Throughout the years, various classifications have evolved for the diagnosis of vascular anomalies. However, it remains difficult to classify a number of such lesions. Because all hemangiomas were previously considered to involute, if a lesion with imaging and clinical characteristics of hemangioma does not involute, then there is no subclass in which to classify such a lesion, as reported in one of our cases. The recent classification proposed by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA, 2014) has solved this problem by including non-involuting and partially involuting hemangioma in the classification. We present here five cases of vascular anomalies and discuss their diagnosis in accordance with the ISSVA (2014) classification. A non-involuting lesion should not always be diagnosed as a vascular malformation. A non-involuting lesion can be either a hemangioma or a vascular malformation depending upon its clinicopathologic and imaging characteristics.
Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Head* ; Hemangioma ; Neck* ; Vascular Malformations

Objective: To keep the level of awareness high as far as incidence of dengue among pregnant women is concerned. Methods: A total of 300 blood samples of patients with fever in pregnancy were received in the Department of Microbiology to rule out dengue infection (January 2011 to December 2012). The samples were put up for presence of dengue IgM antibodies and NS1Ag by ELISA. The patients who turned out to be positive for dengue serology were retrospectively analysed with respect to patient's age, gestational age, clinical presentation, complications, platelet counts and maternal as well as foetal outcomes. Results: Out of 300 females tested, 22 (7.3%) were found positive for dengue infection during the said time period. Out of them 9 were positive for IgM antibodies against dengue and 10 were found to be positive for NS1Ag, while 3 were positive for both IgM antibody and NS1Ag. Five patients presented with dengue in first trimester, 9 in second trimester and 8 in third trimester. Two patients had coinfections. Patient with coinfection of dengue with malaria had intrauterine death of fetus at 37 weeks while the second one having dengue with typhoid had a preterm vaginal delivery at 35 weeks. Conclusions: Establishing diagnosis of dengue infection in pregnancy is important for effective management by the obstetricians particularly the mode of delivery due to the potential risk of hemorrhage for both the mother and the newborn. Co-infections seen in endemic areas may be more common than usually reported.