No abstract available.
Postal Service* ; Surveys and Questionnaires*

Abstract-associated work is a painstaking part of every annual scientific meetings of professional societies . Abstracts have to be received via mail and delivered to the editorial board committee for the committee members to screen the quality and format of the meeting presentations. There are some professional societies that use a web-based abstract receiving system but this is limited only to the reception of abstracts. The work, thus, exhausts time, money and labor. With this in mind, we developed a new automated system which is fully web-based, making possible the reception, selection and publication of the abstracts. This was first applied to the 2001 Korean Society of Pathologists Fall Meeting(http://www.pathology.or.kr/abstract.htm). The overall selecting and electronic-publishing process took only few days. In addition to the convenience, the members of society were able to not only save time but also money. In order to make this possible, an electronic abstract book and a stand-alone executable program were distributed through the Internet (http://www.pathology.or.kr/way-board/db/File_Archives/file/Path200l.EXE).
Automation* ; Committee Membership ; Internet* ; Postal Service ; Publications

Abstract-associated work is a painstaking part of every annual scientific meetings of professional societies . Abstracts have to be received via mail and delivered to the editorial board committee for the committee members to screen the quality and format of the meeting presentations. There are some professional societies that use a web-based abstract receiving system but this is limited only to the reception of abstracts. The work, thus, exhausts time, money and labor. With this in mind, we developed a new automated system which is fully web-based, making possible the reception, selection and publication of the abstracts. This was first applied to the 2001 Korean Society of Pathologists Fall Meeting(http://www.pathology.or.kr/abstract.htm). The overall selecting and electronic-publishing process took only few days. In addition to the convenience, the members of society were able to not only save time but also money. In order to make this possible, an electronic abstract book and a stand-alone executable program were distributed through the Internet (http://www.pathology.or.kr/way-board/db/File_Archives/file/Path200l.EXE).
Automation* ; Committee Membership ; Internet* ; Postal Service ; Publications

The purposes of this study were to investigate the importance level on factors affecting the foodservice management contract perceived by the salespersons in the foodservice company. To get the data on the perceived importance level on the affecting the foodservice management contract, the questionnaires were developed by the delphi technique and modified by the pilot test. The questionnaires consisted of 4 categories and 19 items on the factors affecting the foodservice management contract and the importance level on the factors were measured by 5-likert scale. From March 12 to April 13 in 2003, the self-administrative questionnaires were mailed to the 60 salespersons. The questionnaires were responded from the 48 salespersons(respondent rate : 77 %). As a result, the salesperson' perceived importance level of 'the sales ability' was higher than those of the other categories in the private contract and the salesperson' perceived importance level of 'the evaluation of the foodservice company' was higher than those of the other categories in the competitive bid. The importance of the 'the evaluation of the foodservice company' between the private contract and the competitive bid was significantly different(p<.05), and the importance of 'the sales ability' of the competitive bid was significantly higher than that of the private contract(p<.001).
Commerce ; Delphi Technique ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purposes of this study were to investigate the importance level on factors affecting the foodservice management contract perceived by the salespersons in the foodservice company. To get the data on the perceived importance level on the affecting the foodservice management contract, the questionnaires were developed by the delphi technique and modified by the pilot test. The questionnaires consisted of 4 categories and 19 items on the factors affecting the foodservice management contract and the importance level on the factors were measured by 5-likert scale. From March 12 to April 13 in 2003, the self-administrative questionnaires were mailed to the 60 salespersons. The questionnaires were responded from the 48 salespersons(respondent rate : 77 %). As a result, the salesperson' perceived importance level of 'the sales ability' was higher than those of the other categories in the private contract and the salesperson' perceived importance level of 'the evaluation of the foodservice company' was higher than those of the other categories in the competitive bid. The importance of the 'the evaluation of the foodservice company' between the private contract and the competitive bid was significantly different(p<.05), and the importance of 'the sales ability' of the competitive bid was significantly higher than that of the private contract(p<.001).
Commerce ; Delphi Technique ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires

To analyze of determinants infuencing the utilization of the rural health sub-centers (HSCs), 116 of 144 HSCs in Kyoung Gi Do, were selected for this study. The self-administered questionnaire covering the environment and the characteristics of doctors working in the HSCs was sent to HSCs by mail. 105 questionnaires were returned of which 88 were completed and use in the study. The dependant variable was the total number of medical care visits to the HSCs from January 1, 1990 to March 31, 1990. Data was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: First, the more time required to set from the HSCs to nearest hospital or clinic, the higher the utilization of the HSCs. Second, the more geographically accessible the HSCs was, the more utilization the HSCs. Third, the older of the HSCs doctors were, the more utilization of the HSCs. Fourth, the higher frequency of bus service from the HSCs to town, the more utilization of the HSCs. Fifth, the more time required from the HSCs to town, the more utilization of the HSCs. Therefore, the determinants influencing the utilization of the rural HSCs in Kyong-Gi Do, are mostly geographical accessibility of medical care.
Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rural Health*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate retention practices commonly employed by orthodontists. The objectives were to identify the types of retainer frequently used and to investigate the variations in retention practice. METHODS: A total of 97 orthodontists were randomly selected, and a questionnaire consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions sent to them by mail. Upon receiving of the completed questionnaires, the data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 32 responses were received; among these, 59.4% of orthodontists' practiced is in a government setting and 40.6% were in private practice. A vacuum-formed retainer was the most commonly used removable retainer for both maxillary (46.9%) and mandibular (46.9%) arches, followed by a Hawley retainer (maxilla, 43.8%; mandible, 37.5%), and a fixed retainer (maxilla, 3.1%; mandible, 9.4%). Of the responding orthodontists, 78.1% prescribed full-time wear (more than 20 h per day) for a duration of 3-9 months for a maxillary arch, compared to 71.9% for the mandibular arch. Only 18.8% of the orthodontists prescribed part-time wear of the retainer for the maxillary arch, compared to 21.9% for the mandibular arch. The majority of orthodontists did not instruct their patients to stop wearing removable retainers (71.9%) or fixed retainers (66.8%) at any specific time and they preferred their patients to continue wearing retainers. CONCLUSIONS: Vacuum-formed retainers are the most commonly used retainers among orthodontists. The majority of orthodontists prescribed full-time wear for more than 20 h per day with a duration of 3-9 months and preferred indefinite use of the retainer.
Humans ; Malaysia* ; Mandible ; Postal Service ; Private Practice

This study was planned to investigate employer's attitude about health management of workers in coal mine industry. The sample size was 38.3%(178 coal mine industries) of total 463 coal mine industries. The mailing survey was used to collecting data of coal mine industry and manager of coal mine industry. Distribution of attitude about health management of workers in coal mine industry, specifically necessity and availability of some items of health management and some apparatus of working environment, was skewed to positive attitude. While recognition of susceptability of coal workers' pneumoconiosis was low, that of seriousness of incidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis was high.
Coal* ; Incidence ; Pneumoconiosis ; Postal Service ; Sample Size

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the busyness of dentists and analyzed factors related to busyness in these professionals. METHODS: The subjects were 243 practicing dentists. Surveys were carried out via mail. Busyness was measured by using the Mumma scale. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The dentists' busyness index was 1.91. Of the participants, 40% of practicing dentists wanted more patients, 30.8% did not overwork but did not want more patients, and 27.1% overworked and did not want more patients. The busyness index was significantly related to the number of dental hygienists and dentists. However, it did not differ with respect to the number of assistant nurses. CONCLUSIONS: The busyness index should be considered when developing relevant human resource plans.
Dental Hygienists ; Dentists* ; Humans ; Postal Service

BACKGROUND: Transfusion guidelines play an important role for the appropriate use and quality assurance of blood and transfusion services. The Korean national transfusion guideline was developed in 2009 and went under full amendment in 2016. The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness and practicality of the transfusion guideline in Korea. METHODS: Questionnaires about the Korean national transfusion guideline were sent by traditional mail or e-mail to a total of 1,179 clinicians, 32 academic societies, and 6 institutions. RESULTS: Three hundred and seventy-four answers were received; a response rate of 30.7%. The proportion of respondents with good awareness of the guideline was 23.3%, which is a significant increase compared with 10.9% in 2008. Respondents with good awareness were more dependent on the transfusion guideline when making transfusion decisions. CONCLUSION: There was a considerable increase in the awareness of the national transfusion guideline in Korea.
Electronic Mail ; Korea* ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires