Objective: To investigate the relationship of pregnancy-related anxiety of pregnant women in second/third trimesters and autism-like behaviors in their offspring at 18 months of age. Methods: Based on a prospective cohort study design, we evaluated the situation of pregnancy-related anxiety of women during second and third trimesters through a Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire. Subjects under study were classified into three groups, 1) those with pregnancy- related anxiety during both trimesters, 2) those with pregnancy-related anxiety at one trimester and 3) those without pregnancy-related anxiety in either trimester. When their children were 18 months, autism-like behaviors (ALB) were evaluated, using the part A of Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-23, and then classified into three groups as non-ALB group, minor ALB group and major ALB group. Multi-nominal logistic Regression was used to analyze the relationship of pregnancy-related anxiety with autism-like behaviors. Results: Compared with non-ALB group, children whose mother with pregnancy-related anxiety during both trimesters presented significant higher risk on ALB than children whose mother without pregnancy-related anxiety in these two periods (relative risk, RR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.21-4.86, P=0.012), major factors as pregnant women's IQ and gestational diabetes mellitus, premature delivery and education levels of fosterers on these pregnant women were under control. Our results from the stratified analysis showed: when in the subgroup that mother was the main fosterer of the child, there was an significant increase of risk in children whose mothers with pregnancy-related anxiety during both trimesters (RR=4.22, 95%CI: 1.73-10.32, P=0.002). Conclusion: The association between pregnancy-related anxiety and autism-like behavior was not strong but influenced by the fosterer of the child.
Anxiety/psychology* ; Autistic Disorder/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mothers/psychology* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/psychology* ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy Trimesters/psychology* ; Pregnant Women/psychology* ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Ovarian tumor in pregnancy is not rare and benign cystic teratoma is most common ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Most ovarian tumor in pregnancy is found at first and second trimester but sometimes found at third trimester and it is difficult to make a decision for management. Moreover physician should consider fetal age and mother's condition, and weigh outcome of operation for complicated ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Torsion of ovarian tumor is not an uncommon complication during first trimester of pregnancy and puerperium but rare occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. We have experienced a case of torsion of benign cystic teratoma of ovary which occurred at 37 weeks gestation in a 25 year-old woman. So we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Ovary* ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma*

Ovarian tumor in pregnancy is not rare and benign cystic teratoma is most common ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Most ovarian tumor in pregnancy is found at first and second trimester but sometimes found at third trimester and it is difficult to make a decision for management. Moreover physician should consider fetal age and mother's condition, and weigh outcome of operation for complicated ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Torsion of ovarian tumor is not an uncommon complication during first trimester of pregnancy and puerperium but rare occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. We have experienced a case of torsion of benign cystic teratoma of ovary which occurred at 37 weeks gestation in a 25 year-old woman. So we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Impetigo* ; Ovary ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma

PURPOSE: Appendicitis is the most common condition leading to an intra-abdominal operation for a non-obstetric problem in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine our experience and to analyze the clinical characteristics and the pregnancy outcomes for appendicitis during pregnancy that was reported in Korea. METHODS: We reported 25 cases of appendicitis during pregnancy that were treated at Good Moonhwa Hospital from January 2004 to March 2010. We also analyzed appendicitis during pregnancy reported in Korea between 1970 and 2008 by a review of journals. RESULTS: The incidence of acute appendicitis during pregnancy was one per 568 deliveries. The mean age was 27.92 years old, the gestational stage at the onset of symptoms was the first trimester in 10 patients (40%), the second trimester in 14 patients (56%), and the third trimester in 1 patient (4%). Among the 25 cases, 21 were treated with an open appendectomy and 4 with laparoscopic appendectomies. The postoperative complications were 2 wound infections and 1 spontaneous abortion. CONCLUSION: Our experience demonstrated that appendectomies on pregnant patients can be successfully performed at secondary hospitals.
Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Postoperative Complications ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Wound Infection

OBJECTIVE: To examine the pattern of gestational weight gain using maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: We used maternal weight data from 1,825 women who had noncomplicated pregnancy between Jan. 2002 and Aug. 2009. The rate of maternal weight gain in each trimester, the associations between gestational weight gain per trimester and maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, and the relationship between maternal characteristics and trimester weight gain were analyzed. RESULTS: The average rate of weight gain (kg/week) was lowest during the first trimester (0.06+/-0.30), peaked during the second trimester (0.52+/-0.23), and slowed slightly in the third trimester (0.47+/-0.23). With the exception of infant sex, all six maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes included in the multivariate analyses (parity, maternal age, height, BMI, preeclampsia, gestational DM) were associated significantly with maternal weight gain in at least one trimester. The important maternal predictors of weight gain per trimester were prepregnancy BMI, height and age in the first trimester; prepregnacy BMI, parity and height in the second; and height, age and parity in the third. CONCLUSION: The pattern of gestational weight gain is associated with a number of maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, and these relationships vary according to which trimester is being examined.
Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Maternal Age ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parity ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Weight Gain

Anemia ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic ; epidemiology ; Pregnancy Trimesters

Adult ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular ; surgery ; Pregnancy Trimesters ; Thoracotomy ; methods

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnant women according to the trimester. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on 103 pregnant women who underwent sonography with clinically suspected acute appendicitis. The sonographic technique used involved either the graded compression or a non-compression method. All the sonograms were obtained after changing the patient's position and identifying the diseased appendix. The criterion for a sonographic diagnosis of acute appendicitis was the visualization of a non-compressible appendix with a maximal diameter > or = 6 mm. The sonographic findings were correlated with the surgical findings and clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Acute appendicitis was confirmed by both the surgical and pathological findings in 48 out of 103 pregnant women. Ultrasound established the diagnosis in 34 of the 48 patients with proven appendicitis. There were false-positives in 2 patients and false-negatives in 14 patients. Among the 55 patients who had a normal appendix, 30 patients improved at the clinical follow-up and 25 patients had other intra-abdominal disorders. The diagnostic accuracy of the ultrasound was 94% in the first trimester, 81% in the second trimester, and 76% in the third trimester. The overall accuracy was found to be 84%, with a 71% sensitivity and a 96% specificity. CONCLUSION: No significant difference was found in the diagnostic accuracy of the ultrasound according to the trimester in which the acute appendicitis occurred. Therefore, regardless of the stage of gestation, sonography is a valuable procedure for diagnosing acute appendicitis.
Appendicitis* ; Appendix ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography

Placenta increta is rare, but life-threatening complication of pregnancy characterized by invasion of placenta villi into the underlying myometrium. Placenta increta is usually diagnosed in the third trimester and is associated with significant blood loss and uterine perforation or rupture as well as an increased risk of infection. It also has been described as a complication of selective pregnancy termination and spontaneous pregnancy loss in the second trimester and rarely in the first trimester. We report a case of placenta increta which was presented as uterine mass after dilatation and curettage (D and C) due to missed abortion in the first trimester.
Abortion, Missed ; Animals ; Dilatation and Curettage ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Placenta Accreta* ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First* ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Rupture ; Uterine Perforation

OBJECTIVETo study the longitudinal changes of blood pressure (BP) and its related determinants before and during normal pregnancy.

METHODS14 townships were randomly selected by cluster random sampling method from 37 townships in Liuyang city, Hunan province. Subjects are all women at childbearing age in these 14 townships registered from April 2008 to December 2011. When the subjects visited to the local maternity and child-care agencies for pre-marital check, they were face-to-face interviewed and asked to fill out the questionnaire and finish the medical examination. Following-up program was carried out until delivery, with BP and other pregnancy information checked and collected. Analysis on variance of data regarding repeated measurements were used to investigate the changes of BP and related determinants.

RESULTSA total of 611 cases with complete data were recruited, after excluding 41 cases who were diagnosed as pregnancy-induced hypertension. Finally, data on 570 healthy women with singleton pregnancies was analyzed. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) at pre-pregnancy, first trimester, second trimester and third trimester were (109.9 ± 12.9) mm Hg, (100.6 ± 9.6) mm Hg, (102.6 ± 10.1) mm Hg, (107.8 ± 10.9) mm Hg, respectively while the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of pre-pregnancy, first trimester, second trimester and third trimester were (71.1 ± 9.0) mm Hg, (64.3 ± 6.6) mm Hg, (65.1 ± 6.8) mm Hg, (68.3 ± 8.1) mm Hg, respectively. The pre-pregnancy BP was lower than the three periods after pregnancy. BP of the third trimester was higher than that of the ones at first or second trimesters, with the difference statistically significant. SBP and DBP both indicated that there were statistically significant changes in the four periods and the linear trend test showed statistically significant. Pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy waist circumference and annual per capita income were determinants which affecting the changes of BP. Higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), wider pre-pregnancy waist circumference and higher annual per capita income were associated with higher BP, while annual per capita income mainly affecting the pre-pregnancy BP.

CONCLUSIONBP of the three periods after pregnancy were lower than that of pre-pregnancy. BP of the third trimester was higher than both the first and second trimesters'. Pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy waist circumference and annual per capita income were determinants which affecting the changes of BP.

Adult ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; physiology ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult