The cataract surgery with viscoelastic agent was performed in forty eyes of twenty rabbits which were divided into two groups, one group with intact posterior capsule and the other group with ruptured posterior capsule of the lens, to evaluate the effect of viscoelastic agents on IOP according to presence of the intact posterior capsule of the lens after cataract surgery. The viscoelastics used were Healon in control group, and Healon, Viscoat and Occucoat in experimental group. We checked the IOP during one month. Peak IOP after surgery and the time from surgery to the peak IOP showed no difference between two groups. In experimental group, there was no difference in the change of postoperative IOP according to the kind of viscoelastics. Results suggest that the rupture of posterior capsule of the lens plays a role in delayed excretion of the viscoelastics, and the postoperative elevation of IOP was not different regardless of the physical difference of Viscoelastics.
Cataract* ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Posterior Capsule of the Lens ; Rabbits ; Rupture

BACKGROUNDPosterior capsule opacification (PCO) compromises vision development in infants after cataract surgery and lead to amblyopia. To observe the effects of curcumin on PCO in infant rabbits, curcumin was injected under the capaule and into the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification.

METHODSSeventy-five 1-month-old healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into 3 groups, one eye of each rabbit was randomly selected to be operated. The operation involved continuous circular capsulorhexis, followed by hydrodissection with 0.6 ml each of balanced salt solution (BSS, group A), hydroxypropyl-β-dodextrin (HP-β-CD, 90 µg/ml, group B) or CUR-HP-β-CD (123 µg/ml, group C), respectively. After phacoemulsification, 0.4 ml of each drug solution was injected into the anterior chamber via an incision. The extent of corneal edema and the inflammatory response within the anterior chamber were considered as measures PCO and observed postoperatively. All eyes were examined 1 and 2 months postoperative by slit lamp microscopy and photography after pupil dilation. On the third day postoperative, 6 rabbits from each group were executed. Paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) or terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL, indicative of apoptosis). Stained sections were observed under light microscopy. Proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) was observed microscopically on day 3, day 7, month 1 and month 2 after the operation with HE staining.

RESULTSThe remission of cornea edema occurred earlier in group C than in groups A and B (P < 0.05); there were no significant differences between groups A and B. The remission of anterior chamber exudation in group C was earlier than those in groups A and B (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the times when PCO occurred, was observed among groups. Compared to groups A and B, the extent of PCO was less severe (P < 0.05). Three days after the operation, LECs aggregated at the orbit. Meanwhile, minor apoptosis was observed in all groups. One month after the operation transparent, cortex and proliferating LECs were observed near the orbit in groups A and B. Two months postoperative, heavy cortex proliferation was observed in all groups: epithelial cells migrated and aggregated at the posterior capsule and rearranged under the anterior capsule in the control group. Proliferation was also observed in group C, but to a less severe extent than in the other two groups.

CONCLUSIONCUR-HP-β-CD exerts an inhibitory effect on PCO.

Animals ; Capsule Opacification ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Curcumin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Phacoemulsification ; methods ; Posterior Capsule of the Lens ; surgery ; Rabbits

PURPOSE: To report a case of intralenticular triamcinolone complicated by intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection. METHODS: A 56-year-old man who presented with lens opacity in the right eye following IVTA injection as a treatment for the central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema was referred to our clinic. RESULTS: The visual acuity in his right eye was hand motion, which was not corrected. A slit lamp examination showed that the intralenticular crystalloid powder in the right eye was likely triamcinolone acetonide. Intralenticular crystalloid powder was detected during the phacoemulsification and the posterior capsule of the lens had been already ruptured. CONCLUSIONS: Lens opacity can be complicated by IVTA through intralenticular injection of triamcinolone acetonide.
Cataract ; Hand ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Middle Aged ; Phacoemulsification ; Posterior Capsule of the Lens ; Retinal Vein ; Triamcinolone Acetonide* ; Triamcinolone* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To investigate the rate of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy in the hydroimplantation intraocular lens (IOL) technique. METHODS: This retrospective study was comprised of 6,192 eyes in 3,790 patients who underwent surgery from January 2013 to September 2017 and then were followed up for at least 1 year. The eyes of these patients were divided into two groups: either viscoimplantation or hydroimplantation. The follow-up examinations were carried out on the 1st day, 4th day, 1st month, and 3 months to 1 year postoperatively. The Nd:YAG capsulotomy rates were evaluated by the different IOL implantation techniques and IOL materials. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration of the patients was in the viscoimplantation group 14.85 ± 2.43 and 15.05 ± 1.93 months in the hydroimplantation group. The Nd:YAG capsulotomy rate was significantly lower in the hydroimplantation group compared with the viscoimplantation group for the entire hydrophilic IOL model (p < 0.001). In addition, the Nd:YAG rate was lower in the hydroimplantation group that used a hydrophilic IOL than it was in the viscoimplantation group, which used a hydrophobic IOL. CONCLUSIONS: The hydroimplantation technique reduced the Nd:YAG capsulotomy rate.
Aluminum ; Capsule Opacification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Posterior Capsulotomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Yttrium

Implantation of silicone intraocular lens(IOL), which is inserted through a small incision, has as its advantages reduced postoperative astigmatism and early visual rehabilitation. It, however, has such disadvantages as unknown long-term biocompatibility, relatively more Nd:YAG laser-induced damage, and unstable fixation. Another difficulty is the possibility of damage to IOL and intraocular tissue during the process of folding and unfolding of the silicone IOL. One thousand cases of the silicone IOL implantation from Sept. 1993 to Mar. 1996 had been followed-up over 1 tear for intraoperative and postoperative complications. Postoperative conditions such as naked visual acuity, and intraocular pressure were also measured. Postoperative naked visual acuity showed fast recovery, with measurements above 20/50 in 71.8% and 85.1% atk postoperative Day 1 and Day 3, respectively. Intraoperative complication was observed in a single case in which an incomplete continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis resulted in cases(7.8%) of posterior capsule opacification requiring Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. None of the above 57 cases requiring Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, however, resulted in reduced visual acuity. Other brane(0.4%), pupillary capture of the optic(0.4%), decentration of the IOL(0.3%) and elevated intraocular pressure(0.3%). The silicone IOL implantation showed early visual rehabilitation without severe intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Astigmatism ; Capsule Opacification ; Capsulorhexis ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intraoperative Complications ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Posterior Capsulotomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Rehabilitation ; Silicones* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term visual outcomes and complications of cataract surgery in eyes previously treated for retinoblastoma. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation at Seoul National University Children's Hospital for a secondary cataract that developed after retinoblastoma treatment. RESULTS: During the period between 1990 and 2014, 208 eyes of 147 patients received eye-salvaging treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and local therapy) for retinoblastoma at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Among these eyes, a secondary cataract was detected in 17 eyes of 14 patients, and five eyes of five patients underwent cataract surgery. The median age of cataract formation was 97 months (range, 38 to 153 months). The medial interval between the diagnosis of retinoblastoma and cataract formation was 79 months (range, 29 to 140 months). All patients received posterior chamber intraocular lens insertion after irrigation and aspiration of the lens through a scleral tunnel incision. Anterior vitrectomy and posterior capsulotomy were performed in two eyes and a laser capsulotomy was subsequently performed in one eye. No intraoperative and postoperative complications occurred. The median follow-up after surgery was 36 months (range, 14 to 47 months). The final best corrected visual acuities were improved in all five eyes. No intraocular tumor recurrences or metastases occurred. CONCLUSIONS: After retinoblastoma regression, cataract extraction in our series was not associated with tumor recurrence or metastasis. Visual improvement was noted in every patient.
Capsule Opacification ; Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Posterior Capsulotomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retinoblastoma* ; Seoul ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

We retrospectively studied 26 eyes of 16 patients(male :9 patients, female:7 patients, mean age:39.3 years)who received clear lens extraction by phacoemulsification and low-power posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. To investigate the effectiveness of clear lens extraction, visual acuity, refractive results, and intraoperative and postoperative complication were analyzed. The mean follow-up was 14.7 months. For reasons of lattice degeneration, retinal tear, or hole, we performed argon laser photocoagulation before clear lens extraction in 84.6% of patients. The IOL power was calculated using the SRK/T formula. Uncorrected visual acuity improved in all cases, with 65.4%of eyes achieving 20/40 or better and 23.1%, 20/25 or better. Corrected visual acuity improved in all cases, the percentage of eyes achieving corrected visual acutiy of 20/40 or better increased from 69.2%preoperatively to 100%postoperatively and the percentage of 20/25 or better, from 3.8%to 80.8%.The mean postoperative spherical equivalent was -15.85D (-10.25 to -23D), 50%of eyes were within 1.0D of the goal diopter and 100%were within 2.0D of the goal diopter.No intraoperative complications occurred.During the follow-up, 42.3% of eyes developed mild posterior capsule opacification and 1 eye(3.8%) received a YAG laser posterior capsulotomy 22 months postoperatively. No retinal tear, retinal detachment, or cystoid macular edema was observed. Clear lens extraction with low-power IOL implantation was effective for the correction of high myopia but additative cases and longer follow-up periods are needed to fully assess the complication.
Argon ; Capsule Opacification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema ; Myopia* ; Phacoemulsification ; Posterior Capsulotomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Degeneration ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

We anlized CT of 29 cases of various orbital disease in pediatric age group. Diagnoses were confirmed byeither operation or direct ophthalmoscopy. The patients were examined during the period of last 3 years. Theresults were as follows: 1. Of 29 cases, 21 were male and 8 were female, and the age ranged from 20 days to 15years. 2. Intraorbital tumors were 13 cases consisting of 7 retinoblastoma, 3 pseudotumor, and 1 each ofcongenital teratoma, cavernous lymphanngioma, and optic glioma, Of remaining 16 cases, 6 had orbital fracture, 5persistent hyperplastic primary viterous(PHPV), 3 vitreous opacity, and 2 primary glaucoma. 3. The CT findings ofthe retinoblastoma were a lobulated or oval soft tissue mass denisty (40-60HU) extending into the vitreous wtihoutsignificant enhancement on postcontrast scan. Of 7 cases, 4 had calcifications within the tumors. The extraglobalextension of the tumor was shown in 2 patients demonstrating markedly thickened sclera with enhancement anddilated optic nerve. 4. There were 5 patients with PHPV having a history of white pupil since birth, and all wereaffected unilateraly. Four patients had vitreous opacity and 3 of those showed either linear or branchingtree-like densities within the vitreous on the postcontrast scan. Another one had a lobulated increased densityprotruding into the vitreous which was difficult to differenciate from the similar finding of retinoblastoma.Remaining one case demonstrated a deformed and decreased density in the lesional lens without chaneg in thedensity of the vitreous. This was confirmed to be caused by persistence of the embryonic hyaloid artery attachedto the posterior capsule of the lens. 5. There were 3 patients with vitreous opacity and 2 of them were due toretinal detachment and 1 was caused by retrolental fibroplasia. The CT findings of retinal detachement werehomogenous or heterogenous opacities in the vitreous. In a case of retrolental fibroplasia, irregular, band-likedensity was seen along the posterior wall of the globe bilaterally. 6. Two cases of primary glaucoma showed largeglobe with a widened anterior chamber. 7. Among 6 cases of orbital fractures, 5 were blow-out fracture. Theblow-out fractures showed fractures of the medial orbital wall or orbital floor with herniated intraorbitalcontents into the neighboring ethmoid or maxillary sinus.
Anterior Chamber ; Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Glioma ; Orbit ; Orbital Diseases ; Orbital Fractures ; Parturition ; Posterior Capsule of the Lens ; Pupil ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinoblastoma ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Sclera ; Teratoma