OBJECTIVETo investigate the causes and affecting factors of unplanned reoperations in cancer patients.

METHODSAll patients, who underwent surgery and unplanned surgical reoperations in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College between November 1, 2012 and October 1, 2013, were included in this study. The causes and affecting factors of unplanned reoperations were retrospectively analyzed with logistic regression model.

RESULTSA total of 16, 362 operations were performed in that period, in which 126 cases underwent unplanned reoperation. The incidence rate of unplanned reoperation was 0.77%. The top three causes for unplanned reoperation were bleeding or hematoma in 44 cases (34.92%), wound infection or split in 37 cases (29.37%), and anastomotic leak in 14 cases (11.11%). Logistic regression analysis showed that tumor classification, surgery grade and gender were independent factors for the unplanned reoperations.

CONCLUSIONSThe main causes of unplanned reoperation are bleeding or hematoma, wound infection or split and anastomotic leak. Tumor classification, surgery grade and gender are the independent factors for unplanned reoperations.

Anastomotic Leak ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Neoplasms ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Reoperation ; statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of 30-day unplanned reoperations after thoracic surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with unplanned reoperations within 30 days after thoracic surgery in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2016 to May 2021. Results The 30-day unplanned reoperations showed the incidence of 0.75%(79/10 543),the median hospital stay of 19(12,37) days,and the median hospitalization cost of 109 929.11(80 549.46,173 491.87) yuan.Twenty-two(27.85%) patients received blood transfusion and 26(32.91%) underwent intensive care.The period between May 2016 and May 2017 witnessed the most unplanned reoperations.The main causes of unplanned reoperations after thoracic surgery were bleeding(21.52%),chylothorax(17.72%),pulmonary air leakage(16.46%),atelectasis(13.92%),and gastroesophageal fistula(11.39%).Specifically,the main causes of unplanned reoperations in the patients of non-esophagus/cardia group were bleeding,pulmonary air leakage,atelectasis,and chylothorax,and those in the patients of esophagus/cardia group were gastroesophageal fistula,incision infection and poor healing,bleeding,and chylothorax.Among all the patients with unplanned reoperations,4 patients died,17 improved,and 58 recovered. Conclusions The patients who underwent unplanned reoperations after thoracic surgery had a long hospital stay and high hospitalization costs. Bleeding,chylothorax,pulmonary air leakage,atelectasis,and gastroesophageal fistula were the main reasons for the unplanned reoperations.
Humans ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Surgery ; Chylothorax/surgery* ; Hemorrhage ; Pulmonary Atelectasis/surgery* ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology*

Aged, 80 and over ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Node Excision ; Mastectomy ; Myocardial Infarction ; epidemiology ; Myocardial Ischemia ; epidemiology ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; epidemiology ; Seroma ; epidemiology ; Singapore ; epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Dehiscence ; epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection ; epidemiology ; Venous Thrombosis ; epidemiology

PURPOSE: Post-polypectomy bleeding is the most common colonoscopic polypectomy complication. However, the risk of post-polypectomy bleeding in liver cirrhosis is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the risk of post-polypectomy bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 89 patients with liver cirrhosis who received colonoscopic polypectomy between January 2006 and October 2012. Three hundred forty-eight subjects without liver disease who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy comprised the control group. Risks of post-polypectomy bleeding were analyzed according to patient- and polyp-related factors. RESULTS: Among 89 patients, 75 (84.3%) were Child-Pugh class A, 10 (11.2%) were class B, and 4 (4.5%) were class C. Incidence of immediate post-polypectomy bleeding was significantly increased in cirrhosis with Child-Pugh class B or C compared to liver cirrhosis with Child-Pugh class A or control group [hazard ratio (HR) 3.5; p<0.001]. Polyp size (HR 3.6; p=0.032) and pedunculated polyps (HR 2.4; p=0.022) were also significant risk factors for immediate post-polypectomy bleeding in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Cirrhotic patients with Child-Pugh class B or C have a high risk of immediate post-polypectomy bleeding. Thus, endoscopists should be cautious about performing colonoscopic polypectomy in patients with Child-Pugh class B or C.
Aged ; Colonoscopy/*adverse effects ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications/*surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/*epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo examine the prognosis of preretinal hemorrhage following vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

METHODSClinical data of 76 cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with vitrectomy and silicone oil infusion tamponade in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital from October 2006 to September 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Intraoperative bleeding,postoperative preretinal bleeding,blood reabsorption time, and preretinal fibrosis were assessed.

RESULTSAll preretinal hemorrhage developed within 1 week after surgery, blood was distributed in thin and scattered patterns (32 cases), thick and localized patterns (25 cases) or thick and scattered patterns (19 cases). The preretinal hemorrhage was ceased in 1 day after operation in 35 cases, in 2 days after operation in 18 cases, in two weeks after operation in 23 case. Recurrent hemorrhage occurred within 1 week after operation in 15 cases. Thin blood was largely reabsorbed in about two weeks, and thick blood was largely reabsorbed in about five weeks. Fibrosis tissue was resulted in 15 cases(34.1%) with thick blood.

CONCLUSIONMost of preretinal hemorrhage occurs within 1 week after surgery and is reabsorpted with 5 weeks in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy undergoing vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade. The major complication of preretinal bleeding is the formation of preretinal fibrosis.

Diabetic Retinopathy ; surgery ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicone Oils ; therapeutic use ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo compare clinically relevant postoperative complications after open, laparoscopic, and robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

METHODSClinical data of patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy between January 1, 2014 and October 1, 2016 at Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were diagnosed by upper endoscopy and confirmed by biopsy without distant metastasis. They were confirmed with R0 resection by postoperative pathology. Patients with incomplete data were excluded. The complications among open group, laparoscopic group and robotic group were compared. The continuous variables were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and categorical variables were analyzed by χtest or Fisher exact test.

RESULTSA total of 1 791 patients (1 320 males and 471 females) were included in the study, aged from 17 to 98 (59.0±11.6) years, comprising 922 open, 673 laparoscopic and 196 robotic gastrectomies. There were no significant differences among three groups in baseline data (gender, age, BMI, comorbidity, radiochemotherapy) and some of operative or postoperative data (blood transfusion, number of lymph node dissection, combined organ resection, resection site, N stage, postoperative hospital stay). The blood loss in laparoscopic and robotic groups was significantly lower than that in open group[(185.7±139.6) ml and (194.0±187.6) ml vs. (348.2±408.5) ml, F=59.924, P=0.000]. The postoperative complication occurred in 197 of 1 791(11.0%) patients. The Clavien-Dindo II(, III(a, III(b, IIII(a, and IIIII( complications were 5.5%, 4.0%, 1.2%, 0.1%, and 0.2% respectively. The anastomotic leakage (2.4%), intestinal obstruction(1.3%) and pulmonary infection(1.2%) were the three most common complications, followed by wound infection(0.8%), cardiovascular disease(0.7%), anastomotic bleeding (0.7%), delayed gastric emptying (0.6%), duodenal stump fistula(0.5%), intraperitoneal hemorrhage (0.5%), pancreatic fistula (0.3%), intra-abdominal infection(0.2%), chylous leakage (0.1%) and other complications(1.7%). There were no significant differences among three groups as the complication rates of open, laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy were 10.6%(98/922), 10.8%(73/673) and 13.3%(26/196) respectively (χ=1.173, P=0.566). But anastomotic leakage occurred more common after laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy compared to open gastrectomy [3.1%(21/673) and 5.1%(10/196) vs. 1.3%(12/922), χ=12.345, P=0.002]. The rate of cardiocerebral vascular diseases was higher in open group[1.3%(12/922) vs. 0.1%(1/673) and 0, χ=8.786, P=0.012]. And the rate of anastomotic bleeding was higher in robotic group [2.0%(4/196) vs. open 0.4%(4/922) and laparoscopic 0.6%(4/673), χ=6.365, P=0.041]. In view of Clavien-Dindo classification, III(a complications occurred more common in laparoscopic group [5.5%(37/673) vs. open 3.3%(30/922) and robotic 2.6%(5/196), χ=6.308, P=0.043] and III(b complications occurred more common in robotic group [3.1%(6/196) vs. open 1.1%(10/922) and laparoscopic 0.7%(5/673), χ=7.167, P=0.028].

CONCLUSIONSMorbidities of postoperative complications are comparable among open, laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. However, in consideration of the high difficulty of anastomosis, the minimally invasive surgery should be performed by more experienced surgeons.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anastomotic Leak ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; statistics & numerical data ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Chylous Ascites ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Comorbidity ; Comparative Effectiveness Research ; Duodenal Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Gastroparesis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Gastroscopy ; Hemoperitoneum ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Intraabdominal Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Postoperative Period ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Surgical Wound Infection ; epidemiology ; etiology

PURPOSE: Compared with warfarin, novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are convenient to use, although they require a blanking period immediately before radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). We compared NOACs and uninterrupted warfarin in the peri-procedural period of AF ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared 141 patients treated with peri-procedural NOACs (72% men; 58+/-11 years old; 71% with paroxysmal AF) and 281 age-, sex-, AF type-, and history of stroke-matched patients treated with uninterrupted warfarin. NOACs were stopped 24 hours before the procedure and restarted on the same procedure day after hemostasis was achieved. RESULTS: We found no difference in the CHA2DS2-VASc (p=0.376) and HAS-BLED scores (p=0.175) between the groups. The preprocedural anticoagulation duration was significantly shorter in the NOAC group (76.3+/-110.7 days) than in the warfarin group (274.7+/-582.7 days, p<0.001). The intra-procedural total heparin requirement was higher (p<0.001), although mean activated clotting time was shorter (350.0+/-25.0 s vs. 367.4+/-42.9 s, p<0.001), in the NOAC group than in the warfarin group. There was no significant difference in thromboembolic events (1.4% vs. 0%, p=0.111) or major bleeding (1.4% vs. 3.9%, p=0.235) between the NOAC and warfarin groups. Minor stroke occurred in two cases within 10 hours of the procedure (underlying CHA2DS2-VASc scores 0 and 1) in the NOAC group. CONCLUSION: Pre-procedural anticoagulation duration was shorter and intra-procedural heparin requirement was higher with NOAC than with uninterrupted warfarin during AF ablation. Although the peri-procedural thromboembolism and bleeding incidences did not differ, minor stroke occurred in two cases in the NOAC group.
Aged ; Anticoagulants/*therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications/*drug therapy/*surgery ; Catheter Ablation/*methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage/epidemiology ; Heparin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Thromboembolism/epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Warfarin/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a serious complication that sometimes occurs after percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG). We evaluated the incidence of bleeding complications after a PRG and its management including transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 574 patients who underwent PRG in our institution between 2000 and 2010. Eight patients (1.4%) had symptoms or signs of upper GI bleeding after PRG. RESULTS: The initial presentation was hematemesis (n = 3), melena (n = 2), hematochezia (n = 2) and bloody drainage through the gastrostomy tube (n = 1). The time interval between PRG placement and detection of bleeding ranged from immediately after to 3 days later (mean: 28 hours). The mean decrease in hemoglobin concentration was 3.69 g/dL (range, 0.9 to 6.8 g/dL). In three patients, bleeding was controlled by transfusion (n = 2) or compression of the gastrostomy site (n = 1). The remaining five patients underwent an angiography because bleeding could not be controlled by transfusion only. In one patient, the bleeding focus was not evident on angiography or endoscopy, and wedge resection including the tube insertion site was performed for hemostasis. The other four patients underwent prophylactic (n = 1) or therapeutic (n = 3) TAEs. In three patients, successful hemostasis was achieved by TAE, whereas the remaining one patient underwent exploration due to persistent bleeding despite TAE. CONCLUSION: We observed an incidence of upper GI bleeding complicating the PRG of 1.4%. TAE following conservative management appears to be safe and effective for hemostasis.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis/*epidemiology/*therapy ; *Gastrostomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/diagnosis/*epidemiology/*therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficiency of Shang Ring with that of the disposable circumcision suture device (DCSD) in the treatment of phimosis or redundant prepuce.

METHODSFrom June 2013 to March 2015, we treated 320 patients with phimosis or redundant prepuce using Shang Ring (n=158) or DCSD (n=162). We compared the operation time, intra-operative blood loss, incision healing time, postoperative complications, postoperative satisfaction, and treatment cost between the two groups of patients.

RESULTSComparison between the Shang Ring and DCSD groups showed that the operation time was (5.6±1.3) vs (5.4±1.2) min, intra-operative blood loss (1.2±0.8) vs (1.3±0.9) ml, postoperative delayed hemorrhage 3.16% (5/158) vs 4.32% (7/162), incision healing time (16.1±7.2) vs (7.5±2.3) d, wound infection 15.82% (25/158) vs 7.41% (12/162), 1-month postoperative incision edema 29.11% (46/158) vs 9.26% (15/162), overall postoperative satisfaction rate 63.92% (101/158) vs 90.12% (146/162), and treatment cost (1121.2±15.6) vs (2142.6±10.8) RMB ¥. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the latter five parameters (P<0.05 ), but not in the first three (P>0.05 ).

CONCLUSIONSThe DSCD has an obvious superiority over Shang Ring for its relatively lower complication rate, shorter incision healing time, and better cosmetic appearance.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Circumcision, Male ; instrumentation ; Edema ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Penis ; surgery ; Personal Satisfaction ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgical Wound ; pathology ; Sutures

Traditionally, urologists recommend an interval of at least 4 weeks after prostate biopsy before radical prostatectomy. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the interval from prostate biopsy to radical prostatectomy affects immediate operative outcomes, with a focus on differences in surgical approach. The study population of 1,848 radical prostatectomy patients was divided into two groups according to the surgical approach: open or minimally invasive. Open group included perineal and retropubic approach, and minimally invasive group included laparoscopic and robotic approach. The cut-off of the biopsy-to-surgery interval was 4 weeks. Positive surgical margin status, operative time and estimated blood loss were evaluated as endpoint parameters. In the open group, there were significant differences in operative time and estimated blood loss between the <4-week and > or =4-week interval subgroups, but there was no difference in positive margin rate. In the minimally invasive group, there were no differences in the three outcome parameters between the two subgroups. Multivariate analysis revealed that the biopsy-to-surgery interval was not a significant factor affecting immediate operative outcomes in both open and minimally invasive groups, with the exception of the interval > or =4 weeks as a significant factor decreasing operative time in the minimally invasive group. In conclusion, performing open or minimally invasive radical prostatectomy within 4 weeks of prostate biopsy is feasible for both approaches, and is even beneficial for minimally invasive radical prostatectomy to reduce operative time.
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/*statistics & numerical data ; *Operative Time ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/*epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Prostatectomy/*statistics & numerical data ; Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology/*pathology/*surgery ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Time-to-Treatment/*statistics & numerical data ; Treatment Outcome