders difficult to characterize. Premenstrual disorders can have a significant negative impact on a woman's quality of life and work productivity. But women diagnosed as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) seldom seek a medical advice and commonly use non prescribing medicines. The pathophysiology of the wide range of PMS/premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) symptoms may be explained by multiple mechanisms. Clinicians need to recognize the diagnostic criteria for PMS/PMDD. The many and varied treatments used for premenstrual disorders can be a source of confusion. These practical treatment algorithms in women with PMS/PMDD would be helpful. It is important for clinicians practicing in women's health to be familiar with the various approaches to treating premenstrual disorders and their relative efficacy.
Diagnosis* ; Efficiency ; Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome* ; Quality of Life ; Women's Health

Premenstrual syndrome is a common chronic disorder in most women of reproductive age. The main symptoms are depression, anxiety, tension, feeling out of control, and mastalgia. In premenstrual syndrome, the effects of aromatic edible Elsholtzia splendens and Cirsium japonicum were investigated for over 3 months in 30 women participants in their twenties. In the Elsholtzia splendens capsule treated group, scores of depression and anxiety were significantly lower than those in the Cirsium japonicum capsule treated group. Moreover, instability of the premenstrual assessment form was significantly decreased in the Elsholtzia splendens capsule treated group. Our results suggest that Elsholtzia splendens could be an effective plant material in relieving symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Anxiety ; Cirsium ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Mastodynia ; Plants ; Premenstrual Syndrome

OBJECTIVES: The cognitive model has been suggested to explain the pathogenesis of premenstrual syndrome. In this model, it is suggested that negative cognitive style may contribute to the experience of severe premenstrual symptoms. We conducted this study to examine the relationship among cognitive style, perceived stress, and premenstrual symptoms. METHOD: Eighty six reproductive aged women older than 18 years were included in this study, to complete the Premenstrual Assessment form, Korean version of automatic thoughts Ques-tionnaire-Positive, Korean version of Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative, Korean version of Dysfunctional Attitude Scale, Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Among the subjects, twenty one were diagnosed to have a premenstrual dysphoric disorder which was determined by prospective assessment for two months. The relationships among the variables were analyzed by examining Pearson correlation coefficiency. REULTS: In the subjects without premenstrual dysphoric disorder, there exist significant correlation between the premenstrual symptom and the score of Korean-version of automatic thoughts Questionnaire-Negative(r=.36, p<.01). In the subjects with premenstrual dysphoric disorder, premenstrual symptoms had significant correlation to automatic thoughts Questionnaire-Negative(r=.65, p<.01) and Perceived Stress Questionnaire(r=.52, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings show the significant relationship between negative cognitive style and premenstrual symptoms. This relationship was more prominent in the subjects with premenstrual dysphoric disorder compared to ones without it. Our findings suggest that cognitive style and stress perception may influence on the severity of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and that cognitive behavior therapy is a possible effective therapeutic strategy for those with severe premenstrual symptoms.
Cognitive Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the treatment-seeking behaviors of Korean university women with premenstrual symptoms. METHODS: Of 1419 subjects who randomly selected in 4 women's university in Seoul, 771 who experienced at least one premenstrual symptom during past three months were included in this study. Treatment-seeking behaviors for relieving premenstrual symptoms were grouped into five categories [doctor's prescription, self-prescription with over-the-counter drug, use of oriental medicine, use of other conservative-alternative medicine (CAM), nonpharmacological treatment]. We investigated what the preferential treatment was and how many subjects were experienced the medical evaluation by doctor. The attitude and knowledge to premenstrual symptoms were evaluated. RESULTS: Subjects who experienced at least one kind of treatment for relieving premenstrual symptoms were 50.2% of women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and 63.6% of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Nonpharmacological treatment such as exercise or rest was the most preferential treatment. Only 2.3% of PMDD was examined and prescribed by doctor. Subjects with doctor's or oriental doctor's prescription had more severe premenstrual symptoms and showed functional impairment than others. Only 7% of university women reported to know well about premenstrual symptoms and their treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that Korean university women prefer self-diagnosis and self-prescription to the evaluation and prescription by doctor for relieving premenstrual symptoms even though they suffer from PMDD. It indicates that the adequate evaluation and treatment for premenstrual symptoms are not carried out because of the lack of knowledge about them. Therefore, the correct information about symptoms and management of PMS and PMDD should be serviced to general population. Also, systematic evaluation of efficacy and safety of oriental medicine and other CAM for premenstrual symptom is needed.
Female ; Humans ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Prescriptions ; Seoul

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to identify the effect of self-foot reflexology on the relief of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in high school girls. METHOD: Study subjects was 236 women residing in the community, teachers and nurses who were older than 45 were recruited. Data was collected with self administered questionnaires from July 1st to August 31st, 2003 and analysed using SPSS/WIN 10.0 with Xtest, t-test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression at a significant level of =.05. RESULT: The breast cancer screening rate was 57.2%, and repeat screening rate was 15.3%. With the multiple logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mammography screening were age and perceived barriers of action, and factors related to the repeat mammography screening were education level and other cancer screening experience. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, we recommend the development of an intervention program to decrease the perceived barrier of action, to regard mammography as an essential test in regular check-up, and to giveactive advertisement and education to the public to improve the rates of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.
Adolescent ; Dysmenorrhea/*therapy ; Female ; *Foot ; Humans ; *Massage ; Premenstrual Syndrome/*therapy