No abstract available.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

No abstract available.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

No abstract available.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

No abstract available.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

No abstract available.
Ondansetron* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a long-standing issue, not a new concept in anesthesiology. Despite many studies over the last several decades, PONV remains a significant problem due to its complex mechanism. This review presents a summary of the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of PONV, focusing on preventive treatment, particularly the use of new drugs. In addition, we discuss the latest meta-analysis results regarding correct clinical use of classic drugs. I also summarize the latest trends of postdischarge nausea and vomiting and the pharmacogenetics, which is attracting a great deal of attention from other medical fields in PONV-related studies. Finally, we discuss the drawbacks of existing studies on PONV and suggest a focus for future investigations.
Anesthesiology ; Nausea ; Pharmacogenetics ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Vomiting

No Abstract available.
Anesthetics* ; Delirium* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

Background: Compared to adult patients undergoing upper limb surgery who receive general endotracheal anesthesia (GETA), those who receive peripheral nerve block (PNB) have better postoperative outcomes. Objective: To compare postoperative outcomes of PNB and GETA for orthopedic upper limb surgery among pediatric patients. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Southern Philippines Medical Center, Davao City, from December 2015 to May 2016. Participants: 94 boys and girls, 3 to 18 years old, who received either PNB or GETA for orthopedic upper limb surgery. Main outcome measures: Postoperative pain by visual analogue scale (VAS), need for postoperative rescue opioid doses. Main results: Of the 94 patients in this study, 47 (50%) received PNB, and the rest received GETA prior to surgery. Patients in the two anesthesia groups were comparable at baseline. The PNB group had lower mean VAS scores compared to the GETA group both at the post-anesthesia care unit (0.70 ± 1.52 versus 4.15 ± 1.78; p<0.001) and at the Orthopedics Ward (0.45 ± 1.49 versus 4.13 ± 1.68; p<0.001). The proportion of patients given postoperative rescue opioid doses was significantly lower in the PNB group (6/47; 12.77%) than in the GETA group (21/47; 44.62%; p=0.0006). Conclusion Pediatric patients for orthopedic upper limb surgery who received PNB had less pain postoperatively and needed postoperative rescue opioid doses less frequently compared to those who received GETA.
Anesthesia, Conduction ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Humans ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Research Design

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), postanesthetic shivering and pain are common postoperative patient complaints that can result in adverse physical and psychological outcomes. Some antiemetics are reported to be effective in the management of postoperative pain and shivering, as well as PONV. We evaluated the efficacy of dexamethasone added to ramosetron on PONV, shivering and pain after thyroid surgery. METHODS: One hundred and eight patients scheduled for thyroid surgery were randomly allocated to three different groups: the control group (group C, n = 36), the ramosetron group (group R, n = 36), or the ramosetron plus dexamethasone group (group RD, n = 36). The patients were treated intravenously with 1 and 2 ml of 0.9% NaCl (group C); or 2 ml of 0.15 mg/ml ramosetron plus 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl (group R); or 2 ml of 0.15 mg/ml ramosetron plus 1 ml of 5 mg/ml dexamethasone (group RD) immediately after anesthesia. RESULTS: Incidence of nausea and the need for rescue antiemetics, verbal rating scale (VRS) 1 hour pain value, ketorolac consumption, and incidence of shivering were significantly lower in group R and group RD, than in group C (P < 0.05). Moreover, these parameters were significantly lower in group RD than in group R (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Combination of ramosetron and dexamethasone significantly reduced not only the incidence of nausea and need for rescue antiemetics, but also the VRS 1 hour pain value, ketorolac consumption, and the incidence of shivering compared to ramosetron alone in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.
Anesthesia ; Antiemetics ; Dexamethasone* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ketorolac ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Shivering* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Vomiting*