OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics and treatment method of pneumonoconiosis with spontaneous pneumothorax.

METHODSThe clinical data of 55 cases with spontaneous pneumothorax were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong these 55 cases, there were 19 cases with left side pneumothorax, 25 cases with right side pneumothorax and 11 cases with bilateral pneumothorax. The lungs of 17 cases were compressed to less than 20%, the lungs of 29 cases were compressed to 20% ∼ 50% and the lungs of 9 cases were compressed to more than 50%, 17 cases were treated conservatively, 7 cases were treated by thoracentesis, and 32 cases were treated by closed thoracic drainage, including 10 cases intrapleural injected with thrombin and PAMBA. After the treatment, 41 cases were cured, 10 cases were improved, 3 cases were transferred to other hospital for plugging or pleurodesis and 1 case died of the respiratory failure.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical symptoms of cases with pneumonoconiosis and spontaneous pneumothorax are atypical. These cases easily recur. After treatment, the healing of these cases is better.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Pneumothorax ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of central venous catheter in the treatment of refractory pleural effusion and pneumothorax.

METHODSPatients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis-tuberculosis complicated by pleural effusion or pneumothorax were randomly divided into central venous catheter group (48 cases, treated by chest drainage using a peripherally inserted central catheter) and conventional puncture group (56 cases, treated by conventional pleural puncture). Chemotherapy (DOTS strategy) was fully supervised, and both groups used 3HRZE/6HR (H, isoniazid; R, rifampicin; Z, pyrazinamide; E, ethambutol).

RESULTSIn the central venous catheter group, catheterization in the thoracic cavity was performed once in all cases, without fall-off; the mean total volume of pumped effusion was 3932±4430 ml; the time to disappearance of pleural effusion and pneumatosis was 10±2 d; 40 (83.33%) of the 48 cases were cured. In the conventional puncture group, the volume of pumped effusion was 2753±315 ml; the time to disappearance of pleural effusion and pneumatosis was 18±6 d; pleural puncture was performed twice in 4 cases, 3-4 times in 38 cases, and over 5 times in 10 cases, with an average of 3.8 times; 26 (46.43%) of the 56 cases were cured. The cure rate was significantly higher in the central venous catheter group than in the conventional puncture group (χ(2) = 7.59, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONFor pleural effusion and pneumothorax, PICC can be used instead of closed thoracic drainage and pleural puncture, and it has good clinical effect, causes little pain, and is easy to operate.

Anthracosis ; Catheterization ; Central Venous Catheters ; Drainage ; Humans ; Pleural Effusion ; complications ; therapy ; Pneumothorax ; complications ; therapy

Adult ; Aged ; Cystostomy ; Drainage ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumothorax ; complications ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicosis ; complications ; therapy

Aged ; Anthracosis ; complications ; Catheterization ; Drainage ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pleural Effusion ; etiology ; therapy ; Pneumothorax ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

Pneumothorax is a complication that rarely occurs after chemotherapy for lung cancer. We report the chest computed tomography findings of a case of spontaneous pneumothorax complicating docetaxel (Taxotere®) treatment for pulmonary metastasis in a 70-year-old woman with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The patient developed bilateral pneumothoraces, which was induced by changes in the cavitary pulmonary metastatic lesions, after systemic chemotherapy with docetaxel. The chest computed tomography findings and possible mechanisms of this unusual complication are discussed in this report.
Adenocarcinoma ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pneumothorax ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Taxoids ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; complications ; drug therapy ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumothorax ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Quinazolines ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: To describe the high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings of re-expansion pulmonary edema (REPE) following a thoracentesis for a spontaneous pneumothorax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HRCT scans from 43 patients who developed REPE immediately after a thoracentesis for treatment of pneumothorax were retrospectively analyzed. The study group consisted of 41 men and two women with a mean age of 34 years. The average time interval between insertion of the drainage tube and HRCT was 8.5 hours (range, 1-24 hours). The patterns and distribution of the lung lesions were analyzed and were assigned one of the following classifications: consolidation, ground-glass opacity (GGO), intralobular interstitial thickening, interlobular septal thickening, thickening of bronchovascular bundles, and nodules. The presence of pleural effusion and contralateral lung involvement was also assessed. RESULTS: Patchy areas of GGO were observed in all 43 patients examined. Consolidation was noted in 22 patients (51%). The geographic distribution of GGO and consolidation was noted in 25 patients (58%). Interlobular septal thickening and intralobular interstitial thickening was noted in 28 patients (65%), respectively. Bronchovascular bundle thickening was seen in 13 patients (30%), whereas ill-defined centrilobular GGO nodules were observed in five patients (12%). The lesions were predominantly peripheral in 38 patients (88%). Of these lesions, gravity-dependent distribution was noted in 23 cases (53%). Bilateral lung involvement was noted in four patients (9%), and a small amount of pleural effusion was seen in seven patients (16%). CONCLUSION: The HRCT findings of REPE were peripheral patchy areas of GGO that were frequently combined with consolidation as well as interlobular septal and intralobular interstitial thickening.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/radiography ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Observer Variation ; Pneumothorax/complications/therapy ; Pulmonary Edema/complications/*radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors and preventative measures for neonatal pneumothorax.

METHODSRetrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 2286 neonates who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit between October 2010 and November 2011, and a case-control study was conducted to analyze the risk factors and preventative measures for neonatal pneumothorax.

RESULTSThe incidence of pneumothorax among the neonates was 1.57% (36/2286), and it was significantly higher in full-term infants than in preterm infants (23/1033 vs 13/1253, P=0.023). Logistic regression analysis indicated that cesarean section, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), wet lung, pneumonia and mechanical ventilation were the independent risk factors for neonatal pneumothorax (odds ratios=7.951, 6.090, 7.898, 6.272 and 4.389; P<0.05 for all). The higher the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) during mechanical ventilation, the higher the incidence of neonatal pneumothorax (P<0.001). Pulmonary surfactant reduced the incidence of pneumothorax among neonates with NRDS (2.9% vs 10.1%; P=0.006).

CONCLUSIONSNeonatal pneumothorax occurs mostly in full-term infants. Cesarean section, NRDS, wet lung, pneumonia and mechanical ventilation are closely associated with neonatal pneumothorax. Strict management of indications for cesarean section, keeping PIP at a low level during mechanical ventilation, and use of pulmonary surfactant are helpful in preventing neonatal pneumothorax.

Case-Control Studies ; Cesarean Section ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Pneumothorax ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Respiration, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; complications ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Disease Progression ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*complications/diagnostic imaging/secondary/surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant/diagnostic imaging/*etiology/therapy ; Pneumothorax/diagnostic imaging/*etiology/therapy ; Sarcoma/*complications/diagnostic imaging/secondary/surgery ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms/*pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) infection is rarely reported in an immunocompetent host. It is a well known occurence in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease where it increases both morbidity and mortality. It has also been included in the list of organisms causing nosocomial infections in an immunocompetent host, most of them transmitted from the immunocompromised patient in which this organism harbors. We report a rare case of isolation of B. cepacia from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of an immunocompetent agriculturist who presented with productive cough and fever associated with a pyopneumothorax. This is the first case of community acquired infection reported in an immunocompetent person in India.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Azithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; microbiology ; Burkholderia Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; transmission ; Burkholderia cepacia ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Ceftazidime ; therapeutic use ; Ceftizoxime ; therapeutic use ; Community-Acquired Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans ; Immunocompetence ; India ; Male ; Pneumothorax ; complications