Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; diagnosis ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis

Hantaviruses cause two forms of human disease: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Hantavirus infection can occur in pregnant women and it can have an influence on the maternal and fetal outcomes, although this is a rare finding even in endemic areas. We describe here a recent case of HFRS complicating pregnancy.
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/*diagnosis ; Female ; Adult

Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Malaria ; congenital ; diagnosis ; transmission ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the relationship between the fetus infection and HBV M, HBV DNA in amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, maternal blood and placenta, and to explore the mechanism of vertical transmission of HBV.

METHODSImmunonetric assay and nucleic acid amplification hybri-comb were used. Both HBV M and HBV DNA were detected in amniotic fluid, vein blood, umbilical cord blood for each of 65 HBV-positive women in their different gestational periods, while immunohistochemical analysis was carried out on the tissue of placenta, liver, lung or heart from each abortive fetus/dead infant in the case.

RESULTSFor all of the 65 HBsAg-positive women in their different gestational periods, the detected positive rate of HBsAg was 21.50% in amniotic fluid, and 20.00% in umbilical blood. The positive rate of HBsAg, HBeAg, Anti-HBc and HBV DNA detected in blood, amniotic fluid and umbilical blood was 6.15%. The cases with positive HBsAg, Anti-HBe, Anti-HBc and negative HBV DNA were in a percentage of 13.85%. Immunohistochemical analysis on placentas after birth/abortion as well as the tissues of livers, lungs, hearts of the fetuses/dead infants in 4 cases of pregnant women with positive HBsAg, HBeAg, Anti-HBc or HBV DNA in blood, amniotic fluid or umbilical blood showed that HBsAg, HBcAg positive cells in the scope could be seen in every layer of the tissue of placenta, in the hepatic/pulmonary tissue, but not in the cardiac tissue.

CONCLUSIONThe infection in amniotic fluid or placenta relates to HBV infection in fetus; intrauterine HBV may result in infection in organs such as blood, liver, or lung of a fetus; infection in the amniotic fluid may be another key route of the intrauterine infection of fetus, and the detection on HBV M or HBV DNA in amniotic may be used as one of diagnostic proofs of HBV infection of fetus in its early stage.

Adult ; Amniotic Fluid ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; diagnosis ; transmission ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Placenta ; virology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; diagnosis

Since the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the cardio-pulmonary function of pregnant women, the anesthetic management in the cesarean section for the patients, as well as the protection for medical staff is significantly different from that in ordinary surgical operation. This paper reports a pregnant woman with COVID-19, for whom a cesarean section was successfully performed in our hospital on February 8, 2020. Anesthetic management, protection of medical staff and psychological intervention for the patients during the operation are discussed. Importance should be attached to the preoperative evaluation of pregnant women with COVID-19 and the implementation of anesthesia plan. For ordinary COVID-19 patients intraspinal anesthesia is preferred in cesarean section, and the influence on respiration and circulation in both maternal and infant should be reduced; while for severe or critically ill patients general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation should be adopted. The safety of medical environment should be ensured, and level-Ⅲ standard protection should be taken for anesthetists. Special attention and support should be given to maternal psychology. It is important to give full explanation before operation to reduce anxiety; to relieve the discomfort during operation to reduce tension; to avoid the bad mood of patients due to pain after operation.
Anesthesia ; Betacoronavirus ; Cesarean Section ; Coronavirus Infections ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Injections, Spinal ; Pneumonia, Viral ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; surgery ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Preoperative Care

Objective: To analyze the association between different treatment timings and adverse neonatal outcomes (premature birth, death, congenital syphilis) in syphilis-infected pregnant women. Methods: The National Management Information System for Prevention of HIV, Syphilis and HBV Mother-to-Child Transmission was used to collect information on the detection and treatment of syphilis-infected pregnant women and their newborns in Guangdong Province from October 2011 to December 2021. According to the gestational weeks of syphilis-infected pregnant women receiving penicillin treatment for the first time, they were divided into four groups: treatment in the first trimester, treatment in the second trimester, treatment in the third trimester, and no treatment during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between different treatment timings and adverse neonatal outcomes in syphilis-infected pregnant women. Results: A total of 22 483 syphilis-infected pregnant women were included. The number of pregnant women who started treatment in the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester and did not receive treatment during pregnancy were 4 549 (20.23%), 8 719 (38.78%), 2 235 (9.94%) and 6 980 (31.05%), respectively. Compared with pregnant women who started treatment in the first trimester, pregnant women who did not receive anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy had increased risks of neonatal preterm birth (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.24-1.62), death (OR=4.27, 95%CI: 1.64-14.69) and congenital syphilis (OR=12.26, 95%CI: 6.35-27.45). At the same time, the risk of congenital syphilis in the newborns of pregnant women who started anti-syphilis treatment in the second trimester (OR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.34-6.16) and third trimester (OR=6.27, 95%CI: 2.99-14.80) also increased. Conclusion: Early initiation of anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy in patients with syphilis can improve neonatal outcomes.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Pregnant Women ; Syphilis/diagnosis* ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy* ; Syphilis, Congenital/drug therapy* ; Premature Birth ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control*

Objective: To analyze the association between different treatment timings and adverse neonatal outcomes (premature birth, death, congenital syphilis) in syphilis-infected pregnant women. Methods: The National Management Information System for Prevention of HIV, Syphilis and HBV Mother-to-Child Transmission was used to collect information on the detection and treatment of syphilis-infected pregnant women and their newborns in Guangdong Province from October 2011 to December 2021. According to the gestational weeks of syphilis-infected pregnant women receiving penicillin treatment for the first time, they were divided into four groups: treatment in the first trimester, treatment in the second trimester, treatment in the third trimester, and no treatment during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between different treatment timings and adverse neonatal outcomes in syphilis-infected pregnant women. Results: A total of 22 483 syphilis-infected pregnant women were included. The number of pregnant women who started treatment in the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester and did not receive treatment during pregnancy were 4 549 (20.23%), 8 719 (38.78%), 2 235 (9.94%) and 6 980 (31.05%), respectively. Compared with pregnant women who started treatment in the first trimester, pregnant women who did not receive anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy had increased risks of neonatal preterm birth (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.24-1.62), death (OR=4.27, 95%CI: 1.64-14.69) and congenital syphilis (OR=12.26, 95%CI: 6.35-27.45). At the same time, the risk of congenital syphilis in the newborns of pregnant women who started anti-syphilis treatment in the second trimester (OR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.34-6.16) and third trimester (OR=6.27, 95%CI: 2.99-14.80) also increased. Conclusion: Early initiation of anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy in patients with syphilis can improve neonatal outcomes.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Pregnant Women ; Syphilis/diagnosis* ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy* ; Syphilis, Congenital/drug therapy* ; Premature Birth ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Acute hepatitis A was recently significant increased among women with gestational age in Korea. However, the clinical course and gestational complications have not been fully elucidated in pregnant patients with acute hepatitis A. We evaluated the clinical impact of acute HAV infection in pregnancy. METHODS: Twelve pregnant women out of 85 female patients with acute hepatitis A during 6 years were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The median age of the pregnant group was 26.5 years old. The number of patient with acute hepatitis A were 5 cases in the 1st trimester, 3 cases in the 2nd and 4 cases in the 3rd. 4 cases had significant gestational complications. One case experienced the abortion in 1st trimester and one fetal distress was noted in 3rd trimester. The latter case was delivered of a low birth weight infant (2,390 g) caused by premature rupture of membrane in 36 weeks of gestational age. Other two cases experienced premature contraction and they had been required tocolytic treatment. But, all mothers featured full recovery from HAV infection. Except one aborted fetus and one premature birth, Newborn babies were not affected by maternal hepatitis A. CONCLUSIONS: Acute HAV infection during pregnancy may be associated with the risk of gestational complications. HAV serology and vaccination for women with gestation age should be considered at high prevalence area of acute hepatitis A.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Hepatitis A/complications/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*diagnosis ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: This study determined the seroprevalence of herpes virus 2 in gravidas and the differences between herpes virus 2-infected and healthy gravidas. The need to screen gravidas for herpes virus 2 was also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis involving 500 gravidas who underwent herpes virus 2 serologic testing and delivery in our hospital between January 2009 and August 2010 was performed. All patients in the study group were classified as herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) positive, and all cases were analyzed with respect to the clinical course of the pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, obstetric complications, and neonatal outcomes. SPSS software (version 14.0) was used for statistical analysis. A chi-square test and Student's t-test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In the current study, the herpes virus 2 seroprevalence rate in gravidas was 17%. There was no significant difference in the rates of preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, and intrauterine growth restriction between the herpes virus 2-infected gravidas and the healthy control group. The rates of spontaneous abortion and sexually transmitted disease were higher in the herpes virus 2 infection group than the healthy control group. CONCLUSION: After educating gravidas on genital herpes and, if gravidas thereafter consent to herpes virus 2 screening, the risk of neonatal herpes virus 2 infections can be reduced. In addition, examination of gravidas for sexually transmitted diseases would increase as would appropriate treatment.
Adult ; Female ; Herpes Genitalis/*diagnosis/epidemiology/virology ; Herpes Simplex ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/*pathogenicity ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis/epidemiology/virology ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo establish a methed of cleavage fragment length polymorphism (CFLP) analysis with a primer labeled at the 5'-end with digoxigenin for genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct). The methods for detection of Ct by major outer membrane protein (MOMP) gene (ompl) with nested polymerase chain reaction (ompl-nPCR) were studied. The incidence of Ct infection in pregnant women, the common genotypes and vertical transmission rate of Ct in Chongqing area during the past one year was also investigated.

METHODSThe samples were taken from cervical scrapes of parturient women and nasopharygeal swabs of their neonates from April 2003 to Feb. 2004 in Chongqing Women and Children's Health Care Institute. Totally 300 pairs (605 specimens) were detected by using ompl-nPCR, ompl-PCR (inside pair of primers was used directly) and plasmid-PCR. The results were judged by the modified gold standard (MGS). The ompl-nPCR amplified DNA was purified by recovery of DNA from agarose gel electroelution into dialysis bags. The DNA amplified from ompl-nPCR was sequenced by ABI PRISM 377 DNA sequencer. CFLP assay with a primer labeled at the 5'-end with digoxigenin was created for genotyping of Ct, and was primarily applied.

RESULTSThe minimum detectable levels of ompl-nPCR and ompl-PCR corresponded to 2.5 elementary body (EB) and 25 EB, respectively. The sensitivity of ompl-nPCR was 10 times that of ompl-PCR. The positive rate of Ct in the samples from the pregnant women was 11% (33/300). The vertical transmission rate of Ct from mothers to their infants was 24.2% (8/33). The rate of Ct isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs 5 - 10 days after birth was 38.9% (7/18), which was significantly greater than that [3.0% (1/33)] detected within 24 hours after birth (chi(c)(2) = 8.79, P < 0.01). Of the 33 Ct-positive samples from pregnant women, 9 had vaginal delivery and 24 had caesarean section. The vertical transmission rates in vaginal delivery group and caesarean section group were 66.7% (6/9) and 8.3% (2/24), respectively (chi(c)(2) = 9.16, P < 0.01). Incidence of premature rupture of membrane in Ct-positive group was 30.3% (10/33), which was greater than that of Ct-negative groups (13.5%, 36/267, chi(2) = 6.40, P < 0.05). Four different patterns were observed in the 16 Ct-positive samples from 8 pregnant women and 8 matched maternal-infants by using CFLP, which were confirmed by DNA sequencing later. They were type E (3 pairs), type F (2 pairs), type H (2 pairs) and type D (1 pair). Each pair of matched maternal-infantile samples presented identical CFLP pattern.

CONCLUSIONSThis study revealed the infection rate of Ct in pregnant women, vertical transmission rate of Ct and the common genotypes of Ct in Chongqing Women and Children's Health Care Institute. The CFLP assay by using a primer labeled at the 5'-end with digoxigenin was first used for genotyping of Ct. The assay showed a good sensitivity and reproducibility, no radioactive contamination, and is simple. Therefore the assay is a potential new method for Ct genotyping.

Cervix Uteri ; microbiology ; Chlamydia Infections ; diagnosis ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; genetics ; DNA Primers ; Female ; Genes, Bacterial ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; diagnosis