No abstract available.
Humans ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome*

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), is characterized by headache, lethargy, visual complaints and epileptic seizures. Brain imaging findings include abnormalities of the white matter and the grey matter.The diagnosis currently relies on clinical manifestations and typical neuroimaging findings. Different pathophysiological factors can play role in the disease process. The purpose of this study is to review causes, clinical aspects, imaging-laboratory findings and prognosis in patients diagnosed with PRES. Method: Patients who showed clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings consistent with PRES between January 2011 and December 2014 were included in the study. Patient data were collected retrospectively from hospital records. Results:Total number of patients was 22 (18 female, 4 male). Median age was 28 years (range 18-84). Comorbid conditions included eclampsia (n=10, 45%), pre-eclampsia (n=1, 4.5%), HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count) syndrome (n=1), primary kidney disease (n=3, 13%). Acute elevation of blood pressure was found in 9 patients (40%). Five patients (22%) were using steroids or immunosupressive drugs. Typical PRES imaging pattern with bilateral parieto-occipital involvement was present in 15/22 patients (68%) and occipital involvement was present in 3/22 patients (14%). Atypical neuroimaging features included frontal involvement in 10 patients (45%), basal ganglia gray matter lesion in 1 patient (4%) and the cerebellum was involved in 3 patients (14%). Serum LDH level was high in 13 patients (59%). Hypoalbuminemia was detected in 12 patients (54%). Conclusion: Although hypertension is thoughtto be the main pathologic factor in the disease process, endothelial dysfunction seems to be equally important.
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pemphigus* ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Visual Fields

Background & Objective: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with immunosuppressive agents used in children with haemato-oncological diseases. There are no reports to date from the South Asia and South East Asia region. We report a Malaysian tertiary centre case series of children with haemato-oncological disease who developed PRES. Methods: Retrospective study of children seen with haemato-oncology diseases seen at the University Malaya Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur who developed PRES from 2011 – 2013. Clinical details were obtained from medical records and brain neuroimaging was reviewed. Results: Five patients met the inclusion criteria. All 5 patients had significant hypertension acutely or subacutely prior to neurology presentation. Four presented with acute seizures and the remainder 1 presented with encephalopathy.Three patients were on chemotherapy, 1 had renal impairment and 1 had prior immunosupression for bone marrow transplantation. A full recovery was seen in 4 patients and 1 patient had mild residual quadriplegia. Conclusion: Our case series expands the clinico-radiological spectrum of PRES in children with underlying haemato-oncological disorders. It is the first to show that prior cyclosporin intake as long as 2 months is a potential risk factor for PRES. Clinicians need to be vigilant for development of PRES and closely monitor the blood pressure in these children who are receiving or recently had immunosuppressive drugs and present with acute neurological symptoms.
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Brain Diseases

No abstract available.
Eclampsia* ; Female ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome* ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Anemia ; Blood Transfusion* ; Humans ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome*