No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third*

No abstract available.
Blood Donors* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third* ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: Decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) during pregnancy has been reported by previous studies. There have been arguments about the use of glaucoma medications during pregnancy. This study estimated IOP changes in pregnant patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension compared with IOP changes in normal pregnant women throughout pregnancy. METHODS: Eighteen pregnant glaucoma patients on anti-glaucoma medication (10 POAG, 8 ocular hypertension) and 30 normal pregnant women were studied. Any glaucoma medication was stopped at the time of awareness of pregnancy. IOP measurements were taken 3 times per trimester, and baseline IOP was regarded as the result 2 months after delivery. The average values of each trimester were compared with baseline IOP. IOP was measured with Goldmann applanation tonometer at 9-10 o'clock in the morning. RESULTS: As compared with baseline IOP, IOP decreased by 4.8% at the first trimester, 17.8% at the second, and 16.9% at the third in the normal pregnant group, and by 2.2% 9.7%, and 29.4% respectively in the POAG or ocular hypertension group. Maximal IOP decrease was noted at 20 weeks (second trimester) in the normal pregnant group, and at 32 weeks (third trimester) in the POAG or ocular hypertension group. CONCLUSIONS: There was a difference in the time of maximal IOP decrease during pregnancy between normal pregnant women and pregnant POAG or ocular hypertension patients (second trimester in the normal group, third trimester in the POAG or ocular hypertension group). Further study with a larger number of subjects is needed to confirm this IOP change in pregnancy.
Female ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Ocular Hypertension* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnant Women*

Ovarian tumor in pregnancy is not rare and benign cystic teratoma is most common ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Most ovarian tumor in pregnancy is found at first and second trimester but sometimes found at third trimester and it is difficult to make a decision for management. Moreover physician should consider fetal age and mother's condition, and weigh outcome of operation for complicated ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Torsion of ovarian tumor is not an uncommon complication during first trimester of pregnancy and puerperium but rare occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. We have experienced a case of torsion of benign cystic teratoma of ovary which occurred at 37 weeks gestation in a 25 year-old woman. So we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Ovary* ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma*

Ovarian tumor in pregnancy is not rare and benign cystic teratoma is most common ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Most ovarian tumor in pregnancy is found at first and second trimester but sometimes found at third trimester and it is difficult to make a decision for management. Moreover physician should consider fetal age and mother's condition, and weigh outcome of operation for complicated ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Torsion of ovarian tumor is not an uncommon complication during first trimester of pregnancy and puerperium but rare occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. We have experienced a case of torsion of benign cystic teratoma of ovary which occurred at 37 weeks gestation in a 25 year-old woman. So we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Impetigo* ; Ovary ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma

Cornual pregnancy is one of the diseases caused by embryo embedment at abnormal site. Since few women with cornual pregnancy continue to a middle or late gestation are at a relatively increased risk of uterus rupture,placenta accrete,postpartum hemorrhage and some other severe obstetric complications. We reported two cases of cornual pregnancy at the third trimester, including their clinical symptoms, diagnoses, treatments and obstetric outcomes. Patient 1 had regular prenatal examination. The ultrasound scan at the second trimester showed that the placenta was located at the right fundus of uterus and the myometrium was thin. She had sudden-onset abdominal pain and hypovolemic shock at the end of 33 weeks of gestation. Emergency laparotomy revealed right cornual pregnancy rupture and delivered a dead fetus. After removing the residual gestational tissue and repairing the uterine defect, a live infant was born by cesarean section three years later. Patient 2 was found an unusually located placenta accreta at the right cornu when cesarean section was performed for twin pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Conservative treatments were tried to reduce bleeding, such as strong contractive drugs, B-Lynch suture,bilateral ascending branch of uterine artery ligation, but they all failed. The patient developed to disseminated intravascular coagulation and had to accept hysterectomy at last. Through analysis of the above two cases and review of related literature, we explored the diagnoses and management of the patients with cornual pregnancy at the late trimester. Ultrasonography is essential to diagnose cornual pregnancy, especially at the early stage, and the abnormal images need special attention during the whole term. Besides magnetic resonance imaging is an alternative method to evaluate the location and placenta accrete. Since cornual pregnancy is always accompanied with placenta accrete, which tends to result in uncontrollable postpartum hemorrhage and increase maternal mortality, cesarean section is suggested once diagnosed and individualized treatment strategy is made according to specific circumstances, including age, bearing requirement, severity of the disease, underlying disease and so on. Therefore, adequate preparation is very important and necessary before surgery. Drugs and conservative surgeries should be considered first when hemorrhage happens, however, hysterectomy is the last method to save patients' lives when other treatment doesn't work.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Placenta Accreta ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy, Cornual ; Pregnancy, Ectopic

PURPOSE: Appendicitis is the most common condition leading to an intra-abdominal operation for a non-obstetric problem in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine our experience and to analyze the clinical characteristics and the pregnancy outcomes for appendicitis during pregnancy that was reported in Korea. METHODS: We reported 25 cases of appendicitis during pregnancy that were treated at Good Moonhwa Hospital from January 2004 to March 2010. We also analyzed appendicitis during pregnancy reported in Korea between 1970 and 2008 by a review of journals. RESULTS: The incidence of acute appendicitis during pregnancy was one per 568 deliveries. The mean age was 27.92 years old, the gestational stage at the onset of symptoms was the first trimester in 10 patients (40%), the second trimester in 14 patients (56%), and the third trimester in 1 patient (4%). Among the 25 cases, 21 were treated with an open appendectomy and 4 with laparoscopic appendectomies. The postoperative complications were 2 wound infections and 1 spontaneous abortion. CONCLUSION: Our experience demonstrated that appendectomies on pregnant patients can be successfully performed at secondary hospitals.
Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Postoperative Complications ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Wound Infection

OBJECTIVE: To examine the pattern of gestational weight gain using maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: We used maternal weight data from 1,825 women who had noncomplicated pregnancy between Jan. 2002 and Aug. 2009. The rate of maternal weight gain in each trimester, the associations between gestational weight gain per trimester and maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, and the relationship between maternal characteristics and trimester weight gain were analyzed. RESULTS: The average rate of weight gain (kg/week) was lowest during the first trimester (0.06+/-0.30), peaked during the second trimester (0.52+/-0.23), and slowed slightly in the third trimester (0.47+/-0.23). With the exception of infant sex, all six maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes included in the multivariate analyses (parity, maternal age, height, BMI, preeclampsia, gestational DM) were associated significantly with maternal weight gain in at least one trimester. The important maternal predictors of weight gain per trimester were prepregnancy BMI, height and age in the first trimester; prepregnacy BMI, parity and height in the second; and height, age and parity in the third. CONCLUSION: The pattern of gestational weight gain is associated with a number of maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, and these relationships vary according to which trimester is being examined.
Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Maternal Age ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parity ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Weight Gain

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Previously, various methodologies were used to enumerate the endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). We now know that these methodologies enumerate at least three different EPC subsets: circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), colony-forming unit endothelial cells (CFU-ECs), and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs). It is not clear whether there is a correlation between changes in the number of these subsets. The aim of the current study is to find an answer to this question. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The number of all EPC subsets was quantified in the peripheral blood of nine pregnant women in their first and third trimesters of pregnancy. We enumerated 14 cell populations by quantitative flow-cytometry using various combinations of the markers, CD34, CD133, CD309, and CD45, to cover most of the reported phenotypes of CACs and ECFCs. Culturing technique was used to enumerate the CFU-ECs. Changes in the number of cells were calculated by subtracting the number of cells in the first trimester peripheral blood from the number of cells in the third trimester peripheral blood, and correlations between these changes were analyzed. RESULTS: The number of CFU-ECs did not correlate with the number of ECFCs and CACs. Also, CACs and ECFCs showed independent behaviors. However, the number of CACs showed a strong correlation with the number of CD133+CD309+ cells (p=0.001) and a moderate correlation with the number of CD34+CD309+ cells (p=0.042). Also, the number of ECFCs was correlated with the number of CD309+CD45- cells (p=0.029) and CD34+CD45- cells (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the three commonly used methods for quantifying EPC subsets represent different cells with independent behaviors. Also, any study that measured the number of EPCs using the flow cytometry method with a marker combination that lacks CD309 may be inaccurate.
Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnant Women ; Stem Cells*

The mature cystic teratoma is most common in the ovary, and several authors have reported mature cystic teratoma in female genitalia such as fallopian tube, uterus and pouch of douglas. The mature cystic teratoma in the douglas pouch is very rare, which was reported only twice in the world. The pathogenesis of the mature cystic teratoma in the douglas pouch is not established. We experienced a case of mature cystic teratoma in the douglas pouch associated with pregnancy, which was diagnosed by the ultrasonography at the first trimester of pregnancy and remained at the third trimester of pregnancy without change of size. We report the case with a brief review of literature.
Douglas' Pouch* ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Genitalia, Female ; Humans ; Ovary ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma* ; Ultrasonography ; Uterus