PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine the effect Klorhex and Fittydent, which are used as cleaning agents on the adhesion of Candida on the surfaces of acrylic denture and palatal mucosa. In addition, ability of yeasts to adhere to acrylic strips was evaluated after applying these agents in vitro. MATERIALS and METHODS: Each group of 15 patients cleaned their dentures with either Klorhex or with Fittydent. The control group cleaned their dentures with water. RESULTS: It was found that 62.2% of the patients had colonies of Candida species on their palatal mucosa which was reduced to 51.1% after using these cleaning agents. The colonization rate with Candida spp on their dentures was reduces from 82.2% to 68.8% using these cleaning agents. The mean adhesion value of the Candida strains isolated from the acrylic strips were found to be 75cell/strip prior to applying the Klorhex and Fittydent and 37.5cell/strip and 15cell/strip after applying these agents, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results showed that Klorhex and Fittydent have a certain preventive effect on the colonization rate of Candida spp on the surface of these dentures, the palatal mucosa, as well as on the acrylic strips in vitro.
*Acrylates ; Adhesiveness/drug effects ; Antifungal Agents/*pharmacology ; Candida/*cytology/*drug effects ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Denture Cleansers/*pharmacology ; *Dentures ; Mouth Mucosa/drug effects/microbiology ; Polyvinyls/pharmacology

AIMTo evaluate how solution viscosity affects the precorneal residence of five water-soluble polymers with different properties.

METHODSCaptive bubble technique was used, with the consecutive change of contact angle interpreted as an indication of desorption process, to study the residence of those polymers in vitro on freshly enucleated rabbit eyes under physiological conditions.

RESULTSCarbopol and sodium hyaluronate (HA), which adsorbed to isolated ocular surface more than 15 min, showed the optimum precorneal retentive capabilities. When the solution viscosity increased from 12 mPa.s to 50 mPa.s, the residence time of carbopol and HA were prolonged 10 min and 7 min, respectively, but that of sodium carboxymethylcellulose was not affected.

CONCLUSIONThe result suggested that higher viscosity is beneficial to improve the ocular residence time of bio-adhesive polymers.

Acrylic Resins ; Adhesiveness ; Animals ; Cornea ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Female ; Hyaluronic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Polyvinyls ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Solutions ; Viscosity

OBJECTIVETo illustrate the effects of several physiochemical factors on cell growth and isoflavone accumulation of Pueraria lobata cell suspension cultures.

METHODHigh performance liquid chromatography and plant tissue culture were applied.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONCell growth and isoflavone accumulation were significantly stimulated in P. lobata cell suspension cultures by the increase of the sucrose concentration. Maintaining the pH value at the range over 5. 4 to 5. 8 was most suitable for isoflavone accumulation in P. lobata cell suspension cultures. Cell dried weight and isoflavone accumulation decreased sharply with the increase of the treated concentration of active carbon, while XAD-4 significantly stimulated cell growth and isoflavone accumulation.

Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Charcoal ; pharmacology ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Isoflavones ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; cytology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Polystyrenes ; Polyvinyls ; Pueraria ; cytology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Sucrose ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo prepare the alpha-asarone reservoir patch and investigate its release and transdermal absorption characteristics in vitro. The efficient enhancers were chosen to improve the drug's permeation rate.

METHODThe alpha-asarone reservoir patch was prepared using 1% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) of ethanol solution as medium and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) membrane to control the release of drug. The Franz diffusion cells were used and several permeation enhancers were evaluated. High performance liquid chromatorgraphy (HPLC) was used to determine alpha-asarone's content and permeation rate.

RESULTThe release mechanisms of alpha K-asarone patch in vitro coincided with zero-order kinetic. 30% ethanol cooperates with 1% Isopropyl Myristate (IPM) have the best effect on permeation of the patch. The permeation rate reaches (20.67 +/- 1.33) microg x cm(-2) h(-1).

CONCLUSIONEthanol combined with IPM is good permeation enhancer, which facilitated the permeation of alpha K-asarone to fit the clinical requirements. However, the further studies of the skin's stimulation and bioavailability are needed.

Acorus ; chemistry ; Administration, Cutaneous ; Anisoles ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypromellose Derivatives ; In Vitro Techniques ; Methylcellulose ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Myristates ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polyvinyls ; chemistry ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects

The difference between absorption of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) after oral and oral cavity administration were studied respectively, and the compatible enhancer for oral cavity delivery system of both drugs was found. The LMWH and UFH films were prepared with two bioadhesive materials Carbopol and alginate sodium for oral cavity delivery. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was used to determine LMWH and UFH in plasma after oral, oral cavity and sc administration in rats. The results show that the enhancer (Labrasol) can increase the absorption of LMWH and UFH through oral cavity in rats but not obviously. The oral cavity iontophoretic delivery system is a useful method to improve the absorption of LMWH and UFH through oral cavity mucosa.
Absorption ; Acrylic Resins ; Administration, Oral ; Alginates ; chemistry ; Animals ; Anticoagulants ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glucuronic Acid ; chemistry ; Glycerides ; Heparin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Hexuronic Acids ; chemistry ; Injections, Intradermal ; Iontophoresis ; Male ; Mouth ; Organic Chemicals ; pharmacology ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Polyvinyls ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley