In the context of the implementation of Healthy China Strategy, universal health management is an effective approach to promote the construction of the chain of social health governance system of"prevention, treatment, and management". This paper composes the connotations and main characteristics of universal health management from five aspects: coverage, resource input, service content, management mode, and expected results, with a view to providing reference for the clarification of the connotation of universal health management and related practices.
Humans ; China ; Population Health Management ; Government

In the context of the implementation of Healthy China Strategy, universal health management is an effective approach to promote the construction of the chain of social health governance system of"prevention, treatment, and management". This paper composes the connotations and main characteristics of universal health management from five aspects: coverage, resource input, service content, management mode, and expected results, with a view to providing reference for the clarification of the connotation of universal health management and related practices.
Humans ; China ; Population Health Management ; Government

Population-based lifetime health services rely on health management practice. Collection, management and analysis of big data are highly suitable for the huge population base in China. Nowadays, more and more research focus on the methods, security and ethnicity of health management and big data, and a plenty of instructive results have been made, which could be used to guide the future practice and development. Yichang mode has set a precedent for construction and use of big data for health management.
Big Data ; China ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services Research ; Population Health Management ; Population Surveillance/methods*

Numerous health issues can arise from improper domestic waste management. Uncollected wastes provide food and breeding sites for insect, bird and rodent which can expose the community to vector borne disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the community awareness towards domestic waste management. This study is a cross-sectional study conducted at Bandar Baru Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. The questionnaire consists of five sections with a total of 57 questions. The questionnaire consists of four parts: Socio-demographic, knowledge, attitude and practice. The data were analysed using SPSS version 22.0. T-test, ANOVA test, Chi-squared test were used according to the type of variables and significance level will be taken at 95% or p-value of less than 0.05. A total of 355 respondents participated in this study. The mean age was 40.52 ±14.94. The majority of them were male (52.1%), Malay (71.0%), married (71.3%), with secondary educational (81%) and employed (41.1%). The majority of respondents mentioned that inappropriate waste management can cause dengue fever and leptospirosis (98.0%, 97.2%; respectively). Property type, education, occupation, ethnicity, religions and household income were significant influenced the knowledge of the participants towards domestic waste management. For attitude, gender, education, ethnicity, religion and income significantly influenced the attitude of the participants towards domestic waste management. For practice, ethnicity, religion and occupation were significantly influenced the practice of the participants towards domestic waste management. In conclusion, the community has moderate awareness of domestic waste management. Awareness of waste management should also be taught in school so that the next generation of people will have a better understanding and eventually have better practice in domestic waste management. It is also hoped that a carefully thought-out strategy can be developed to further improve the community awareness towards domestic waste management which will shed a new light on tackling this issue.
Waste Management ; Health ; Knowledge ; Attitude ; Practice ; general population

OBJECTIVES: We examined the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) case management program developed by National Health Insurance Corporation in Korea. METHODS: One trained nurse performed the case management for 30 DM patients recruited through the reimbursement information of National Health Insurance in a rural community. The case manager had four home visits and two telephone calls for 12 weeks. We evaluated the effectiveness of the program in terms of self-efficacy, self-care behaviors and glyco-metabolic control. RESULTS: The self-efficacy score was significantly increased from 70.0 of pre-intervention to 80.5 of post-intervention (p<0.001). The self-care score was also significantly increased from 2.86 to 3.60 (p<0.001). The scores of its components such as nutritional care, self-test of sugar level, foot care, oral care, and aerobic exercise were significantly improved (p<0.001). However, the improvement of score in medication management was statistically marginal (p=0.071). The fasting blood sugar level and HbA1c level was significantly decreased from 128.6 mg/dl to 114.5 mg/dl (p<0.001) and from 6.78 % to 6.54 % (p<0.001) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The case management program was effective to improve the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors, and to control blood sugar level in DM patients.
Blood Glucose ; Case Management ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Exercise ; Fasting ; Foot ; House Calls ; Humans ; National Health Programs ; Rural Population ; Self Care ; Telephone

INTRODUCTION: Community health profiles guide workers in identifying health problems and prioritizing programs for implementation. A community health profile document helps local health stakeholders realize the need for collaborative effort to address and solve health problems. This paper is a situational analysis which looks at the community health profile of San Gaspar, Ilocos Sur, focusing on direct and indirect dimensions of the community that can effect the health status of the population.
METHODS: Survey of 59 households, focus group discussion, key informant interviews of existing records were done.
RESULTS & CONCLUSION: San Gaspar is found to be similar to other rural communities in the absence of an established water system, poor garbage disposal, lack of concrete waste management programs, and high prevalence of acute respiratory illnesses. However, it significantly differs from majority of rural areas in nutritional status, some health practices and health seeking behaviors. These differences can be attributed to: a) proximity to rural health unit, b) active and dynamic rural health workers, c) people's high regard for health, and d) relatively high educational attainment.

Human ; Family Characteristics ; Focus Groups ; Garbage ; Health Status ; Nutritional Status ; Prevalence ; Residence Characteristics ; Rural Health ; Rural Population ; Surveys And Questionnaires ; Waste Management ; Water

Medicine and health care are developing to be and yet are driving economical factors worldwide and information and communication technology is one of their most important resources. Thus, there is a special need for effective and efficient information systems. These information systems have continually to be adjusted to changing demands stemming from innovation and trends in medicine (continuity of care, translational medicine), but also from trends in information technology and information management (e.g. SOA, "Green IT", ITIL). Teams worldwide meet the challenge and implement projects concerning information systems for hospitals, health care regions, or even nationwide health telematics like German teams do by introducing the electronic health card. Completing the IMIA "world.wide vision to improve the health of the world population" by application of information technology needs effective cooperation worldwide. As already stated in the bible (tower of babel) one common language is needed for cooperation. This requires a widely accepted terminology/ontology for describing information systems in health care, a common understanding of the domain and of the tasks to be supported by information systems, and shared methods for creating construction plans. As a small contribution we had proposed 3LGM(2) as an ontology to describe information systems, a reference model to describe the domain of health care information processing, and the 3LGM(2) tool to create models and plans for information systems in health care. In a joint project of the University of Leipzig (Germany) and Chiba University (Japan) we applied these concepts to systematically compare the information systems of the respective universities' medical centres. We regard this comparison as small but important step towards better cooperation between Asia and Europe in building health care information systems. The comparison unfolded e.g. differences concerning architectural styles, heterogeneity, redundancy, use of communication standards and organisation of information management between both hospitals. The confrontation of the information systems of both sites with each other using the same terminology provides new chances for sharing experiences and, thus, for cooperation. Despite of the differences, no reason could be found for rating one information system significantly better than the other. For doing this, a more thorough understanding of quality of information systems in health care and respective research is needed.
Asia ; Automatic Data Processing ; Bible ; Delivery of Health Care ; Electronics ; Electrons ; Europe ; Germany ; Information Management ; Information Systems ; Japan ; Joints ; Population Characteristics ; Vision, Ocular

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a self-care program for elders with osteoarthritis managed by primary health care workers, Community Health Practitioners (CHPs), in rural Korea. METHODS: The self-care program, consisting of 7 areas, was evaluated with a randomized experimental study for patients over age 60 with osteoarthritis in which 150 participants in the experimental group and 140 in the control group were compared. The self-care program was implemented for six weeks, 2 hours per week, at community health posts by CHPs. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire given by the CHPs and laboratory tests before and after the intervention for both groups. Propensity score matching analysis was done to test effectiveness after controlling for confounding variables. RESULTS: The intervention group showed a significant decrease in the number of painful joints (p<.001) and a significant increase in self-care ability (p<.05) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Study results indicate that training and utilizing primary health care workers in rural areas is valuable in increasing the generalization and continuity of intervention programs. As arthritis should be managed life-long, CHP directed self-care programs are useful interventions for rural elders with arthritis to learn self-care management.
Aged ; *Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Community Health Services ; Female ; Health Personnel/*utilization ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis/*prevention & control ; Pain Management ; Program Evaluation ; Propensity Score ; Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea ; Rural Population ; *Self Care

The Korea Association of Health Promotion and Japanese Organization for International Cooperation in Family Planning (JOICFP), and Taiwan's Chinese Foundation of Health all originated from parasite control organizations. Currently these organizations hold no apparent relations to parasite control activities. However, many of the senior leaderships of these organizations including presidents, have parasitology as their background. Kunii Chojiro (the founder of Japan Association of Parasite Control (JAPC) and JOICFP) explained it as “it all started from worms.” In 1949, Kunii Chojiro established JAPC after personally experienced intestinal parasite infection. The JAPC people conducted mass examination and mass chemotherapy focusing on school children, which allowed them to have sustainable income. In 1965, the Korea Association of Parasite Eradication (KAPE) requested JAPC to assist Korea's parasite control activity. In 1968, when Korea-Japan cooperation for parasite control activity established, Japan's operating procedures were directly absorbed by KAPE. With support from JAPC and official development aid through Overseas Technical Cooperation Agency in Japan (now Japan International Cooperation Agency), Korea successfully controlled parasite infection. Post-war and cold-war geopolitics had a significant impact on Korea-Japan cooperation. In 1960s the president of KAPE, Chong-Chin Lee and Kunii Chojiro were well known figures in population control network. They did understand the importance of population control, but did not agree with the approaches taken by western population control experts. From their point of view, it had to be self-initiated, economically self sustainable grass-root activities rather than top-down activities, as experienced in their parasite control in Japan and Korea. This lead to a new Asian model named “Integrated Program”. Together with their influence in population control network, Kunii and Lee manage to secure the fund from IPPF. Emergence of Integrated Program showed how collective experience of Asia, as well as overlap of networking formed ‘Asian Model’ of public health activities. Kunii and Lee shared the same agenda to enable people to have better life through public health measures. While they funneled money from global population control network, they were more interested in securing sustainability of the parasite control activities. This paper focuses on activities and experiences of Kunii Chojiro and Chong-Chin Lee to show interplay of Cold War geopolitics in Asia led to emergence of Asian network.
Asia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Child ; Communicable Disease Control* ; Drug Therapy ; Family Planning Services ; Financial Management ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; International Planned Parenthood Federation ; Japan ; Korea ; Leadership ; Parasites* ; Parasitology ; Population Control ; Public Health