No abstract available.
Prejudice

There have been so many misperceptions and prejudices against mental illness in our society. The wrong perception and prejudice against mental illness infringe on basic human right to receive proper medical care. Thoughts such as 'mental illness is rare', 'it is incurable', or 'psychiatric patients are weird, violent and harmful to others' are typical stereotypes of mistaken beliefs about mental illness. Scientific studies conducted throughout the world provide the opposite of these views. To reduce misunderstanding and stigma of mental illness, it is important to lead the public to recognize the mental illness is a disease of the brain to be treated, and that it can be treated effectively. To achieve this aim, proactive promotion by government and non-government organizations including medical professionals is required. In addition, vigorous scientific investigations should continue to delineate the pathophysiology of mental illness and establish effective treatment thereof.
Brain ; Human Rights ; Humans ; Prejudice

Many factors including social rejection, family problems, loss of educational opportunity, fear, prejudice and ignorance, compound the inherent paychologicaI stress of leprosy. In ligh.t of these problems this present study was undertaken to evaluate the psychologica.l status of 1cprosy patients. The subjects of the present study were 220 patients staying at home and 304 control people living in similar isolated areas to resettlemert villages. A self reprort symptom inventory,, SCL--90 symptom check list 90) was used and the group", were analysed and compand by many factors. The results of this study are follows. -countinue-
Humans ; Leprosy* ; Prejudice ; Social Distance

Manual medicine is as old as the science and art of medicine itself. Spinal manipulation in manual medicine is widely used as a treatment modality for spinal disorders. But one of the problems as perceived by the medical profession is that the therapy is often treated as a business rather than a science. In addition, its reputation has been blurred by some of its advocates claiming far too much for its effectiveness and using it as a panacea. Another observation is that many patients have been subjected to a prolonged and failed trial of spinal manipulation. It was written with one purpose in mind. The purpose is to give a basic overview of the present day practice and scope of the field of manual medicine. If, in addition, the information thus provided helps reduce certain existing prejudices toward this field.
Commerce ; Humans ; Manipulation, Spinal ; Prejudice

Strategic planning is integral to any operation but complexity varies immensely and therefore the effort necessary to create the optimal plan. The previous three reports have discussed individual conduits and herein is an attempt to present approaches to common situations which the author favors. Although much has been learned over 45 years about use and subsequent behavior of venous and arterial grafts we continue to learn and, as a result, evolve new strategies or modify those now popular. Thus the reader must recognize that in spite of trying to be balanced and inclusive all surgeons have personal opinions and also prejudices which influence the approach taken and which may not be the optimal one for others or for the patient.
Coronary Artery Bypass ; Humans ; Prejudice ; Transplants

PURPOSE: This study was done to explore the meaning of stigma in parents of a child with mental illness. METHODS: The participants were 6 mothers who had children with mental illness. Data were gathered using in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi method. RESULTS: The significant results from analysis of the interviews can be grouped into 10 concept descriptions, 5 theme clusters. The essential theme clusters for the experiences of parents were 'Guilt as a parent towards an disabled child', 'Humiliation from loss of self-esteem', 'Loneliness from prejudice and discrimination', 'Frustration due to endless treatment', and 'Desire of normal happiness'. CONCLUSION: The finding of this study offer profound information on stigma experience of parents of children with mental illness and provide basic raw material for developing nursing intervention strategies for these parents.
Child ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Mothers ; Parents ; Prejudice

The purpose of this research was to develop risk communication (RC) strategy and educational web-site on food additives for elementary students and their parents to improve their perception on food additives and dietary life. First of all, a survey was conducted from 1,200 elementary children and their parents to diagnose the perception and information needs on food additives. The survey revealed that most children and their parents did not have enough knowledge on food additives and demanded the safety information on food additives. Second, previous researches on food communication were analyzed to develop a risk communication model, and it was directly applied in this study. Third, a web site (www.foodnara.go.kr/foodaddy) was developed to upload the education materials along with up-to-date information and classroom activities for teachers on food additives. Fourth, the developed homepage was evaluated by applying to about 100 children and parents each, and majority of them showed high levels of understanding (children 85.7%, parents 79%) and satisfaction (children 77.2%, parents 64%), and the effect of getting over the prejudice against food additives was observed. The RC model developed in this study could be applied to any food risk communication, and the content and materials in this web site including booklets, animations, and quiz could be used effectively to promote the communication on food additives. In the future, it will be necessary to advertise the web site to be utilized by various consumer levels and to update the contents continuously by developing consumer-friendly communication materials.
Child ; Food Additives ; Humans ; Pamphlets ; Parents ; Prejudice

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify public attitudes toward mental illness, and to use Q methodology to build understanding of the differences among these attitude types. METHODS: Q Methodology was used to examine the public's attitude on mental illness. Thirty participants classified 33 selected Q-statements on a seven-point scale to create a normal distribution. The collected data were analyzed by using the PC QUANL program. RESULTS: Four types of attitudes toward mental illness were identified. Type I was named ‘Pursuing positive attention and patience regarding serious human rights’; type II, ‘Demanding the abolishing of prejudice through various media’, type III, ‘Emphasizing social responsibility at a distance from mental illness’, and type IV, ‘Focusing on reversible treatment of the disease’. CONCLUSION: In this study, the general public has presented a nursing intervention strategy that can provide support that allows for a positive recognition of mental disorders in accordance with the characteristics of each type.
Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Nursing ; Prejudice ; Social Responsibility

Many factors including social rejection, family problems, loss of educational opportunity, fear, prejudice and ignorance of leprosy compound the inherent psychologicaI stress of leprosy. In light of these problems we have undertaken a study to evaluate the psychological status of several selected groups of leprasy patients. We first studied 340 leprosy patients living in resettlement villages and 304 healthy people living in similar isolated areas. We used a self report symptom inventory, SCL-90 (symptom check list-90), and compared the two-groups. (countinued..)
Humans ; Leprosy* ; Prejudice ; Self Report ; Social Distance

PURPOSE: A study of university students was conducted to explore their prejudice toward AIDS, social interaction with AIDS patients, and intention to practice AIDS preventive measures. METHOD: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 145 university students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA with SPSS 11.5. RESULT: The mean score for prejudice toward AIDS was 23.54, implying a low level of prejudice toward AIDS by the subjects. The mean score for social interaction with AIDS patients was 20.92, indicating a moderate level of intention for social interaction with AIDS patients. The mean score for intention to practice AIDS prevention was 24,74, assuming a strong intention to practice AIDS prevention. Those who had higher mean scores for AIDS Knowledge showed significantly higher mean scores for social interaction with AIDS patients and intention to practice prevention than those who had lower scores. CONCLUSION: Research findings showed that university students had a low level of prejudice toward AIDS, a moderate level of social interaction with AIDS patients and a high level of intention to practice AIDS prevention. Therefore, a specially designed AIDS education program is needed for university students so as not to provoke fear or stigma toward AIDS patients and to support AIDS patients.
Education ; Humans ; Intention* ; Interpersonal Relations* ; Prejudice* ; Questionnaires